黄芪甲甙在Balb/C小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎中抗凋亡作用的机制

目的 观察黄芪甲甙对Balb/C小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎心肌细胞凋亡的影响,探讨黄芪甲甙抗心肌细胞凋亡的可能机制.方法 Balb/C小鼠50只随机分5组(每组10只).空白对照组:腹腔无菌注射不含病毒的Eagle's培养基0.1 mL,在腹腔注射病毒培养基30 min后,以生理盐水0.1 mL灌胃,共7天;病毒性心肌炎对照组:小鼠每只腹腔注射0.1 mL内含1×105TCID50 CVB3 的Eagle's培养基,在腹腔注射含病毒的Eagle's培养基30 min后,以生理盐水0.1 mL灌胃,共7天;黄芪甲甙低、中、高剂量干预组:在腹腔注射病毒30 min后,用黄芪甲甙[具体剂量分别为0.07、0.2、0.6 mg/(kg·d)]0.1 mL灌胃,共7天.采用缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测心肌凋亡细胞,免疫组织化学检测Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测Bcl-2、Bax基因的表达,并利用图像分析系统测量平均光密度值进行半定量分析.结果 与空白对照组比较,病毒性心肌炎对照组心肌细胞凋亡发生率增高;抑制凋亡因子Bcl-2基因及蛋白表达下降,而促进凋亡因子Bax基因及蛋白表达增强,Bcl-2/Bax mRNA比值降低.与病毒性心肌炎对照组比较,黄芪甲甙高剂量干预组能降低CVB3病毒性心肌炎心肌细胞的凋亡指数,Bcl-2基因及蛋白水平表达增强,Bax基因及蛋白水平表达下降.结论 黄芪甲甙在Balb/C小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎中抗凋亡作用机制可能是促进了抑制凋亡基因Bcl-2表达,抑制了促凋亡Bax基因表达.     

黄芪对小鼠病毒性心肌炎细胞凋亡及bcl-2/bax基因转录的影响

目的 :探讨黄芪对实验性病毒性心肌炎细胞凋亡及 bcl- 2 / bax基因的影响。方法 :Balb/ c小鼠 2 4只腹腔感染柯萨奇病毒 B3(CVB3)后随机分成 2组 :黄芪治疗组 (每天腹腔注射黄芪注射液 1 0 g/ kg)及对照组 ,第 8天取心脏标本 ,进行病理学检查、细胞凋亡 TUNEL 法检测以及逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT- PCR)分析 bcl- 2和 bax m RNA的表达水平。结果 :1黄芪治疗组病变积分明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;2黄芪治疗组心肌细胞凋亡指数 (AI)明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;3黄芪治疗组心肌组织 bcl- 2的 m RNA的相对表达量明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,bax m RNA的相对表达量无明显改变 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,bcl- 2m RNA/ bax m RNA比值则明显增高 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :黄芪可通过上调病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌组织 bcl- 2的基因转录 ,抑制细胞凋亡 ,减轻心肌损伤     

细胞凋亡在小鼠病毒性心肌炎中的作用

目的 :探讨柯萨奇病毒 B3(CVB3)所致小鼠病毒性心肌炎 (VM)心肌细胞损伤的变化 ,观察细胞凋亡在心肌损伤中的作用。方法 :采用 CVB3制备小鼠病毒性心肌炎动物模型 ,分别于腹腔接种 CVB3后第 5、7、10、14、2 1、2 8d,取心肌组织切片 HE染色了解心肌损伤 (坏死 )情况 ;电镜和流式细胞仪检测 ,观察心肌中的细胞凋亡。结果 :心肌坏死方面 :光镜观察见对照组小鼠心肌组织无异常改变 ,实验组病鼠可见心肌细胞坏死和单核、淋巴细胞浸润 ,后期可见纤维化 ;心肌细胞凋亡方面 :电镜观察对照组心肌中未检出凋亡细胞 ,而病鼠心肌凋亡细胞检出率较高 5 8.33% (7/12例 ) ,且细胞凋亡多存在于炎症病灶周围的心肌细胞及病灶处炎性浸润细胞 ;各期病鼠心肌组织中的细胞凋亡比率较对照组明显增加 ,流式细胞仪检测平均心肌细胞凋亡百分率为 2 6 .74± 15 .2 2 % ,感染后第 7～ 14 d心肌细胞凋亡百分率明显高于其余时间 (P<0 .0 0 1)。结论 :小鼠病毒性心肌炎中心肌损伤坏死与凋亡共存 ,其中异常的心肌细胞凋亡与病毒性心肌炎的发病过程有关     

核因子-κB活化在小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎的病理作用机制研究

目的 观察Balb/c小鼠CVB3病毒性心肌炎心肌组织核因子-κB活化的动态变化并探索其病理机制.方法 采用CVB3感染Balb/c小鼠,分别于感染后2 h、第3、7、14、21天取其心肌,采用凝胶滞留分析法检测NF-κB活性、TUNEL assay检测心肌组织细胞凋亡,测定心肌组织Caspase 3酶活性.结果 小鼠感染CVB3后NF-κB迅速活化,并呈持续性活化状态,主要是P65-PSO二聚体活化.TUNEL检测细胞凋亡发现病毒感染第7天病灶内炎症细胞凋亡,至第15、21天心肌细胞凋亡.Casptme 3酶活性在病毒感染后第7天开始升高,第14、21天明显升高.结论 NF-κB活化在病毒性心肌疾病的病理机制中,对炎症反应与细胞凋亡的调控均起重要作用.     

抗FasL抗体在小鼠病毒性心肌炎治疗中的作用

目的：探讨抗FasL抗体对小鼠柯萨奇B3（CVB3）病毒性心肌炎心肌细胞凋亡及病毒滴度的调节作用。方法：随机将80只Balb／c小鼠分为空白对照组、病毒对照组、IgG对照组及抗FasL抗体治疗组,于感染后第10天每组处死8只并取其心脏,光镜检查的心肌病理变化,原位末端标记法（TUNEL）检测小鼠心肌组织的细胞凋亡,用空斑形成技术（PFU法）测定心肌病毒滴度。结果：抗FasL抗体治疗组小鼠死亡率、心肌病变积分、心肌细胞凋亡率、心肌病毒滴度均明显低于病毒对照组及IgG对照组（P均〈0．01）。结论：抗FasL抗体可降低小鼠CVB,病毒性心肌炎心肌内病毒滴度、减少心肌细胞凋亡和心肌损伤．     

益心饮对柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌组织病理及超微结构的保护作用

目的:观察益心饮对病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌组织病理及超微结构的影响。方法:用CVB3感染Balb/c小鼠制造病毒性心肌炎动物模型,分别用生理盐水、黄芪注射液及益心饮口服液灌胃治疗,分别观察7d和14d的心肌组织病理变化,并于电镜下观察小鼠心肌组织的超微结构。结果:益心饮口服液及黄芪注射液能明显减轻心肌变性坏死及炎性细胞浸润。结论:益心饮口服液对感染CVB3引起的病毒性心肌炎心肌组织病理及超微结构有明显的保护作用。     

病毒性心脏病小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的动态变化

目的探讨急、慢性病毒性心肌炎和感染性扩张型心肌病小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的动态变化。方法以柯萨奇病毒B3感染Balb/c小鼠建立急、慢性心肌炎和扩张型心肌病的系列动物模型,同期设正常对照;经组织病理学方法和超声心动图验证模型后,以缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测各组小鼠心肌细胞凋亡。结果各期感染小鼠心肌细胞凋亡率较同期对照组明显增高,心肌细胞凋亡率依次分别为(8.2±1.4)%vs(1.3±0.5)%,(15.3±1.1)%vs(2.7±0.7)%,(13.9±2.1)%vs(3.1±0.6)%,(均P<0.01)。结论心肌细胞凋亡贯穿病毒性心脏病全程,可能对其病程和预后产生深远影响。     

黄芪甲甙对病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌中TLIA表达的影响及意义

目的:观察黄芪甲甙干预的病毒性心肌炎(viral myocarditis,VMC)小鼠中TL1A表达的影响,探讨黄芪甲甙治疗VMC的作用机制.方法:取Balb/c小鼠100只,随机分成6组.非感染小鼠腹腔无菌注射不含病毒的Eagle's培养液0.1 mL,分为正常对照组10只,以羧甲基纤维素钠0.1 mL灌胃7d;高剂量对照组10只,9％黄芪甲甙0.1 mL灌胃7d;余80只小鼠以腹腔无菌注射0.1 mL内含1×10250％组织感染率(TCID50)柯萨奇病毒B3 (Coxsachievirus B3,CVB3)的Eagle's培养液制作VMC模型.VMC小鼠随机分为心肌炎对照组和低、中、高剂量干预组,分别以生理盐水和1％,3％,9％黄芪甲甙[分别为0.07,0.2,0.6 g/(kg.d)]0.1 mL灌胃7d(每组20只).14d后处死全部小鼠并取其心脏.采用RT-PCR及免疫组织化学分别检测心肌TL1A mRNA及蛋白表达水平.结果:正常对照组和高剂量对照组无小鼠死亡,心肌炎对照组有大量小鼠死亡,死亡率为45％(9/20),低、中、高剂量干预组小鼠死亡率分别为30％(6/20),25％(5/20),10％(2/20),高剂量干预组小鼠死亡率较心肌炎对照组明显降低(P＜0.05),而低、中剂量干预组小鼠死亡率与心肌炎对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);正常对照组和高剂量对照组心肌未见任何病理改变,然而两组心肌中均有一定量的TL1A mRNA及蛋白表达,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),心肌炎对照组TL1A mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显增加,与正常对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),心肌炎小鼠经不同剂量黄芪甲甙干预后,与对照组相比,在高剂量干预组显著下降(P＜0.01),而低、中剂量黄芪甲甙对心肌炎小鼠TL1A mRNA、蛋白表达水平以及心肌病变积分无明显影响(P＞0.05).结论:黄芪甲甙治疗VMC可能通过抑制炎症介质、降低TL1A的表达而起作用.     

黄芪皂甙对小鼠柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用

目的:探讨黄芪皂甙对BALB/c小鼠柯萨奇B3(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用。方法:雄性BALB/c小鼠腹腔接种CVB3,制成急性病毒性心肌炎模型,接种1 h后腹腔内注入黄芪皂甙5.64×10-3 mg/g,1次/d ×7 d,观测小鼠存活率、血浆乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)、体温、心肌病理变化和心肌病毒滴度的影响。结果:黄芪皂甙治疗组比病毒感染组存活率明显增高,血浆LDH和GOT明显降低,体温保持正常,心脏质量/体质量值显著降低,心肌病理变化减轻,心肌匀浆病毒滴度降低(P＜0.05)。结论:黄芪皂甙有治疗病毒性心肌炎的作用。     

心肌康对慢性病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞的保护作用

目的 观察心肌康对病毒性心肌炎小鼠心肌细胞的保护作用.方法 对清洁级Balb/c小鼠采用柯萨奇病毒(CVB3)腹腔注射染毒,制成慢性病毒性心肌炎动物模型,按照随机数字表法分为三组:A组为病毒性心肌炎(VMC)组、B组为心肌康组、C组氯沙坦组.另设20只腹腔接种不含病毒的Eagle's液小鼠为正常对照组,观察心肌康对模型鼠的生存率的影响及对CVB3 RNA表达、Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量的影响.结果 心肌康组、氯沙坦组小鼠的生存率明显高于病毒对照组,心肌康对CVB3感染鼠有保护作用,心肌康组对感染鼠的治疗作用要优于氯沙坦组.结论 心肌康可通过下调CVB3 RNA表达、抑制胶原增生而对心肌细胞产生保护作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.