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1.
鲍勇  陶敏芳  刘威 《实用全科医学》2009,7(6):551-551,554
目的对上海市某社区居民就医意向和影响因素进行分析,了解居民医疗需求,指导医院提供满足社区居民需要的卫生服务,提供改善居民就医行为的依据。方法采用自行编制的调查问卷,内容包含有居民性别、年龄、经济收入、文化程度等一般情况。由经过培训的医护人员,在社区居委会协助下进行发放、填写。调查对象为2006年8月-12月居住某社区半年以上、具有行为意识能力、愿意接受调查的居民,共1200名,占社区居民人口的1%。结果有效问卷1179份。78.20%的居民选择综合性医院就诊,主要是医疗技术原因;不选择综合性医院的原因中"等候时间太长"占第一位,为45.51%;选择社区医院的原因中"交通便捷"是主要原因,占41.38%,其次为"价格便宜",为25.23%;不选择社区医院的原因中认为"技术不够"的占72.77%。分层分析发现,60岁以上的老年人、大学以上学历人员就医选择综合性医院就诊的比例较高。结论社区居民受就医医院的医疗质量、技术水平因素影响。要重视老年居民的医疗行为和影响因素,大力发展社区卫生服务,正确引导居民就医,解决看病难、看病贵的问题。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探析我国老年人微信健康信息转发行为的影响因素,为新媒体环境下老年人健康信息服务提供理论指导和借鉴。方法:采用半结构访谈法和焦点访谈法,收集33位老年人通过微信转发的健康信息数据,并通过扎根理论对数据进行编码,归纳出影响老年人健康信息转发行为的15个主要概念范畴和4个核心因素。结果:老年人的个人因素和行为实施条件、信息因素和环境因素是影响健康信息转发行为的主要因素。结论:个人因素和实施条件因素是内部因素,直接影响老年人健康信息转发行为;信息因素和环境因素是外部因素,通过内部因素间接影响信息转发行为。  相似文献   

3.
背景 随着大众健康观念的转变,人群健康管理需求和消费能力有所提升,在当前供给侧结构性改革的大背景下,如何从供需两端发力,对居民健康管理消费需求和行为加以合理的引导,成为亟待研究的问题。目的 通过了解居民选择健康管理服务时的权衡过程及其偏好,以居民真实的健康管理服务需求为依据,为政策制定者和健康管理服务供给方提供决策依据。方法 采用简单随机抽样和方便抽样相结合的方法于2019年7-10月在乌鲁木齐市7个区展开离散选择实验问卷调查。问卷包括调查对象基本信息、离散选择实验选择集(共包括服务主体、服务内容、线上服务提供情况、中医药服务提供情况、家庭医生签约服务提供情况、自付费用6个属性,每个属性又包括若干水平)。运用Stata 15.0软件构建离散选择模型,采用混合Logit回归模型分析居民健康管理服务选择偏好。结果 共发放问卷945份,回收有效问卷802份,有效回收率为84.9%。离散选择模型结果显示,居民效用最高的健康管理服务组合方案为公立医院健康管理部门、健康体检+健康教育与咨询或健康体检+健康干预、丰富的线上服务、有中医药服务、有家庭医生签约服务(P<0.05)。结论 乌鲁木齐市居民在选择健康管理服务时最关心服务主体,对服务内容的潜在需求仍需引导,居民对线上服务、中医药服务和家庭医生签约服务存在偏好。目前应该加大宣传力度和政策指引,充分发挥各类健康管理机构在健康管理中的作用,完善线上线下的服务闭环,积极引进中医慢性病防控的服务方式,持续推进家庭医生签约服务的有序进行。  相似文献   

4.
目的 了解徐州市社区老年人的基本健康状况,探讨社区老年人卫生服务需要向需求转化的程度,为进一步完善社区老年卫生服务提供有关信息.方法 采用整群抽样方法抽取徐州市某区60岁及以上老年人715人进行入户调查.采用社区卫生服务中心社区居民健康信息采集表,另外补充卫生服务需求调查问卷.调查内容包括个人基本情况、健康状况、两周患病、一年内住院、两年内体检和卫生服务需求与利用情况.对相关数据进行统计分析.结果 社区老年人慢性病患病率47.5%,两周患病率27.7%,两周就诊率11.0%,年住院率7.6%;56.8%的老年入门诊选择社区卫生机构,54.7%住院选择三级医院,85.3%认为社区卫生机构能满足基本健康需求.结论 徐州市社区老年人的卫生状况良好,卫生服务需求低于全国水平,且能够得到较好的满足,卫生服务利用较理性,社区卫生服务需求提高.  相似文献   

5.
目的 了解社区老年人健康需求状况,探讨健康需求项目彼此间的相互关系,分析健康需求项目间的共性,为社区老年人健康管理、健康评价及健康干预提供科学参考。方法 于2011年3-6月,采用多级抽样方法,抽取锦州市642名社区老年人进行问卷调查,问卷主要内容包括社区老年人的一般情况和健康需求。并对39项健康需求进行聚类分析。结果 发放问卷642份,有效回收611份,有效回收率为95.2%。社区老年人对各项健康服务的健康需求率为1.3%~69.7%,其中排在前3位的分别为:定期组织体检(69.7%,426/611)、日间护理中心(67.4%,412/611)、建立社区家庭急救呼叫系统(66.1%,404/611)。社区老年人的健康需求分为3大类:基础需求类(24项)、健康教育类(13项)、急救类(2项)。结论 社区老年人对各项服务的健康需求不一致,健康需求项目间具有相似性,应分类管理,有利于提高健康干预效率和社区老年人的健康水平。  相似文献   

6.
目的:研究江西省农村老年人对中医药治疗服务的需求意愿及其影响因素,为推进农村地区中医药服务改革提供参考。方法:采用多阶段抽样方法,在江西省农村地区选取720名老年人进行问卷调查,用卡方检验、Logistic回归对影响因素进行分析。结果:共回收609份有效问卷,其中有39.9%的老年人愿意接受中医药治疗服务。Logistic回归结果显示,是否患慢性病、中医药服务信任程度、自感健康状况、中医药宣传栏设置情况、中医药服务支出对老年人中医药治疗服务需求意愿有显著影响。结论:江西省农村老年人的中医药治疗服务整体需求意愿较低。建议拓宽中医药健康知识的传播广度,创新基层地区中医特色健康服务模式,加强中医药人才队伍建设,完善中医药价格和医保政策,使中医药健康服务能够在农村地区发挥关键作用。  相似文献   

7.
老年人健康信息行为调查研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用抽样方法对50岁以上老年人进行问卷调查,从健康信息获取、行为习惯、素养、服务4个方面分析老年人健康信息行为及服务需求特征,为相关机构开展老年人健康信息服务提供一定参考。  相似文献   

8.
背景 社区居家养老因弥补了机构养老的不足而有望成为老年人养老方式的最佳选择,精准识别老年人社区居家养老服务需求有助于政府相关部门提供有针对性的、有侧重的养老服务。目的 基于养老服务需求方视角,了解南宁市老年人社区居家养老服务需求,并探索其影响因素。方法 2019年3-5月,采用便利抽样法选取南宁市符合纳入标准的≥60岁社区老年人505例。采用自制的调查问卷,以一问一答的方式由调查员协助老年人填写问卷。调查问卷主要内容包括基本资料、社区居家养老服务需求情况、养老方式选择情况(家庭养老、社区居家养老、机构养老)。为了便于进行社区居家养老影响因素的研究,按老年人养老的地点将家庭养老和社区居家养老统一归为社区居家养老进行分析。结果 共发放调查问卷505份,回收有效问卷486份,有效回收率96.2%。91.3%(444/486)的老年人并不清楚所在社区是否有养老服务中心或日间照料中心;53.1%(258/486)的老年人表示知道所在的社区是否有社区卫生服务中心;54.7%(266/486)的老年人对社区提供哪些日常生活照料方面的服务不是很清楚;34.0%(165/486)的老年人知道社区能提供疾病诊治服务。41.3%(201/486)的老年人希望社区能扩大老年活动场所,增加为老服务项目;39.3%(191/486)的老年人认为其不需要社区提供任何日常生活照料服务;66.7%(324/486)的老年人希望社区能提供体检、康复、老年护理服务;60.0%(292/486)的老年人希望社区提供健康咨询、保健指导;48.0%(233/486)的老年人希望社区提供上门看病、送药服务。60.9%(296/486)的老年人选择家庭养老,其次是社区居家养老,占20.0%(97/486),选择机构养老的老年人最少,占19.1%(93/486)。受教育程度〔高中或中专:OR=3.379,95%CI(1.307,9.802);大专及以上:OR=3.955,95%CI(1.508,10.371)〕、退休前工作〔有:OR=5.097,95%CI(2.382,10.908)〕、子女数〔2个:OR=8.198,95%CI(2.982,22.537);3个及以上:OR=3.607,95%CI(1.521,8.552)〕、自理情况〔完全不能自理:OR=4.165,95%CI(1.570,11.050)〕、受照顾情况〔保姆照顾:OR=0.046,95%CI(0.010,0.209)〕是老年人选择社区居家养老的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 家庭养老仍然是南宁市城区老年人首选的养老模式,且愿意选择社区居家养老的老年人逐渐增多,社区居家养老或将成为大趋势。经济条件好(高学历、退休前有工作)、家庭支持条件好(有配偶和多个子女)、健康状况差的老年人更倾向于选择社区居家养老。  相似文献   

9.
目的:了解某肿瘤专科医院医生的信息需求行为,分析比较各个层次医生的信息需求和行为的差异,为医生提供有针对性的信息服务。方法:对南通市肿瘤医院200例初、中、高职称医生进行问卷调查。结果:收回有效问卷194份,有效率97.0%,其中高级职称医生问卷50份,中级职称医生问卷80份,初级职称医生问卷64份。初级职称医生中为休闲娱乐而获取信息的占比(64.0%)最高,无明确目的占比(40.0%);中级职称医生大部分(68.7%)是为完成工作而去寻找相关信息;高级职称医生则有75.0%为了科研去获取信息。初级职称医生在信息需求方面呈现广泛性(84.0%),且对新颖性(74.0%)和时效性(68.0%)也有较高的要求。中级职称医生对专业性(83.5%)要求最高,同时也注重信息的时效性(66.2%)和系统性(57.5%)。高级职称医生信息需求特点居前3位分别为专业性(85.9%)、成熟性(82.8%)和新颖性(79.7%)。初级职称医生获取信息主要选择图书馆(40.0%)和互联网(36.0%);中级职称医生主要通过互联网(70.0%),其次选择图书馆(37.5%);高级职称医生主要通过互联网(78.1%)以及学术会议(57.8%)获得信息。结论:当今医生信息需求的特点主要表现在广泛性、集中性、求新性、个性化、专业化、及时性、系统性、可靠性。另外,医生信息需求受信息环境、个人能力、文化水平、兴趣等方面的影响。  相似文献   

10.
目的调查分析云南省社区老年人居家护理的需求现状,为开展社区老年人居家护理服务和制定内容规划提供依据.方法编制社区老年人居家护理需求问卷调查表,通过调查人员对105名老年人的健康功能状况、生活状况、居家护理服务需求进行走访调查.结果76.20%的社区老年人有居家护理服务需求,其中社区老年人对于Et常医疗护理需求最高.结论开展社区老年人居家护理服务能够有效加强老年人自我保健意识,提高老年人生存质量,对实现老年人健康养老有着重要的意义.  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

13.
FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…  相似文献   

14.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

15.
Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P<0.01);the MAP decreased(P<0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P<0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.  相似文献   

16.
Objective:To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and osteoclast differentiation factor(ODF) in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods:OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers(over 50 years old) with hip fracture(Observer Group) and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis(Control group) were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results:The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion:Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas(SPTP). Methods:Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results:Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin(9/9 cases), AAT(9/9 cases), NSE(9/9 cases), ACT(7/9 cases), CK20(2/9 cases), CgA(1/9 cases), S-100(3/gcases), PR(4/gcases), Syn(3/9 cases) and CD56(5/9cases), negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion:SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.  相似文献   

18.
Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.  相似文献   

19.
In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.  相似文献   

20.
Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.  相似文献   

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