关龙胆根的化学成分研究

[目的]研究关龙胆根的化学成分.[方法]采用各种色谱方法进行分离纯化,根据物理化学性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构.[结果]从关龙胆根的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水饱和正丁醇萃取物中分离鉴定了9个单体化合物,分别为3,5,7,4′-四羟基黄酮(1)、红白金花内酯(2)、gentiaphyllide-D(3)、2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(4)、龙胆苦苷(5)、6′-O-β-D-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷(6)、獐牙菜苦苷(7)、落干酸(8)、6′-O-(2-羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-苯甲酰基)-獐牙菜苷(9).[结论]化合物2,3,4,6和9是首次从该植物中分离得到的.     

宁夏枸杞叶中的化学成分

目的研究中药宁夏枸杞叶中的化学成分。方法使用70%乙醇对宁夏枸杞叶进行提取,所得浸膏混悬后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取。分别取乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层,使用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备液相色谱及薄层色谱等色谱技术进行分离纯化,利用理化常数和核磁共振、质谱等波谱学技术对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果从宁夏枸杞叶70%乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取层和正丁醇萃取层中分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别为对甲氧基苯甲酸(1),对甲氧基肉桂酸(2),东莨菪素(3),对羟基苯甲醛(4),对羟基苯乙酮(5),(Z)-2-亚乙基-3-甲基丁二酸(6),槲皮素(7),腺苷(8),东莨菪苷(9),芦丁(10)。结论化合物1,2,4,6,8为首次从枸杞属植物中分离得到,化合物3,5,9为首次从宁夏枸杞叶中分离得到。     

日本路边青的化学成分研究

目的 研究日本路边青Geum japonicum全草的化学成分.方法 以硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等多种色谱方法分离,制备高效液相色谱,纯化得到单体化合物,以各种有机波谱鉴定化合物结构.结果 分离得到14个化合物,鉴定为坡模酸(pomolic acid,Ⅰ)、1β,2α,19α-trihydroxy-3-OXO-12-ursen-28-oic acid(Ⅱ)、3β-O-trans-ferulyl-2α,19α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid(Ⅲ)、2α-羟基乌苏酸(corosolic acid,Ⅳ)、2v,3β,19v,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(V)、乌苏酸(ursolic acid,Ⅵ)、2α-羟基齐墩果酸(maslinic acid,Ⅶ)、2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oicacid(Ⅷ)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(tormic acid,Ⅸ)、蔷薇酸(euscaphic acid,Ⅹ)、goreishic acid(Ⅺ)、swinhoeic acid(Ⅻ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,ⅩⅢ)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,ⅩⅣ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅺ～ⅩⅣ为首次从日本路边青中分离得到.     

柴胡白芍药对化学成分研究

目的:研究柴胡-白芍药对的化学成分。方法:对柴胡-白芍药对的正丁醇萃取组份进行分离。利用正相硅胶柱色谱、反相柱色谱法进行分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果:分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为白芍苷(1),邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(2),没食子酸乙酯(3),柴胡皂苷b2(4),香叶醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5),5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenylβ-D-glucopyranoside(6),芍药苷(7),柴胡皂苷d(8),柴胡皂苷a(9),山奈酚(10),马钱苷(11),3β,1β,29-三羟基齐墩果烷-12-烯-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12),旱莲苷Ⅰ(13)。结论:化合物2、6、11-13为首次从柴胡-白芍药对中分离得到。     

玉叶金花化学成分研究

目的 研究玉叶金花的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20柱色谱对玉叶金花进行分离纯化,通过波谱解析和理化性质对结构进行鉴定.结果 从玉叶金花三氯甲烷部位和乙酸乙酯部位分离鉴定了8个化合物:β-谷甾醇(1),熊果酸(2),乙基降麦角甾烯醇(3),月桂醇(4),东莨菪内酯(5),水杨酸(6),玉叶金花苷酸甲酯(7),山栀子苷甲酯(8).结论 化合物3~6均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

桑椹的化学成分研究

目的 研究桑椹的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、制备HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化,采用理化性质结合波谱数据解析鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从桑椹的70%(体积分数)乙醇提取物中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为aurantiamide(1),细胞松弛素B(2),(22E)-24-methyl-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(3),(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(4),7β-羟基谷甾醇(5),β-谷甾醇(6),胡萝卜苷(7).结论 化合物1~5为首次从桑椹中分离得到.     

大蓟炭化学成分的研究

目的:研究大蓟炭70%乙醇提取物氯仿和乙酸乙酯萃取部分的化学成分.方法:利用大孔吸附树脂、Sephadex LH-20、ODS及正相硅胶柱等色谱手段进行分离,通过对波谱学数据分析,并与文献对照进行化舍物的结构鉴定.结果:从氯仿和乙酸乙酯萃取部分共分离得到8个化合物,经鉴定为柳穿鱼黄素、柳穿鱼叶苷、刺槐素、刺槐苷、香叶木素、槲皮素、5,7,8.三羟基-6,4'-二甲氧基黄酮、邻苯二酚.所有化合物均系首次从大蓟炭中分离得到,其中化合物5.7,8.三羟基-6,4'-二甲氧基黄酮、邻苯二酚系首次从大蓟中分离得到.     

猫人参化学成分研究

目的 对猫人参Actinidia valvata根的化学成分进行研究.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱方法鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从猫人参根乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离鉴定了10个化合物,结构鉴定为2α,3α,24-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅰ)、2β,3β,23-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(毛花猕猴桃酸B)(Ⅱ)、2α,3β,19,23-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅲ)、2α,3β,24-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅳ)、积雪草酸(Ⅴ),3β-(反式-P-香豆素酰基)-2α,24-二羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅵ)、3β-(反式-P-香豆素酰基)-2α,23-二羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅶ)、熊果酸(Ⅷ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅸ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅹ).结论 以上化合物均系首次从该植物中分离得到.     

竹黄菌发酵液化学成分研究

目的研究竹黄菌发酵液的化学成分。方法从竹黄菌发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取部分运用色谱方法分离纯化化合物,并通过理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的化学结构。结果从竹黄发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取部分,分离得到6个化合物,分别为：棕榈酸甲酯（1）;棕榈酸（2）;5α,8α-epidiory-（22E,24R）-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol（3）;D-阿洛醇（4）;胡萝卜苷（5）;4-羟基-苯甲酸（6）。结论所有化合物均为首次从该真菌中分离得到。     

夏枯草茎叶中三萜类成分研究

目的 研究夏枯草茎叶中的化学成分.方法 采用正反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、ODS柱层析等手段,对夏枯草茎叶体积分数80％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位进行分离纯化,再采用紫外、红外、质谱法进行结构鉴定.结果 从夏枯草茎叶中分离得到7个乌苏烷型三萜类化合物:乌苏酸(1)、1β,3β-二羟基乌苏烷-12烯-28-酸(2)、2α,3β-二羟基乌苏烷-12烯-28-酸(3)、3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖-19α-羟基-乌苏烷-12烯-28-酸(4)、3β,23-二羟基-乌苏烷-12烯-28-酸(5)、2α,3β,19α,23β-四羟基乌苏烷-12烯-28-酸(6)、3α,19α,23,24-四羟基-乌苏烷-12烯-28-酸(7).结论 化合物2、4～7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.