基于中医传承辅助系统的中医药治疗消渴病的组方规律分析

目的基于中医传承辅助系统的中医药治疗消渴病的组方规律分析。方法通过对《中医方剂大辞典》中对消渴病治疗的相关方剂进行搜集,借助中医传承辅助系统,对消渴病方剂中常见的药物进行分析,研究其配伍规律,并且进行新方的发现。结果共搜集有关消渴症的方剂共343首,对其进行分析以后,对药物出现的频次进行明确,明确药物之间的规则,并且从中演化出新的药物配伍新方。结论通过对中医药治疗消渴病的组方的规律进行分析,明确了药物配伍规律,并且在此基础上发现了治疗消渴病的新方,更好的为临床治疗消渴病提供参考。     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗呃逆的组方规律研究

目的基于"中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)",探索《中医方剂大辞典》历代治疗呃逆的方剂中中药的使用特点,分析中药之间的配伍规律,以期对呃逆的中医药治疗提供参考,为中药新药研发提供理论支撑。方法搜集《中医方剂大辞典》中用于治疗呃逆的方剂,应用"中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)",使用软件关联规则Apriori算法、复杂系统熵聚类等无监督数据挖掘方法进行频数统计、组方规律、新方分析,分析治疗呃逆方剂中常用的中药及其配伍规律,提取核心组合形成新方。结果最终纳入《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗呃逆的有效方剂共125首,共涉及中药140味,排序前六的中药分别为陈皮、人参、丁香、甘草、半夏、白术。四气中以温性中药居首,五味中以辛味中药居首,归经中以脾、胃两脏位列前二。常见关联药对分别为"人参-白术""柿蒂-丁香""半夏-陈皮"。并提取新方组合3首,分别为新方1"炙甘草,白术,人参,桂枝,炮姜,附子";新方2"沉香,木香,白豆蔻,小茴香";新方3"山茱萸,泽泻,牡丹皮,麦芽,石斛"。结论对《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗呃逆的有效方剂进行挖掘分析,结果显示呃逆的发生多因寒、因虚、因热,病机与胃气上逆有关,治疗多以辛开苦降为法,药物多用辛温之品,重在调理脾胃,对挖掘历代医家临床经验具有重要参考价值。     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗腹痛的组方规律研究

目的采用关联规则apriori算法、复杂系统熵聚类等无监督数据挖掘方法,探索《中医方剂大辞典》中历代腹痛方剂中各种药物的使用及药物之间的关联规律。方法采用《中医传承辅助平台》(V2. 5),提取《中医方剂大词典》中治疗腹痛的有效方剂,构建数据库,使用软件关联规则算法,复杂系统熵聚类等数据挖掘方法,分析治疗腹痛方剂中常用的药物及其组合规律、提取核心组合形成新方。结果纳入《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗腹痛的有效方剂共1331首,共涉及中药721味,出现频率高于90的药物共31味,总结了常用药对36对,通过数据挖掘共得到治疗腹痛的核心用药组合10对,并演化新方组合5首。结论《中医方剂大辞典》收录了从秦汉至现代的中医临床验方,多用理气止痛、和络止痛、健脾助运、散寒温里、缓急止痛之品,中医传承辅助平台系统对于挖掘名老中医临床经验具有重要使用价值。     

基于中医传承辅助系统手足口病相关古方组方规律分析

目的:基于中医传承辅助系统(V2.0)分析手足口病相关古方的组方规律。方法:收集自秦汉至清末方剂79首,应用中医传承辅助系统(V2.0)软件,录入方剂信息,构建数据库,使用软件的数据挖掘方法,分析手足口病相关古方中常用的药物、核心组合及发现新方。结果:根据79首方剂的分析,明确药物出现的频次,常用药物组合32个及演化新方5个。结论:初步揭示了治疗手足口病相关古方的组方用药规律,中医传承辅助系统(V2.0)可应用于分析方剂组方规律和新方发现。     

基于中医传承辅助系统探讨瘿病方剂组方规律

目的:分析《中医方剂大辞典》中收载的所有治疗瘿病内服方剂的用药特点,组方规律,为甲状腺疾病的中医药治疗提供参考。方法:收集并筛选《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗瘿病内服方剂,录入中医传承辅助系统(V2.0)软件,对筛选出治疗瘿病的方剂进行用药特点和组方规律分析。结果:在符合条件的125个治疗瘿病内服方剂中,通过软件数据分析系统得到了常用29种中药和用药频次,常用药物组合17组及药物关联规则,24组新药物组合及12首新方,并绘出网络展示图。古代瘿病常用药分类:化痰软坚类、疏肝理气类、活血化瘀类、清热解毒利咽类、益气养阴类、温阳补肾类、动物甲状腺类药物等。组方规律以软坚散结、行气化痰、活血化瘀为基础。结论:本次研究得到的新药物组合24组,新方12首,对新组合和新方的研究暂未发现明显规律可循,但这弥补了单纯对古方显性组方规律总结的不足,为临床扩宽思维,更好地继承、发掘古方经验起到启示作用。     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》中风治疗的组方规律分析

[目的]基于中医传承辅助系统(V2.5),对《中医方剂大辞典》中收载的所有治疗中风的方剂进行常用药物、药对及配伍规律等方面的用药规律分析,以期为中风的治疗提供思路和方法。[方法]收集并筛选《中医方剂大辞典》中主治病症索引目录收载的主治病症为"中风""中风闭证""中风脱证"的方剂,录入中医传承辅助系统,总结高频药物、高频药对等,以探讨治疗中风的药物配伍规律。[结果]《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗中风的方剂共1 143首,筛选出符合纳入标准的方剂1 126首,共包含中药579味,对纳入的方剂进行药物频次分析,结果显示在治疗中风时最常用的药物为"风药",按功效对药物进行分类,使用频次由高到低分别是解表药、补虚药、平肝息风药等;常用的配伍分类为祛风活血、温阳解表、温阳活血等。[结论]在治疗中风时,医家比较重视"风药"的使用,并辅以活血、温阳、化痰、补益、开窍、通络之法,可以为临床治疗中风提供参考。     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗便秘的组方规律研究

目的基于无监督数据挖掘方法,探索《中医方剂大辞典》中历代便秘方剂的组方规律,并进一步演化新方,为中医治疗便秘和研发新药提供新的思路。方法采用《中医传承辅助平台》(V2.5),提取《中医方剂大词典》中治疗便秘的有效方剂,构建数据库,使用软件关联规则算法,复杂系统熵聚类等数据挖掘方法,分析治疗便秘方剂中常用的药物及其组合规律、提取核心组合形成新方。结果纳入《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗便秘的有效方剂共483首,共涉及中药297味,出现频次≥24的药物共35味,总结了常用药对及药物组合29对,关联规则分析共8条,潜在核心组合34个,并演化新方8个。治疗便秘方剂的多以推陈致新攻下的大黄、补中益气调和的甘草、活血化瘀润下的当归为主,并在不同程度上配伍枳壳、火麻仁、黄芩等行气、润下、清热的药物。并且攻下泄热、滋阴润肠是治疗便秘的重要方法。结论本研究为中医药治疗便秘的临床应用研究提供了新的思路,为便秘药物的研发提供了理论支撑。     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》治疗吞酸的组方规律研究

目的挖掘《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗吞酸的组方规律,获得药物之间的关联规则,探索基于层次聚类的吞酸新方组成,为中医药治疗吞酸提供新的思路。方法应用中医传承辅助平台系统(V2.5),构建中医药治疗吞酸的方剂数据库,分别采用频次统计、关联规则、层次聚类等数据挖掘方法,对《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗吞酸方剂中的用药频次进行统计,同时分析药物之间的关联规则、绘制网络展示图,并拟合治疗吞酸的新方组合模式。结果筛选获得《中医方剂大辞典》中吞酸方剂共57首,涉及中药104味;其中应用最多的前十位药物依次为半夏、陈皮、茯苓、甘草、吴茱萸、白术、干姜、黄连、木香、人参;通过数据挖掘共得到治疗吞酸的核心用药组合5对;拟合新方组合4个。结论治疗吞酸的药物多以健脾、和胃、清肝为主,其中健脾和胃、疏肝行气为治疗吞酸的重要方法,本研究也为中医药治疗吞酸的临床应用以及与其相应的基础研究的开展提供了理论支撑。     

基于中医传承辅助平台分析《中医方剂大辞典》中地龙组方规律

目的 基于中医传承辅助平台分析《中医方剂大辞典》（第一版）中含地龙方剂组方规律，为地龙现代临床应用和产品研发提供理论依据。方法 整理《中医方剂大辞典》中含地龙的方剂，录入中医传承辅助平台（V2.5）软件，建立数据库，统计配伍药物频次、性味归经频次、主治病证频次；使用平台软件内置的关联规则、改进的互信息法等数据挖掘方法分析含地龙方剂的核心药物组合。选择频次较高的病证“痹证”和“跌打损伤”进行用药关联规则、核心药物组合和新方组合分析。结果 共筛选出含地龙方剂281首，包含药物287味，常用组合药物组合29种（频次≥20）；配伍药物药性四气以温、寒频次为多，二者共占总频次的73.5%；五味以辛味频次最高，苦、甘、咸频次各次之，此四者共占总频次的95.9%；归经频次以肝、脾、心、胃、膀胱、肾、肺经居多前7位（频次均≥400），占总频次的91.8%。含地龙方剂主治病证共103种，其中频次≥6的病证有18种，常用配伍药物29组（频次≥20），核心药物组合（支持度20%）为制川乌、乳香、没药、当归、麝香。分析“痹证”和“跌打损伤”用药规律，得到治疗“痹证”病证关联药物15组（置信度为1），核心药物组合（支持度31.8%）为制川乌、制草乌、乳香、没药、威灵仙、五灵脂，新方组合8组；得到治疗“跌打损伤”病证关联药物2520组（置信度为0.9），核心药物组合（支持度31.5%）为制川乌、乳香、没药、自然铜、苏木、当归、血竭，新方组合6组。结论 《中医方剂大辞典》中地龙多与活血化瘀类、祛风湿类药物配伍，组方用药法度清晰。利用中医传承辅助平台分析含地龙方剂能够科学、直观体现地龙的组方规律。；分析主治病证所得的核心用药能反映疾病的基本治法，符合临床应用实际。研究所获得的核心药物组合和新方组合可能为临床应用和新药研发提供参考和借鉴。     

基于数据挖掘和网络药理学探讨中医药治疗乳腺癌的用药规律及作用机制

目的 探讨中医药防治乳腺癌的用药规律及作用机制.方法 以《肿瘤良方大全》《肿瘤方剂大辞典》《中医肿瘤学》《乳腺癌与乳腺增生》《药典临床用药中药成方制剂》文献为数据来源,运用中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)挖掘中药治疗乳腺癌的用药规律及核心处方,并利用网络药理学方法分析其核心处方的潜在作用机制.结果 最终纳入297首中药方剂...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.