香菇多糖抗肿瘤作用及其机制的研究

目的：运用中医“药食同源”的原理，研究香菇多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用及其机制。方法：制备S180荷瘤小鼠动物模型，随机分为荷瘤对照组，低、中、高剂量组；通过测定荷瘤小鼠的瘤重、抑瘤率及瘤体比观察香菇多糖对肿瘤生长的影响；通过检测脾细胞的增殖分化、NK细胞的活性以及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，研究香菇多糖对荷瘤小鼠非特异性免疫和细胞免疫功能的影响。结果：香菇多糖能明显减小S180荷瘤小鼠的瘤重和瘤体比（P〈0．05），明显抑制肿瘤的生长（P〈0．05），低、中、高剂量组的平均抑瘤率分别为37％、46％、490%；明显增强S180荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能（P〈0．05）；明显提高S180荷瘤小鼠脾细胞的转化功能和NK细胞的活性（P〈0．05）。结论：香菇多糖能明显抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长，其作用机制可能是通过增强荷瘤小鼠的非特异性免疫功能和细胞免疫功能。     

软骨多糖诱导小鼠S180细胞凋亡的作用机制

目的研究软骨多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的作用,并探讨其抑瘤作用机制。方法采用小鼠肉瘤S180细胞建立动物腹水瘤模型,通过腹腔注射软骨多糖进行治疗,治疗期间抽取腹水瘤细胞进行细胞生物学分析。通过HE染色,流式细胞术、TUNEL法检测细胞形态学方面、细胞周期及凋亡率的变化情况;通过免疫荧光方法检测Fas、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达情况。结果软骨多糖可以明显提高S180荷瘤小鼠的生存率,细胞形态学观察可见细胞出现细胞质浓缩、核固缩及凋亡小体等现象。软骨多糖作用后的S180细胞,其细胞周期被阻遏于G2/M期,Fas蛋白的表达水平于给药24 h后升高,增殖细胞核抗原PCNA表达下降。结论软骨多糖可能通过影响肿瘤细胞周期和Fas、PCNA蛋白的表达来诱导S180细胞凋亡,并显著抑制肿瘤细胞的生长,延长S180荷瘤小鼠的生存时间,研究证实动物软骨多糖具有潜在的药用价值。     

鳖甲多糖抗肿瘤免疫调节作用及其机理的研究

[目的]探讨鳖甲多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤免疫调节作用及其机理。[方法]制备S180荷瘤小鼠动物模型,随机分为荷瘤对照组(Ⅰ)、鳖甲多糖低剂量组(Ⅱ)、中剂量组(Ⅲ)和高剂量组(Ⅳ);通过测定荷瘤小鼠的瘤重、抑瘤率及瘤体比观察鳖甲多糖对肿瘤生长的影响;通过检测半数溶血值(HC50)、T淋巴细胞转化功能、脾细胞的增殖分化、NK细胞的活性以及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,研究鳖甲多糖对荷瘤小鼠体液免疫、细胞免疫和非特异性免疫功能的影响。[结果]鳖甲多糖能明显减小S180荷瘤小鼠的瘤重和瘤体比(P<0.05),能明显抑制肿瘤的生长(P<0.05),(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ)、(Ⅳ)组的平均抑瘤率分别为30%、37%、45%;鳖甲多糖能明显改善S180荷瘤小鼠半数溶血值(P<0.05);鳖甲多糖能明显提高荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞的转化功能、脾细胞的转化功能和NK细胞的活性(P<0.05);鳖甲多糖能明显增强S180荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能(P<0.05)。[结论]鳖甲多糖能明显抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,其机理可能是通过增强荷瘤小鼠的特异性免疫功能和非特异性免疫功能。     

女贞子多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的研究女贞子多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法用LPS及ConA分别刺激B淋巴细胞及T淋巴细胞,研究女贞子多糖对荷瘤小鼠B淋巴细胞及T淋巴细胞的影响;用Yac-1细胞作为靶细胞,研究其对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞的影响,同时也研究女贞子多糖对单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能的作用。结果女贞子多糖促进了荷瘤小鼠脾脏B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞的增殖,提高其NK细胞活性,同时,增强了荷瘤小鼠单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。结论女贞子多糖提高了荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能。     

灵芝孢子多糖对荷瘤小鼠的免疫调节作用

目的:研究灵芝孢子多糖对荷艾氏腹水癌(EC)和S180肉瘤小鼠的免疫调节作用。方法:研究灵芝孢子多糖对EC荷瘤小鼠体液免疫功能及网状内皮系统吞噬功能的影响,并采用流式细胞术研究灵芝孢子多糖对S180肉瘤荷瘤小鼠外周血淋巴细胞亚群CD3 CD8 杀伤性T淋巴细胞、CD3 CD4 辅助性T淋巴细胞、CD4 CD25 调节性T淋巴细胞的影响,以及对S180肉瘤荷瘤小鼠自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)活性的影响。结果:灵芝孢子多糖明显提高EC荷瘤小鼠的血清半数溶血值,并显著提高荷瘤小鼠的廓清指数K及吞噬系数α值。此外灵芝孢子多糖对S180肉瘤荷瘤小鼠外周血杀伤性T淋巴细胞亚群和辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群有一定的增强作用,但对调节性T淋巴细胞亚群并无明显作用。灵芝孢子多糖还可增强S180肉瘤荷瘤小鼠NK细胞的杀伤活性。结论:灵芝孢子多糖可以提高荷艾氏腹水癌和S180肉瘤小鼠的免疫系统功能。     

软骨多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠Bcl-2和Bad表达的影响

目的通过软骨多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠实体瘤Bcl-2和Bad蛋白表达的影响研究软骨多糖抑瘤作用机理。方法皮下注射S180细胞建立动物实体瘤模型,将小鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组和软骨多糖给药组,连续腹腔注射生理盐水或软骨多糖21 d,取实体瘤制成石蜡切片;应用常规HE染色法观察细胞形态学变化,免疫组化SP法检测Bcl-2和Bad的表达情况,并比较酶解法和加热法进行的抗原修复对脱片率的影响。结果软骨多糖有效抑制了S180肉瘤的生长,Bcl-2的阳性表达率由（70.45±8.89）%降至（24.19±4.32）%,Bad的表达率由（4.14±1.35）%升至（18.89±3.15）%。酶解法进行抗原修复的脱片率要小于加热法。结论软骨多糖通过显著降低Bcl-2的表达水平和提高Bad的表达水平而诱导细胞凋亡,从而抑制了S180肿瘤细胞的生长;软骨多糖是一种新型的抗肿瘤活性物质。     

红茂草对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 观察红茂草(Herba dicranostigmae)对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响,从免疫学角度探讨红茂草抑制肿瘤的作用机制.方法 昆明种小鼠随机分为生理盐水组、卡介苗组、红茂草0.2g/kg组、红茂草1.0g/kg组、红茂草5.0g/kg组.在小鼠体内建立S180肉瘤移植肿瘤模型,经腹腔注射给予不同剂量的红茂草,连续注射10 d,测定红茂草抑瘤率,观察红茂草对小鼠免疫器官的影响;测定红细胞C3b受体花环率和免疫复合物花环率,观察红茂草对小鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响;四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法测定红茂草对小鼠脾脏和胸腺淋巴细胞、腹腔巨噬细胞的增殖、外周血NK细胞和体内IL-2的活性;鸡红细胞半体内法观察红茂草对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响;溶血素法测定红茂草对小鼠血清中IgG水平的影响.结果 红茂草对S180肉瘤有明显的抑制作用,不同剂量红茂草对荷瘤小鼠红细胞、脾脏和胸腺淋巴细胞、腹腔巨噬细胞、外周血NK细胞、IL-2的免疫活性及体内IgG水平产生不同程度影响.转论红茂草可通过调节小鼠机体免疫功能抑制S180肉瘤细胞的增殖.     

甲壳胺对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:研究甲壳胺对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响.方法:建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,随机分为生理盐水对照组、甲壳胺处理组和环磷酰胺处理组,MTT法检测甲壳胺对荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化率、自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)活性的影响,并观察TNF-α、IL-2等免疫指标的变化.结果:甲壳胺处理组小鼠的脾脏淋巴细胞转化率和NK细胞活性显...     

桑黄粗多糖抗肿瘤及对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能影响的研究

目的 研究桑黄粗多糖的抗肿瘤作用及对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 体外培养S180肉瘤细胞．接种健康小鼠，建立荷瘤小鼠模型。将小鼠随机分组，①蒸馏水组②桑黄粗多糖高、中、低剂量组。观察计算抑瘤率、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬指数及吞噬率、外周血淋巴细胞转化率、血清溶血素水平、以及血清中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-4含量。结果 桑黄粗多糖高、中、低剂量组对小鼠S180肉瘤均有抑制作用，能明显提高荷瘤小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬指数与吞噬率、外周血淋巴细胞转化率及血清溶血素水平，并能提高血清中细胞因子TNF-α含量，对血清中细胞因子IL-4含量的影响作用不显著。结论 桑黄粗多糖具有抗肿瘤以及增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的作用。     

厚壳贻贝多糖的提取和免疫学活性研究

目的:深入研究海洋生物多糖的药用价值,对厚壳贻贝多糖进行提取分离和免疫学活性的研究.方法:通过热碱法提取厚壳贻贝多糖粗品,用双蒸水配成三种浓度的厚壳贻贝多糖溶液,然后对其进行正常小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验、迟发型变态反应、NK细胞活性测定、抗体生成细胞的检测、碳廓清实验、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞等实验,并用MTT法对荷瘤小鼠进行了脾淋巴细胞增殖活力测定.结果:成功获得厚壳贻贝多糖粗品,呈白色粉末状;各项免疫学活性测定结果表明厚壳贻贝多糖粗品溶液能有效地增加正常小鼠的脾淋巴细胞转化率,增强小鼠迟发型变态反应、NK细胞活性、抗体形成细胞活性、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞百分率(P<0.01),且随多糖溶液浓度增高而增强(各浓度组间相比P<0.01);厚壳贻贝粗品溶液还能非常显著地提高荷瘤小鼠的脾脏细胞的增殖能力(P<0.01).结论:厚壳贻贝多糖能从细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能及NK细胞活性方面促进正常小鼠的免疫活性作用,并具有明显的抗肿瘤作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.