止血带致皮下出血并休克的不良反应1例报告

患者,男,64岁,以“左手掌皮下条索状硬结10年,加重伴小指屈曲畸形1年”于2005年12月6日入院。查:左手掌第五掌指关节处皮肤皱褶,皮下一纵行挛缩带如弓弦样感,使第五掌指关节呈屈曲90°位畸形,严重影响功能和外观。诊断为左手掌腱膜挛缩症。无高血压、冠心病及糖尿病史,心电图正     

邻指皮瓣联合“Z”字成形术治疗严重屈曲畸形的掌腱膜挛缩症

目的探讨应用邻指皮瓣联合"Z"字成形术修复严重屈曲畸形的Ⅲ期以上掌腱膜挛缩症的手术方法和临床疗效。方法 2014年9月-2017年12月,对8例Ⅲ期以上严重屈曲畸形的掌腱膜挛缩症患者,通过设计连续的"Z"字皮瓣联合邻指皮瓣,切除挛缩掌腱膜,保留神经血管束,皮瓣交叉转移后修复缺损创面,邻指皮瓣供区行游离皮肤移植。结果术后8例皮瓣全部成活,随访10～48个月,无一例复发,皮瓣质地及外形满意。按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评定:患手运动功能优7例,良1例,优良率为100%。结论应用邻指皮瓣联合"Z"字成形术修复严重屈曲畸形的掌腱膜挛缩症,术后临床效果满意,是治疗严重屈曲畸形掌腱膜挛缩症的一种有效方法。     

手部掌腱膜挛缩症的诊断与治疗

掌腱膜挛缩症是手部掌腱膜增殖性纤维变性,病变处呈条索状结节样改变,并累及表层皮肤,导致手掌指关节和指间关节屈曲挛缩的疾病.我院自1998年以来共收治此病12例,正确诊断并应用手术治疗,取得满意效果.     

掌腱膜挛缩症的诊治分析

掌腱膜挛缩症是以手部掌腱膜增殖性纤维变性为典型病理特征的疾病,病变处的掌腱膜呈索条状或结节状改变,并累及表层皮肤,从而导致掌指关节和指间关节屈曲挛缩[1]。本文回顾了我科从1998年6月至2004年4月收治的5例掌腱膜挛缩症的患者,均行手术治疗,术后效果满意。1资料与方法1.1     

显微外科方法治疗掌腱膜挛缩症的临床疗效分析

掌腱膜挛缩症多表现为单侧或双侧掌指关节、指间关节掌腱膜进行性屈曲挛缩,局部可触及串珠状、条索状结节[1].2005至2010年,我院共收治15例掌腱膜挛缩症患者,分别采用传统手术方法及显微镜下手术切除,术后疗效满意. 1.一般资料:本组15例,均为男性;年龄42～82岁,平均60岁.     

掌腱膜挛缩症中手指屈曲畸形治疗的临床研究

目的 研究掌腱膜挛缩症中手指屈曲畸形矫治方法 及其疗效.方法 本组患者17例,其中男性15例,女性2例;平均年龄58岁.均有掌腱膜挛缩症,伴小指屈曲挛缩8侧,伴环小指屈曲挛缩8侧,伴中环指屈曲挛缩1侧,伴环指屈曲挛缩2侧,共19侧.沿掌腱膜挛缩索带纵轴设计锯齿状切口,彻底切除病变的挛缩腱膜组织及其附近5 mm范围的腱膜组织.然后稍加外力松解指关节周围的挛缩组织,使手指恢复伸直位.术后2周给予手指伸直位石膏托制动.结果 所有患者随访6～24个月.锯齿形皮瓣均存活,未见神经肌腱损伤并发症.手掌部皮瓣尖角出现血运障碍2例,经换药后完全愈合.未见手指屈曲挛缩复发,手指屈伸活动度恢复优良率100%.结论 采用锯齿状切口,应注意保护皮瓣血运和指神经血管束,彻底切除松解病变的腱膜组织,可有效矫正掌腱膜挛缩引起的手指屈曲畸形,避免并发症的发生.     

类风湿关节炎合并掌腱膜挛缩症一例报道

掌腱膜挛缩症又称Dupuytren’s disease,是一种慢性进行性疾病,掌腱膜增厚导致掌指关节、近端指间关节甚至远端指间关节挛缩而不能伸直影响手部功能。合并类风湿关节炎罕见,易误诊为类风湿关节炎所致关节畸形。本文在此报道1例类风湿关节炎合并掌腱膜挛缩症的病例。临床资料患者男,74岁,因"双手指关节肿痛7月,伴挛缩4月"就诊。患者7月余前出现双手腕关节、掌指关节     

掌腱膜挛缩症50例报告

目的讨论掌腱膜挛缩症的病因，病变特点及治疗方法。方法总结和分析经手术治疗的掌腱膜挛缩症５０例７８只手。其中包括取掌腱膜作病理检查的１１例。行掌腱膜大部切除、手掌及手指挛缩皮肤“Ｚ”成形术６３只手，掌腱膜及受累皮肤一并切除后行游离植皮术１５只手。结果术后平均随访６．４年，见挛缩解除，疗效肯定，无１例复发。１４只手产生并发症如神经损伤、皮下血肿、皮片成活不良及伤口Ⅱ期愈合等占１７．８％。组织学检查结果：均为致密结缔组织增生。结论掌腱膜挛缩症国人报道较少，常发生于中、老年，男性居多，手术治疗效果肯定。为减少并发症的发生，建议在屈曲挛缩已形成功能障碍时即应手术治疗     

掌腱膜挛缩症的手术治疗

掌腱膜挛缩症是指掌筋膜及手指筋膜广泛的纤维变性 ,以皮下结节和纤维束带为特征 ;导致手指继发性屈曲挛缩畸形 ,并伴皮下脂肪变薄 ,皮肤与病变处粘连凹陷为特征的疾病[1] 。1993年以来 ,我院共收治 17例 ,均采用手术治疗 ,获得了满意的效果。一、资料与方法1.一般资料 :本组共 17例 18指 ,男 16例 ,女 1例 ;年龄43～ 65岁 ,平均 5 3岁。右手 12例 ,左手 5例。病变分型 :(1)轻度 :手指掌指关节、近侧指间关节、远侧指间关节屈曲挛缩度数的总和 <45° ;本组共 9指。 (2 )中度 :手指ＤＰ、ＰＩＰ、ＤＩＰ屈曲挛缩度数的总和为 45°～ 90° ;本…     

手掌腱膜挛缩症的诊断与显微外科治疗

掌腱膜挛缩症又称Ｄｕｐｕｙｔｒｅｎ挛缩症，是以手掌腱膜增厚、收缩、手指屈曲挛缩为特征的手部畸形，多伴有手掌皮下脂肪变薄、皮肤凹陷并与掌腱膜粘连。本病欧美国家较为多见，而国内发病率较低，文献报道亦较少［１－３］。本文总结我院近１０年所收治及作者在日本名...     

深圳市某两所小学流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学分析

目的：通过对深圳市某两所小学发生的流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学特点及差异性进行分析,为制定科学、高效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法2013年5～7月深圳市大鹏新区某两所小学爆发流行性腮腺炎,以学校为整体研究对象,分别标记为学校A（24个班,学生1210例）和学校B（27个班,学生1274例）,对比两所小学的疫情流行病学差异性。结果分析发现,学校A流行性腮腺炎发病率为4.30%,发病班级所占比54.17%,均较学校B1.73%和29.63%高,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;分析显示学校A学生出现疫病平均年龄为（11.2±1.1）岁,较学校B（9.34±1.0）岁,对比差异明显（P＜0.05）;且两组疫病患儿在接种疫苗率对比上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;但疫情发生时,学校B疫苗紧急接种率明显高于学校A,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论小学作为流行性腮腺炎爆发的主要场所之一,疫病爆发高峰季节前,针对易感染人群给予相应的疫苗接种等预防控制措施,同时加强流行性腮腺炎的监测,对于降低感染人群数量,减轻、遏制疫情有着积极的意义,值得相关防控部门重视。     

不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效分析

目的：探讨不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效。方法：2008年3月-2013年2月收治指尖离断患者80例,38例吻合指侧方静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1或1：2或2：2,平均1：2;22例吻合指腹静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1;20例未吻合静脉,术中仅吻合1条动脉,行侧切口或甲床放血。观察各组治疗效果。结果：吻合指侧方静脉组手指全部成活,无一例发生回流障碍;吻合指腹静脉组19例发生静脉危象,其中4例手指坏死;未吻合静脉组20例均发生回流障碍,其中6例手指坏死。58例获随访,随访时间6~28个月。吻合指侧方静脉组32例,指尖外形佳、指腹饱满;吻合指腹静脉组14例,指体轻度萎缩,指甲生长不平整;未吻合静脉组12例,指体萎缩明显。吻合指侧方静脉组指甲生长近平整,长度长于其他两组[（14.4±3.2）mm比（12.5±2.3）mm和（12.2±2.2）mm],远侧指间关节活动度大于其他两组[（63±5）°比（48±3）°和（45±7）°],两点分辨觉小于其他两组[（4.6±0.4）mm比（7.1±1.2）mm和（7.3±0.6）mm],感觉级别高于其他两组[S（3.45±0.39）级比S（2.57±0.42）级和S（2.55±0.49）级],差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。吻合指腹静脉组和未吻合静脉组在指甲长度、运动和感觉方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：吻合指侧方静脉能有效解决指尖再植静脉回流问题,可避免回流障碍,成活率高,促进指甲生长,可恢复 DIPJ 活动度及感觉。     

Frequency of complications of manipulation of the spine

Summary A survey of all members of the Swiss Medical Association of Manual Medicine was undertaken for the year 1989. Informative data were given by 425 respondents on the frequency of complications of manipulation as related to the spine. The number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations during 1989 (225 working days) was 805 for each respondent, and the number manipulations of the cervical spine 354. Thus, the total number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations was 342 125, and the total number of cervical manipulations was 150 450. The overall incidence of side-effects of transient complications due to cervical spine manipulation such as disturbance of consciousness or radicular signs was 1: 16716. Seventeen patients (ratio 1: 20 125) after manipulation of the lumbar spine presented, in addition to increased pain, a transient sensorimotor deficit with precise radicular distribution. Nine of the 17 patients (ratio 1: 38013) developed a progressive radicular syndrome with sensorimotor defict and radiologically verified disc herniation and had to be referred for surgery. Side effects and complications of cervical and lumbar spine manipulation are rare. Taking in to account the yearly number of manipulations performed by a single physician in Switzerland and the rate of complications, it can be calculated that a physician practicing manual medicine will encoutner one complication due to manipulation of the cervical spine in 47 years and one complication due to lumbar spine manipulation in 38 years of practice. However, it is important that a careful clinical assessment is carried out to avoid complications due to manipulation carried out on the basis of inappropriate indications. Furthermore, the decision as to which technique is indicated for any particular functional disorder of the spine should be made on the basis of rational criteria resting on a knowledge of clinical biomechanics, functional anatomy and neurophysiology. The authors recommend a prospective morbidity study to be carried out among physicians, chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists, taking into account the different indications and therapeutic techniques in relation to complications.     

Pathogenesis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Most adenomas and carcinomas of the small intestine and extrahepatic bile ducts arise in the region of the papilla of Vater. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) it is the main location for carcinomas after proctocolectomy. In many cases symptoms due to stenosis lead to diagnosis at an early tumor stage. In about 80%, curative intended resection is possible. Operability is the most relevant prognostic factor. Most ampullary carcinomas resp. carcinomas of the papilla of Vater develop from adenomatous or flat dysplastic precursor lesions. They can be sited in the ampulloduodenal part of the papilla of Vater, which is lined by intestinal mucosa. They also can develop in deeper parts of the ampulla, which are lined by pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and pancreaticobiliary-type adenocarcinoma represent the main histological types of ampullary carcinoma. Furthermore, there exist unusual types and undifferentiated carcinomas. Many carcinomas of intestinal type express the immunohistochemical marker profile of intestinal mucosa (keratin 7–, keratin 20+, MUC2+). Carcinomas of pancreaticobiliary type usually show the immunohistochemical profile of pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa (keratin 7+, keratin 20–, MUC2–). Even poorly differentiated carcinomas, as well as unusual histological types, may conserve the marker profile of the mucosa they developed from. These findings underline the concept of histogenetically different carcinomas of the papilla of Vater which develop either from intestinal- or from pancreaticobiliary-type mucosa of the papilla of Vater. Molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas are similar to those of colorectal as well as pancreatic carcinomas, although they appear at different frequencies. In future studies, molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas should be correlated closely with the different histologic tumor types. Consequently, the histologic classification should reflect the histogenesis of ampullary tumors from the two different types of papillary mucosa.     

静脉皮瓣成活过程的实验研究

我们以兔为实验动物，通过微循环观察及血管内灌注填充剂，研究静脉皮瓣的成活过程。这一过程可分为２个阶段。第一阶段（术后７２小时内）为静脉血营养期：静脉血由静脉干通过小静脉吻合支、微静脉干间吻合支及终末微静脉吻合支回流至另一静脉。术后４８小时内毛细血管内无血液运动。第二阶段（术后７２小时～６周）为动脉血营养及血管改造期：术后７２小时新生血管开始向皮瓣内生长。术后７２无皮瓣动脉同主要来自皮瓣周围正常组织内的新生血管吻合使动脉血分布于整个皮瓣，这是静脉皮瓣成活的关键     

Management of sequelae of septic arthritis of hip

A nine years old boy, who had suffered septic arthritis at the age of two years and presented now with a limp, hip instability, leg length discrepancy. The patient was treated by adductor tenotomy and upper tibial pin traction. When head remnant reached the level of the acetabulum, open reduction and Pemberton osteotomy was done to achieve cover of the femoral head. The purpose of this report is to highlight the six years followup of reconstruction of sequale of septic arthritis of hip joint.     

Catamnestic study of childless patients of the Department of Andrology of Hamburg-Eppendorf University Hosptal

By means of a questionnaire, we carried out a catamnestic study of 1419 patients with a complaint of infertility. 27 per cent of the replying patients reported about the birth of children. 343 patients (38%) reported about one or more conceptions. Compared with previous studies, this investigation shows better results of therapies. We interprete this to be caused in better possibilities of therapy, esp. the Kallikrein therapy.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂外科治疗的临床研究

目的　探讨主动脉窦瘤破裂局部病理改变及其合并主动脉瓣关闭不全的手术方法。方法　 3 6例主动脉窦瘤破裂 (RASV)合并主动脉瓣关闭不全 (AI) 15例、室间隔缺损 (VSD) 2 6例。补片修补 3 5例 ,其中合并VSD的均以一片法修补 ,合并AI的主动脉瓣置换 (AVR) 6例 ,主动脉瓣成形 4例。手术取材作病理检查 5例。结果　本组 3 6例中手术死亡 2例 ( 5 .6% )。存活的 3 4例病人均经门诊复查或通信随访 0 .3～ 18年 ,其中 2例死亡。病理检查见RASV合并VSD的瘤壁为纤维素样坏死或玻璃样变性。结论　主动脉窦壁纤维素样或玻璃样变性可能是其形成的病理基础。合并主动脉瓣关闭不全时应探查其病变程度 ,酌情一期矫正 ,瓣膜损伤明显时宜行主动脉瓣置换 ,对主动脉瓣环细小的病例 ,可借修补VSD和RASV的补片扩大主动脉瓣环。     

骨盆骨折的治疗进展

对于骨盆骨折的治疗 ,传统方法以卧硬板床 ,股骨髁上持续骨牵引 ,骨盆兜等保守治疗为主 ,常常引起下肢不等长 ,骶髋痛 ,步态失常等而严重影响生活质量 ,同时长期卧床易引发肺部感染、褥疮、应激性溃疡、泌尿系统结石等并发症而危及生命。下面就骨盆骨折的治疗进展作一综述。1     

Oddi括约肌肌电活动实验模型的建立

目的建立研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的动物模型和实验方法。方法将双极金属钩状电极通过浆膜层置入Oddi括约肌，记录不同条件干预下家兔的Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号，调整电生理实验参数并经放大、滤波及计算机处理后，对其大小、波形、幅度进行分析。结果不同条件干预下的家兔Oddi括约肌的肌电活动在波形、频率、幅度等方面均有明显的不同，具有明显的规律性。重复实验可得到相似的结果。结论使用双极金属钩状电极配以合理的电生理实验参数调整可以稳定地采集到在体的家兔Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号。这为今后广泛、深入地研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动搭建了一个技术平台。