增生性玻璃体视网膜病变增生膜中内皮素的表达

目的：检测内皮素(ET)在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)增生膜中的表达．方法：手术切取14例PVR患的增生膜，分为PVR／C3和PVRD级，以ET-1抗体用免疫组织化学方法检测ET-1在增生膜的分布．结果：PVR患的增生膜14例，其中PVR／C3级膜8例，D级膜6例，内皮素均有表达．ET-1分布于增生膜中的细胞和细胞外基质中，PVR／C3级的PRM中，可见细胞成分较多，细胞外基质较少，界限模糊，阳性细胞比例占36／78，并在膜边缘染色加深．D级PRM细胞较少，细胞外基质较多，界限清晰，并在膜表面染色加深，膜边缘的细胞呈长形，核呈深兰色染的长条状，阳性细胞比例占23／45．结论：内皮素参与PVR的形成，增生膜中细胞表达并分泌内皮素，膜边缘的浓染提示与膜表面收缩有关．     

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变增生膜中survivin基因的表达

目的：探讨凋亡抑制基因survivin在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)增生膜中的表达．方法：玻璃体手术中取出的10例PVR患的增生膜，应用免疫组织化学方法(SABC法)检测增生膜中survivin基因的表达．结果：10例增生膜中，6例表达阳性．阳性染色位于膜上大部分细胞的胞质内及细胞外基质中。结论：Survivin基因的异常表达引起细胞的凋亡抑制，在PVR的发生中起一定作用。     

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变组织中的T淋巴细胞与HLA-DR抗原

目的：研究免疫介导过程在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVP）发生中的作用，方法：应用特异性单克隆抗体和免疫组织化学染色的方法对视网膜玻璃体手术取材标本，包括PVRB级玻璃体手术集取物以及PVR，C，D级增生膜进行观察，检测其中，CD3，CD4，CD8和HLA－DR的表达情况，结果：7例PVRB级的标本中，6例（85．7％）有CD8阳性细胞，2例（28．5％）同时有CD4阳性细胞，未发现CD8阳性细胞，2例（28．5％）有HLA－DR阳性表达细胞存在，10例（71．4％）有CD4阳性表达细胞，5例（35．7％）有CD8阳性表在,9例（64．3％）有HLA－DR阳性表达，结论，PVR病变组织臁增生膜有T淋巴细胞的存在，提示有T与PVR的病变过程，及自身免疫反应的可能。     

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变增生膜中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达

目的：观察PVR增生膜中α－平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA)的表达,方法：用免疫组化染色法和免疫荧光法对14例视网部离伴PVR行玻切术时切除地增生膜（PRM）进行检查,结果：免疫组化染色法显示α－SMA在14例PRM中均有表达,位于胞质中,其分布与PRM的收缩方向一致,在200倍视野下,PRMC级膜中α－SMA阳性细胞比例为35／80,D级膜中αSMA阳性细胞比例为50／60,免疫荧光法结果与染色法相符,荧光定量分析,PRMC级膜中α－SMA阳性荧光总量12．31,D级膜中α－SMA阳性荧光总量20．09,约为C级膜的1．88倍（P＜0．01）,结论：α－SMA 在于PVR增生膜中,与病变程度和膜的收缩过程有关。     

HGF在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变增生膜中的表达

目的观察肝细胞生长因子（hepatocyte growth factor,HGF）在实验性增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（proliferative vitreoretinopathy,PVR）增生膜中的表达。方法采用玻璃体腔内注入体外培养兔视网膜色素上皮（retinal pigment epithelium,RPE）细胞法建立PVR动物模型,免疫组织化学法检测PVR增生膜中HGF的表达。结果 HGF在造模后7天已经有高表达,30天后达到高峰,60天时较30天表达略下降。结论 HGF在实验性PVR动物模型中高表达,提示HGF参与了PVR增生膜的形成。     

粘附分子CD44v6在增生性视网膜前膜中的表达

目的 观察增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）的视网膜前膜（ERM）中粘附分子CIM4v6的表达。方法 用免疫组织化学方法检测了41例41只PVR患眼行玻璃体切割术时剥离的ERM的CD44v6表达。其中PVR—C级膜24例，D级膜17例。结果 CD44v6在29例ERM中有阳性表达，阳性表达率71％；PVR-C级膜和D级膜中阳性表达率分别为63％和82％，两者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 在PVR的ERM中可表达CD44v6，提示粘附分子在PVR的发生发展中起一定作用。     

人肝细胞生长因子受体在视网膜交膜中的表达

目的 观察增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）的视网膜前膜（ERM）中肝细胞生长因子受体（HGFR）的表达情况。方法 对15例复杂的裂孔性视网膜脱离并发PVR患者行玻璃体切除术时，对剥离的视网膜前膜进行免疫组化染色，观察HGFR的表达情况。结果 HGFR在6例PVR－C级膜标本中，5例HGFR阳性表达，阳性表达率为83．3％，9例PVD－D级增殖膜标本中，有7例HGFR阳性表达，阳性表达率为77．8％。C级和D级的增殖膜HGFR阳性表达率无显著性差别（P＞0．05）。结论 提示HGF在PVR的形成和发展中有一定作用。     

蛇毒降纤酶对兔眼外伤性PVR增殖性细胞核抗原表达的影响

目的:探讨蛇毒降纤酶对外伤性增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)玻璃体中增殖性细胞核抗原(pro liferating ce llnuclear an tigen,PCNA)的影响。方法:对20只兔子采用兔眼后节穿通伤加注血法或/和加蛇毒降纤酶制备实验模型,随机分成正常对照组(20眼)、全血组(10眼)、蛇毒降纤酶组(10眼)。利用免疫组化SP法观察实验各组,检测PVR玻璃体腔增殖膜中PCNA的含量。结果:蛇毒降纤酶组增殖膜中PCNA阳性细胞数为30±8,全血组为9±4;蛇毒降纤酶组增殖膜中PCNA的阳性表达低于全血组(P<0.01)。结论:蛇毒降纤酶能够降低PVR玻璃体腔PCNA的表达,抑制PVR的发生、发展。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.