成人先天性心脏病膜部室间隔缺损封堵治疗的临床评价

目的:对成人先天性心脏病膜部室间隔缺损病例经导管Amplatzer法封堵治疗,随访3~6月,评价其疗效及安全性.方法:术前所有病例经胸超声心动图初筛选,左室造影最终筛选确定具有适应症的10例成人膜部室缺病例,其中5例伴室间隔膜部瘤,男性8例,女性2例,年龄18~49岁(37±12),身高153~170cm(132±40),术中所有病例均使用经胸超声心动图(TTE)监测,封堵器均选用Amplatzer封堵伞.封堵术后1、2、3、6月随访TTE,X线观察疗效和安全性.结果:10例封堵手术成功,即刻手术成功率100%,无残余分流,主动脉瓣及房屋瓣未累及,未发生感染性心内膜炎、房屋传导阻滞等并发症,封堵伞位置良好.结论:对具有适应症的成人膜部室缺(伴或不伴有膜部瘤),选择Amplatzer封堵介入治疗认为是有效、安全的.     

Amplatzer封堵器治疗膜部空间隔缺损7例临床观察

目的 :观察 Amplatzer封堵器治疗膜部室间隔缺损的治疗效果。方法 :膜部室间隔缺损 7例 ,年龄 12 .5± 4 .5岁 ,室缺直径 5 .1± 0 .8mm ,经鞘管送入 Amplatzer室间隔缺封堵器对室缺进行封堵 ,术中和术后应用左心室造影和超声心动图观察封堵效果。结果 :手术时间 35～ 12 0 min,平均 5 8min,术中和术后应用左心室造影和超声心动图观察无残余分流和主动脉瓣反流。结论 :经导管送入 Amplatzer封堵器治疗膜部室间隔缺损成功率高 ,近期疗效可靠     

膜周部室间隔缺损介入治疗的中远期疗效

目的评价非对称型Amplatzer室间隔缺损封堵伞治疗膜周部室间隔缺损的中远期效果。方法对采用偏心型Amplatzer室间隔缺损封堵伞治疗的膜周部室间隔缺损患者进行随访研究。结果68例患者中65例封堵成功(95·6%)。左心室造影测得缺损直径6·7mm±2·3mm,室间隔缺损上缘距离主动脉瓣2·7mm±1·1mm,选用封堵伞的直径为8·4mm±2·1mm,封堵伞心尖标记均位于5∶30至6∶00之间。平均随访221d±130d(90~750d),术后24h内出现短暂的结性心律和加速性室性自主节律各1例,术后即刻有28例患者实现室间隔水平残余分流消失,53例第2天也取得同样疗效,6个月时缺损完全闭塞;3例患者术前存在轻度主动脉伴返流,随访期间返流无变化;1例术前伴有轻度二尖瓣返流患者,术后无变化;术前4例三尖瓣关闭不全患者,有1例在术后第二天返流消失,其余3例于3个月随访时超声心动图检查发现三尖瓣返流消失。1例患者术后发生下肢深静脉血栓;随访期间,无死亡,无心内膜炎,无封堵伞移位和封堵伞钢丝断裂,无封堵伞表面血栓形成,无新发主动脉瓣和三尖瓣关闭不全等并发症发生。结论非对称型Amplatzer室间隔缺损封堵伞治疗膜周部室间隔缺损中远期效果好,安全、可行。     

食道超声下单纯经股静脉封堵膜周型室间隔缺损技术的临床应用

目的：探讨食道超声引导下行单纯经股静脉路径封堵膜周型室间隔缺损的可行性及安全性。方法：选择 2014年1月1日至2016年5月31日在中南大学湘雅二医院就诊的膜周型室间隔缺损患者26例,年龄3.2~6.0(4.3±0.7)岁, 体重15.0~19.5(16.7±1.4) kg,直径3.5~4.8(4.1±0.3) mm。患者均在食道超声引导下行单纯经股静脉路径封堵膜周型室间 隔缺损,封堵后以食道超声和经胸超声检查评价治疗效果。患者术后第1,3,6,12个月在门诊复查随访。结果：20 例患者在食道超声引导下成功完成经股静脉膜周型室间隔缺损封堵术,成功率76.9%。2例因建立轨道失败,4例因输 送鞘未能沿导丝通过室间隔缺损,均改经胸小切口,封堵成功。20例患者全部使用等边型室间隔缺损封堵器,封堵 器直径为6.0~7.0(6.2±0.4) mm,手术操作时间为12.0~64.0(26.8±6.3) min,ICU滞留时间1.8~2.4(2.1±0.3) h,住院时间为 4.0~5.0(4.4±0.5) d。术后即刻微量残余分流3例,不完全右束支传导阻滞3例。所有患者均痊愈出院,且无外周血管损 伤、三尖瓣返流、心包填塞及肺部感染等并发症。患者术后均定期随访,随访第1个月时3例微量残余分流患者微量 残余分流消失,3例不完全右束支传导阻滞患者恢复正常心律。所有患者未出现封堵器脱落、残余分流、心包积液、 心律失常(房室传导阻滞)和主动脉瓣及三尖瓣返流等并发症。结论：食道超声引导下行单纯经股静脉封堵膜周型室 间隔缺损是可行的且安全有效的介入技术。     

经胸超声心动图在膜部瘤型室缺封堵中的应用价值

目的探讨经胸超声心动图（TTE）在膜部瘤型室间隔缺损介入封堵中应用价值。方法2006年6月-2012年12月使用PhilipsSonos5500型彩色超声心动图诊断仪,探头频率为2．5～3．5MHz。通过经胸超声心动图在术前筛选出适合介入封堵的膜部瘤型室间隔缺损83例,术中指导选择合适型号封堵器,一般根据室间隔缺损的最大径加2～4mm选择并引导封堵器的释放,并即刻评价封堵效果,效果满意后释放封堵器。术后1～12个月随访。结果81例封堵成功。植入封堵器后分流消失或为微量残余分流,三尖瓣反流量较术前没有增加。主动脉瓣功能正常。2例封堵不成功。结论经胸超声心动图在膜部瘤型室间隔缺损介入封堵术前选择病例、术中引导和术后随访中有重要价值。精确的室间隔缺损的分型和最大伸展径的测量是膜部瘤型室缺封堵成功的关键。     

儿童膜部室间隔缺损介入治疗的方法学和临床效果

目的 总结评价Amplatzer法介入治疗膜部室间隔缺损的方法及临床治疗效果.方珐308例膜部室间隔缺损的患儿,应用Amplatzer封堵器行室间隔缺损封堵术.造影结果显示室间隔缺损口平均(5.8±3.1)mm,其中69例伴有膜部瘤形成,7例为多发孔型缺损,4例为嵴内型缺损,3例造影显示有轻度主动脉瓣脱垂.结果 308例患儿中295例(95.8%)封堵成功,其中257例应用对称型封堵器,22例应用非对称型封堵器,16例应用小腰大边型封堵器.手术时间(68±31)min,X线透视时间(27±18)min.所选的封堵器大小为(7.8±2.5)mm.69例伴有膜部瘤形成的室间隔缺损患儿中68例成功封堵.4例嵴内型缺损均选用非对称型封堵器.3例造影有轻度主动脉瓣脱垂者.封堵术后行主动脉根部造影显示主动脉瓣反流消失.295例封堵成功的患儿中,术后造影显示即刻完伞封堵263例(89.2%),残余分流32例(10.9%).术后24 h超声心动图检查完伞封堵者为287例(97.3%),术后1、6和12个月超声心动图检查示封堵成功的患儿均无残余分流.随访过程中无封堵器的移位及破裂.2例术后即刻出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,1例术后1个月出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,治疗3-4 d内均转为正常.结论 Amplatzer法介入治疗膜部室间隔缺损具有较高的成功率,是一种安伞有效的方法,伴有膜部瘤形成的室间隔缺损是介入治疗良好的适应证,部分嵴内型缺损和伴有轻度主动脉瓣反流的病例可采用该方法.     

经胸超声心动图在膜周型室间隔缺损封堵术中的应用

目的探讨经胸超声心动图(TTE)在膜周型室间隔缺损(PVSD)经导管封堵术中的应用价值.方法应用TTE观察40例PVSD的位置、大小、形态、数目以及与周围结构的关系,监测与引导封堵过程,判断封堵器释放后的位置、是否影响房室瓣功能,有无残余分流,并随访疗效.结果 TTE测量PVSD大小:2.70～10.20mm[(5.56±1.20)mm],其上缘距主动脉瓣环的距离:0～6.00mm[(3.50±1.70)mm];左心室造影PVSD测值:3.00～12.00mm[(6.15±1.45)mm],PVSD大小超声测值与左室造影测值相关非常显著(r=0.901 3,P＜0.01),二者之间的差值:[(0.46±0.41)mm].PVSD封堵成功率97.5%(39/40),封堵器释放后,2例可见少许残余分流,3个月后残余分流消失;术后24h,1例患者出现间歇性房室传导阻滞,治疗3d后恢复正常.术后3d～1年复查TTE,封堵器位置良好,未影响周围瓣膜运动,未出现新的主动脉瓣和三尖瓣返流,也无溶血、心内膜炎、血栓等并发症.结论 TTE对经导管介入治疗PVSD的术前病例筛选、术中引导和监测、术后随访疗效具有重要作用.     

应用新型Amplatzer封堵器介入治疗膜周部室间隔缺损

目的　应用新型Amplatzer偏心性封堵器治疗膜周部室间隔缺损 (perimembraneventricularseptaldefect,PMVSD)并对其疗效进行观察。方法　 19例PMVSD患者均通过经胸超声心动图确诊 ,术中经左心室造影明确缺损直径为 3 -10mm ,平均 5 .8mm ,经左心系统、室间隔缺损处、右心系统建立导丝轨道 ,沿导丝经输送鞘管送直径 6-12mm(平均 8mm)的Amplatzer封堵器至缺损处行封堵 ;术后 2 4h、1月、3月、6月和 12月分别行经胸超声及X线检查观察临床疗效。结果　全组技术成功率 10 0 % ,术中未发生任何重要并发症。全部患者封堵后无一例存在残余分流 ,术后即刻完全封堵率 10 0 % ,术后 2 4h、1月、3月、6月和 12月经胸超声心动图检查无残余分流 ,X线检查全部显示肺血减少 ,心胸比例不同程度缩小。 1例患者术后出现完全性左束支传导阻滞 ,1个月后随访时消失。结论　经导管置入新型Amplatzer偏心性膜部室间隔缺损封堵器治疗PMVSD是一种安全 ,成功率高、近期疗效可靠的介入方法 ,其远期疗效需进一步观察。     

Amplatzer堵闭器治疗膜部室间隔缺损的疗效观察

Amplatzer堵闭器治疗膜部室间隔缺损在我国应用于临床已近2年,并取得了良好的效果,在严格选择适应证的前提下,经导管关闭膜部室间隔缺损的技术成功率很高。我们自2003年7月～2004年7月采用Amplatzer堵闭器治疗15例直径5.8～9.3mm的膜部室间隔缺损患儿,取得了较好的效果,现报告     

自制封堵器经导管闭合膜部室间隔缺损的临床应用研究

目的 :探讨用自制双盘状室间隔缺损 (室缺 )封堵器经导管闭合膜部室缺的可行性和临床疗效。方法 :6例先天性心脏病膜部室缺患者 ,男、女各 3例 ,年龄 6～ 2 2 (14 .0± 5 .6 )岁 ,均经体检、心脏超声和左心室造影确诊。用 7F输送鞘管从右心系统送入自制双盘状封堵器 ,封堵后 10 min重复左心室造影和经胸心脏超声波检查 ,观察封堵的即刻效果。术后连续心电监护 5 d。 结果 :左心室造影测量室缺直径 3～ 5 (3.6 7± 0 .82 ) m m,所用封堵器直径为 6～ 10 (7.5± 1.38) mm ,6例患者封堵均获成功。术后左心室造影、经胸心脏超声检查显示无残余分流 ,心电监护无心律失常发生。结论 :应用自制封堵器经导管闭合膜部室缺是一种安全有效的方法     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.