千佛菌对H22肝癌移植瘤抑制作用的实验研究

目的探讨不同剂量千佛菌对H22肝癌移植瘤的抑制作用。方法建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,千佛菌按300、600mg/(kg. d)分为低、高剂量,于造模次日起,按千佛菌不同剂量分别灌胃治疗;对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,连续给药3w,定期测量瘤块大小。末次给药12h后,麻醉小鼠,取血,流式细胞技术检测小鼠外周血淋巴细胞亚群水平;取脾脏检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、NK细胞杀伤活性;取胸腺及脾脏称重计算脾脏、胸腺指数;剥离瘤块,称瘤重,计算肿瘤抑制率。结果不同剂量千佛菌能够显著抑制小鼠体内肿瘤的生长,高剂量尤为明显,低、高剂量抑瘤率分别为39. 28%及55. 31%;千佛菌还能增强荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖能力;对NK细胞的杀伤活性有显著提高,与模型组相比,差异具有显著性(P 0. 05);千佛菌能促进荷瘤小鼠T细胞,尤其CD8+T细胞的增殖,纠正荷瘤小鼠CD4/CD8的比值,大剂量尤为明显,与模型组比较,差异具有显著性(P 0. 05)。结论千佛菌能够改善荷瘤小鼠机体的免疫功能,同时具有抗肿瘤作用。千佛菌可能是通过维持荷瘤小鼠脏器指数的稳定,保护小鼠的免疫器官,控制肿瘤生长;增强荷瘤小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖能力、提高NK细胞的杀伤活性及纠正荷瘤小鼠机体CD4/CD8比值的紊乱来实现的。     

益气解毒中药对急性辐射损伤的防护作用研究

目的研究以益气解毒为主要功效的中药复方对急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用。方法设空白组、模型组、氨磷汀组、安多霖组和益气解毒中药复方高、低剂量组,给药14 d。第14天给药后,除空白组外,对其他各组小鼠利用4 Gy60Coγ射线进行全身一次性照射。分别于照射后第3、7、14天检测小鼠外周血白细胞数,胸腺指数,脾脏指数,脾脏病理切片,外周血T淋巴细胞CD4+/CD8+比值,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果γ射线全身照射后,模型组小鼠外周血白细胞数显著降低,免疫脏器指数显著下降,脾脏有明显的病理改变,CD4+/CD8+比值显著升高,SOD活力显著下降,MDA含量显著升高,机体免疫力下降;于照后7 d,SOD活力和MDA含量自行恢复至正常水平;于照后14 d脾脏指数恢复至正常水平。与模型组比较,给药组脾脏病理改变较轻;照后3 d,低剂量组小鼠肝SOD活力显著增强(P0.01),MDA含量显著降低(P0.05);照后7 d,低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠脾脏指数显著提高(P0.05),低剂量组外周血T淋巴细胞CD4+/CD8+比值显著降低(P0.05);照后14 d,低剂量组小鼠胸腺指数显著提高(P0.05)。结论低剂量的益气解毒中药复方对γ射线所致的小鼠急性辐射损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

含金属硫蛋白蛋奶粉对H-22小鼠肝癌的预防作用

目的：观察含金属硫蛋白（MT）蛋奶粉对BALB/c小鼠H-22肝癌的预防作用。方法：雌性BALB/c纯系小鼠70只随机分为正常对照组(10只)、荷瘤鼠对照组(20只)、含MT蛋奶粉预防肿瘤低剂量及高剂量组(各20只)。将MT低和高剂量蛋奶粉给小鼠灌胃2周后,皮下接种H-22细胞,建立小鼠移植肿瘤模型,观察MT蛋奶粉对肿瘤出现时间及肿瘤大小和生长的影响;观察1个月后处死小鼠,MTT法检测脾脏淋巴细胞转化功能,流式细胞术检测脾脏CD4⁺、CD8⁺和CD25⁺ T细胞百分率以及细胞周期进程和凋亡的变化,³H-TdR掺入法检测CTL和NK细胞杀伤活性。结果：与荷瘤对照组相比,含MT蛋奶粉组小鼠其肿瘤生长速率显著降低（P<0.05）,淋巴细胞增殖率显著增加 （P<0.01）,脾脏CD4⁺和CD8⁺ T细胞百分率及CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）, CD25⁺ T细胞百分率和淋巴细胞凋亡百分率均显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）, NK细胞毒性显著提高 （P<0.05或P<0.01）,CTL细胞毒性亦显著增高（P<0.01）。结论：含MT蛋奶粉可明显增强荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能,对小鼠移植性肿瘤的生长起到一定程度的抑制作用。     

腔镜甲状腺手术对机体免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨腔镜甲状腺手术对机体免疫功能的影响.方法:选取130例甲状腺结节患者,分为两组,腔镜甲状腺切除术组(ET组)65例行经胸前径路腔镜甲状腺手术,传统甲状腺切除组(TT组)65例行常规手术,观察术前及术后第1、3、5天自然杀伤(NK)细胞数量;CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞百分比及CD4+/CD8+比值的变化.结果:两组患者NK细胞术后第1天均显著高于术前,术后第3天ET组NK细胞明显减少,术后第5天开始恢复,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TT组术后第3天也出现下降趋势,至术后第5天下降更明显,均明显低于术前(P＜0.05).两组患者的CD3+、CD4+T淋巴细胞、CD4+/CD8+比值术后第1天均下降,与术前相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中TT组的CD3+、CD4+T淋巴细胞百分比下降更为明显,与ET组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).ET组CD3+T淋巴细胞百分比在术后第3天恢复至正常水平,而TT组仍显著降低,与术前及与ET组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:不论是腔镜甲状腺手术还是常规手术均能在术后早期抑制机体的免疫功能,但腔镜手术后恢复至正常水平的时间更快,表明其引起的免疫抑制作用较小.     

骨髓增生异常综合征患者免疫功能检测的临床意义

①目的探讨骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS)患者免疫功能的变化及临床意义。②方法采用流式细胞术检测23例确诊但未治疗的MDS患者及20例健康志愿者的外周血淋巴细胞亚群,包括CD3+T淋巴细胞、CD3+CD4+T淋巴细胞、CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞、CD4+/CD8+的比值、B淋巴细胞(CD3-CD19+)和NK细胞[CD3-(CD16+/CD56+)]亚群比例。③结果与健康对照组相比,MDS患者外周血T淋巴细胞计数明显减低,亚群比例失衡,以CD4+的T辅助细胞亚群减低为主,CD8+的抑制性T细胞阳性率增加,CD4+细胞与CD8+细胞比例倒置,具有杀伤肿瘤细胞作用的NK细胞和B细胞数量亦低于正常人。④结论 MDS患者的免疫功能降低,检测MDS患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群表达可用于MDS患者的免疫监测。     

红豆杉多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨红豆杉多糖对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法:40只小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组及红豆杉多糖低、中、高剂量组,每组8只。除正常对照组外,其余各组小鼠皮下注射氢化可的松0.2 mg/kg,隔天1次,共14 d,制备小鼠免疫低下模型。正常对照组和模型组灌胃0.9%Na Cl溶液200 mg/kg,红豆杉多糖低、中、高剂量组分别按红豆杉多糖100、200、400 mg/kg连续14 d灌胃。采用流式细胞术检测小鼠血清中CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD19+细胞数。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD19+淋巴细胞数均明显降低,CD4+/CD8+比值明显升高(P0.01);与模型组比较,红豆杉多糖高、中、低剂量组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞及CD19+B淋巴细胞数均明显增加,中剂量组CD4+/CD8+比值明显降低(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:红豆杉多糖可增强免疫低下小鼠免疫功能,其机制可能与调节血清中T细胞亚群和B淋巴细胞有关。     

穿龙薯蓣皂苷对障碍再生性贫血小鼠骨髓T细胞亚群的影响*

[目的]观察穿龙薯蓣皂苷治疗再生障碍性贫血(简称再障)小鼠的疗效及骨髓CD3+、CD4+、CD8+的表达。[方法]建立再障小鼠模型,各组分别喂饲生理盐水、穿龙薯蓣皂苷、环孢菌素A、雷公藤多苷,连续给药14 d,取骨髓单个核细胞培养24h后,应用流式细胞术检测CD3+、CD4+、CD8+的表达水平。[结果]模型组CD3+和CD4+表达明显低于正常组(P<0.05),CD8+表达高于正常组(P<0.05),各治疗组与模型组相比均有明显差异(P<0.05),穿龙薯蓣皂苷中、高剂量组与正常组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与两阳性对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CD4+/CD8+比值:模型组低于正常组(P<0.05),中剂量组与模型组相比有明显差异(P<0.05),其余各治疗组与模型组相比均无明显差异(P>0.05)。[结论]薯蓣皂苷能调节提高再障小鼠骨髓CD3+、CD4+的表达,抑制小鼠骨髓CD8+的表达,促进CD4+/CD8+比值的恢复,从而抑制骨髓T细胞的异常激活,促进骨髓造血功能的恢复。     

二黄胶囊对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠细胞免疫的影响

目的观察二黄胶囊对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠(EAE)细胞免疫的影响。方法皮下注射髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白35-55(MOG35-55)与完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)混合的抗原,辅以腹腔注射百日咳毒素(PTX),建立EAE模型。造模后每天记录各组小鼠体质量及神经功能评分;用流式细胞仪检测小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及自然杀伤(NK)细胞;采用HE染色进行脑组织病理学观察。结果模型组小鼠造模后第9天陆续发病,第22天达到高峰,发病急性期(造模后第25天)T淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+明显比正常组增高(P<0.01),CD4/CD8比值也有所升高(P<0.05);发病缓解期(造模后第40天)T淋巴细胞亚群CD8+和NK细胞明显下降(P<0.05);病理检查发现EAE小鼠脑组织神经元细胞核固缩,小静脉周围炎性细胞浸润形成袖套样改变。二黄胶囊治疗后,EAE小鼠神经功能评分比模型组明显降低(P<0.05),脑组织炎性浸润程度减轻,发病急性期外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD4+/CD8+比值显著降低(P<0.01);恢复期T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD8+)及NK细胞明显增加(P<0.05)。结论二黄胶囊可在EAE小鼠发病的不同时期通过调节T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+)及NK细胞而起到防治EAE作用。     

铁皮枫斗颗粒对急性放射损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 观察铁皮枫斗颗粒(DCWD)对小鼠急性放射损伤的保护作用并探讨其相关机制.方法 BALB/c小鼠按质量随机分为正常对照组、单纯照射组及DCWD高、低剂量组,采用直线加速器6MV X射线4.0Gy全身单次均匀照射,给药采用照前连续灌胃,照后继续给药至小鼠活杀,观察小鼠骨髓DNA含量、外周血CD4 /CD8 比值、脾淋巴细胞CD4 /CD8 比值、淋巴细胞转化能力及脾淋巴细胞生成IL-2等指标.结果 DCWD能有效提高骨髓DNA含量及淋巴细胞转化能力,使受照小鼠淋巴细胞生成IL-2增加,通过调节CD4 、CD8 细胞亚型来保护T淋巴细胞.结论 DCWD对小鼠急性放射损伤具有保护作用,其机制与保护免疫及造血功能有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.