小切口治疗后交叉韧带撕脱性骨折

目的 观察改良小切口治疗后交叉韧带(PCL)撕脱性骨折的效果。方法 选择10例PCL撕脱性骨折，膝关节后方横入路，暴露骨折部位，使用扩阴器牵拉切口，钢丝固定。结果 所有患者随访6个月，术后1个月膝关节屈伸功能正常，术后2个月放射学检查骨折愈合良好。结论 小切口治疗PCL撕脱性骨折具有创伤小，显露充分的优点。     

可吸收螺钉结合缝线治疗交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折

正2010年3月~2014年3月,我科应用可吸收螺钉结合缝线治疗29例膝关节交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折患者,效果满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组29例,男23例,女6例,年龄19~62岁。均为新鲜单纯交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折:前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折16例,后交叉     

过伸性颈椎颈髓损伤的诊断与治疗

报道４３例过伸性颈椎颈髓伤。所有病例进行了ＭＲＩ检查，结果示颈椎损伤的ＭＲＩ改变主要为：（１）椎前血肿形成和前纵韧带断裂；（２）椎体前缘撕脱性骨折；（３）椎间盘突出。颈髓损伤的ＭＲＩ包括：９１）水肿；（２）出血；（３）受压，多数闰同采用颈前咱砬压术，经６－６５个月，平均３８个月随访，获得满意疗效。     

门形钉治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折

目的探讨门形钉内固定治疗后交叉韧带(PCL)胫骨止点撕脱性骨折的方法及可行性。方法对20例PCL胫骨止点撕脱性骨折行切开复位门形钉内固定。结果本组获随访3～17个月,根据Lysholm膝关节评定标准:优16例,良3例,可1例。结论应用门形钉内固定治疗PCL胫骨止点撕脱性骨折,操作简单,固定牢靠,疗效满意。     

空心拉力螺钉内固定治疗胫骨结节撕脱性骨折

2005年4月-2008年12月，我科采用空心拉力螺钉固定治疗胫骨结节撕脱性骨折18例，取得满意疗效。     

带线锚钉修复膝关节外侧副韧带腓骨止点撕脱骨折

目的讨论利用锚钉进行膝关节外侧副韧带腓骨止点撕脱性骨折的内固定的可行性和治疗效果。方法通过22例膝关节外侧副韧带腓骨止点撕脱性骨折的锚钉固定治疗,总结治疗细节和经验,以Lysholm评分系统最终评价治疗效果情况。结果经过锚钉固定治疗,手术疗效满意。结论根据治疗经验总结,利用锚钉进行膝关节外侧副韧带腓骨止点撕脱性骨折的内固定疗效可靠,值得推广。     

带线锚钉手术治疗胫骨平台关节面后缘撕脱性骨折

胫骨平台关节面后侧撕脱性骨折常累及胫骨平台关节面后缘、内外髁,同时常合并有后交叉韧带止点骨折[1]。2006年7月～2009年7月,笔者采用后路切开复位双股带线锚钉内固定术治疗9例胫骨平台关节面后缘撕脱性骨折患者,     

Revo软组织带线铆钉治疗髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折

目的探讨Revo软组织带线铆钉治疗髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折的短期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析采用5.0 mmRevo软组织带线铆钉治疗10例髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折。结果依据Lysholm膝关节评分标准:优7例,良2例,可1例。术后患者均无膝前疼痛及其他并发症,患肢功能明显改善。结论Revo软组织带线铆钉治疗髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折具有操作简便、创伤小、固定可靠、术后患者恢复好,无需二次手术,并发症少,临床效果满意。     

后交叉韧带胫骨撕脱性骨折的手术治疗

目的 评价膝后内侧入路治疗后交叉韧带胫骨撕脱性骨折的临床疗效.方法 对于后交叉韧带胫骨撕脱性骨折,采用膝后内侧入路显露,采用空心螺钉或聚乙烯线捆绑固定骨折块,术后支具固定,早期行功能训练.结果 12例病例术后6周所有病例均显示骨性愈合,无骨折块移位.术后3月复查后抽屈试验均为阴性.按膝关节膝关节韧带损伤治疗效果判定标准(JOA),优良率为92%.无血管、神经损伤、关节液漏等并发症.结论 膝后内侧入路显露后交叉韧带胫骨撕脱性骨折,采用空心螺钉或聚乙烯线捆绑固定骨折块,手术创伤小,操作简单,固定可靠.     

微型钢板内固定治疗关节周围撕脱性骨折

2004年3月-2007年3月．我们采用微型钢板内固定治疗四肢关节周围撕脱性骨折20例，取得良好疗效。     

深圳市某两所小学流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学分析

目的：通过对深圳市某两所小学发生的流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学特点及差异性进行分析,为制定科学、高效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法2013年5～7月深圳市大鹏新区某两所小学爆发流行性腮腺炎,以学校为整体研究对象,分别标记为学校A（24个班,学生1210例）和学校B（27个班,学生1274例）,对比两所小学的疫情流行病学差异性。结果分析发现,学校A流行性腮腺炎发病率为4.30%,发病班级所占比54.17%,均较学校B1.73%和29.63%高,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;分析显示学校A学生出现疫病平均年龄为（11.2±1.1）岁,较学校B（9.34±1.0）岁,对比差异明显（P＜0.05）;且两组疫病患儿在接种疫苗率对比上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;但疫情发生时,学校B疫苗紧急接种率明显高于学校A,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论小学作为流行性腮腺炎爆发的主要场所之一,疫病爆发高峰季节前,针对易感染人群给予相应的疫苗接种等预防控制措施,同时加强流行性腮腺炎的监测,对于降低感染人群数量,减轻、遏制疫情有着积极的意义,值得相关防控部门重视。     

不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效分析

目的：探讨不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效。方法：2008年3月-2013年2月收治指尖离断患者80例,38例吻合指侧方静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1或1：2或2：2,平均1：2;22例吻合指腹静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1;20例未吻合静脉,术中仅吻合1条动脉,行侧切口或甲床放血。观察各组治疗效果。结果：吻合指侧方静脉组手指全部成活,无一例发生回流障碍;吻合指腹静脉组19例发生静脉危象,其中4例手指坏死;未吻合静脉组20例均发生回流障碍,其中6例手指坏死。58例获随访,随访时间6~28个月。吻合指侧方静脉组32例,指尖外形佳、指腹饱满;吻合指腹静脉组14例,指体轻度萎缩,指甲生长不平整;未吻合静脉组12例,指体萎缩明显。吻合指侧方静脉组指甲生长近平整,长度长于其他两组[（14.4±3.2）mm比（12.5±2.3）mm和（12.2±2.2）mm],远侧指间关节活动度大于其他两组[（63±5）°比（48±3）°和（45±7）°],两点分辨觉小于其他两组[（4.6±0.4）mm比（7.1±1.2）mm和（7.3±0.6）mm],感觉级别高于其他两组[S（3.45±0.39）级比S（2.57±0.42）级和S（2.55±0.49）级],差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。吻合指腹静脉组和未吻合静脉组在指甲长度、运动和感觉方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：吻合指侧方静脉能有效解决指尖再植静脉回流问题,可避免回流障碍,成活率高,促进指甲生长,可恢复 DIPJ 活动度及感觉。     

Frequency of complications of manipulation of the spine

Summary A survey of all members of the Swiss Medical Association of Manual Medicine was undertaken for the year 1989. Informative data were given by 425 respondents on the frequency of complications of manipulation as related to the spine. The number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations during 1989 (225 working days) was 805 for each respondent, and the number manipulations of the cervical spine 354. Thus, the total number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations was 342 125, and the total number of cervical manipulations was 150 450. The overall incidence of side-effects of transient complications due to cervical spine manipulation such as disturbance of consciousness or radicular signs was 1: 16716. Seventeen patients (ratio 1: 20 125) after manipulation of the lumbar spine presented, in addition to increased pain, a transient sensorimotor deficit with precise radicular distribution. Nine of the 17 patients (ratio 1: 38013) developed a progressive radicular syndrome with sensorimotor defict and radiologically verified disc herniation and had to be referred for surgery. Side effects and complications of cervical and lumbar spine manipulation are rare. Taking in to account the yearly number of manipulations performed by a single physician in Switzerland and the rate of complications, it can be calculated that a physician practicing manual medicine will encoutner one complication due to manipulation of the cervical spine in 47 years and one complication due to lumbar spine manipulation in 38 years of practice. However, it is important that a careful clinical assessment is carried out to avoid complications due to manipulation carried out on the basis of inappropriate indications. Furthermore, the decision as to which technique is indicated for any particular functional disorder of the spine should be made on the basis of rational criteria resting on a knowledge of clinical biomechanics, functional anatomy and neurophysiology. The authors recommend a prospective morbidity study to be carried out among physicians, chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists, taking into account the different indications and therapeutic techniques in relation to complications.     

Pathogenesis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Most adenomas and carcinomas of the small intestine and extrahepatic bile ducts arise in the region of the papilla of Vater. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) it is the main location for carcinomas after proctocolectomy. In many cases symptoms due to stenosis lead to diagnosis at an early tumor stage. In about 80%, curative intended resection is possible. Operability is the most relevant prognostic factor. Most ampullary carcinomas resp. carcinomas of the papilla of Vater develop from adenomatous or flat dysplastic precursor lesions. They can be sited in the ampulloduodenal part of the papilla of Vater, which is lined by intestinal mucosa. They also can develop in deeper parts of the ampulla, which are lined by pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and pancreaticobiliary-type adenocarcinoma represent the main histological types of ampullary carcinoma. Furthermore, there exist unusual types and undifferentiated carcinomas. Many carcinomas of intestinal type express the immunohistochemical marker profile of intestinal mucosa (keratin 7–, keratin 20+, MUC2+). Carcinomas of pancreaticobiliary type usually show the immunohistochemical profile of pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa (keratin 7+, keratin 20–, MUC2–). Even poorly differentiated carcinomas, as well as unusual histological types, may conserve the marker profile of the mucosa they developed from. These findings underline the concept of histogenetically different carcinomas of the papilla of Vater which develop either from intestinal- or from pancreaticobiliary-type mucosa of the papilla of Vater. Molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas are similar to those of colorectal as well as pancreatic carcinomas, although they appear at different frequencies. In future studies, molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas should be correlated closely with the different histologic tumor types. Consequently, the histologic classification should reflect the histogenesis of ampullary tumors from the two different types of papillary mucosa.     

静脉皮瓣成活过程的实验研究

我们以兔为实验动物，通过微循环观察及血管内灌注填充剂，研究静脉皮瓣的成活过程。这一过程可分为２个阶段。第一阶段（术后７２小时内）为静脉血营养期：静脉血由静脉干通过小静脉吻合支、微静脉干间吻合支及终末微静脉吻合支回流至另一静脉。术后４８小时内毛细血管内无血液运动。第二阶段（术后７２小时～６周）为动脉血营养及血管改造期：术后７２小时新生血管开始向皮瓣内生长。术后７２无皮瓣动脉同主要来自皮瓣周围正常组织内的新生血管吻合使动脉血分布于整个皮瓣，这是静脉皮瓣成活的关键     

Management of sequelae of septic arthritis of hip

A nine years old boy, who had suffered septic arthritis at the age of two years and presented now with a limp, hip instability, leg length discrepancy. The patient was treated by adductor tenotomy and upper tibial pin traction. When head remnant reached the level of the acetabulum, open reduction and Pemberton osteotomy was done to achieve cover of the femoral head. The purpose of this report is to highlight the six years followup of reconstruction of sequale of septic arthritis of hip joint.     

Catamnestic study of childless patients of the Department of Andrology of Hamburg-Eppendorf University Hosptal

By means of a questionnaire, we carried out a catamnestic study of 1419 patients with a complaint of infertility. 27 per cent of the replying patients reported about the birth of children. 343 patients (38%) reported about one or more conceptions. Compared with previous studies, this investigation shows better results of therapies. We interprete this to be caused in better possibilities of therapy, esp. the Kallikrein therapy.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂外科治疗的临床研究

目的　探讨主动脉窦瘤破裂局部病理改变及其合并主动脉瓣关闭不全的手术方法。方法　 3 6例主动脉窦瘤破裂 (RASV)合并主动脉瓣关闭不全 (AI) 15例、室间隔缺损 (VSD) 2 6例。补片修补 3 5例 ,其中合并VSD的均以一片法修补 ,合并AI的主动脉瓣置换 (AVR) 6例 ,主动脉瓣成形 4例。手术取材作病理检查 5例。结果　本组 3 6例中手术死亡 2例 ( 5 .6% )。存活的 3 4例病人均经门诊复查或通信随访 0 .3～ 18年 ,其中 2例死亡。病理检查见RASV合并VSD的瘤壁为纤维素样坏死或玻璃样变性。结论　主动脉窦壁纤维素样或玻璃样变性可能是其形成的病理基础。合并主动脉瓣关闭不全时应探查其病变程度 ,酌情一期矫正 ,瓣膜损伤明显时宜行主动脉瓣置换 ,对主动脉瓣环细小的病例 ,可借修补VSD和RASV的补片扩大主动脉瓣环。     

骨盆骨折的治疗进展

对于骨盆骨折的治疗 ,传统方法以卧硬板床 ,股骨髁上持续骨牵引 ,骨盆兜等保守治疗为主 ,常常引起下肢不等长 ,骶髋痛 ,步态失常等而严重影响生活质量 ,同时长期卧床易引发肺部感染、褥疮、应激性溃疡、泌尿系统结石等并发症而危及生命。下面就骨盆骨折的治疗进展作一综述。1     

Oddi括约肌肌电活动实验模型的建立

目的建立研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的动物模型和实验方法。方法将双极金属钩状电极通过浆膜层置入Oddi括约肌，记录不同条件干预下家兔的Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号，调整电生理实验参数并经放大、滤波及计算机处理后，对其大小、波形、幅度进行分析。结果不同条件干预下的家兔Oddi括约肌的肌电活动在波形、频率、幅度等方面均有明显的不同，具有明显的规律性。重复实验可得到相似的结果。结论使用双极金属钩状电极配以合理的电生理实验参数调整可以稳定地采集到在体的家兔Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号。这为今后广泛、深入地研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动搭建了一个技术平台。