甘草黄酮对B16黑色素瘤细胞代谢的影响

目的 研究甘草黄酮对B16黑色素瘤细胞的作用，并与一些美白药物进行比较，探讨其美白的作用及安全性。方法 测定药物对体外培养的B16黑色素瘤细胞系的细胞活力、细胞酪氨酸酶活性及细胞内黑素含量的影响，并与氢醌、熊果苷及维生素C磷酸酯的结果比较。结果 几种化合物对B16细胞酪氨酸酶活性均有抑制作用，且呈浓度依赖性；药物作用后细胞黑素生成量显著减少。甘草黄酮和维生素C磷酸酯的细胞毒性较低，而氢醌和熊果苷具有明显的细胞毒性。结论 甘草黄酮有较强的抑制酪氨酸酶活性和黑素生成的作用，同时对黑素细胞的细胞毒性较低，是较为安全有效的美白药物。     

壬二酸对人黑素细胞和鼠黑素瘤B16细胞黑素合成功能的影响

目的 建立体外培养的正常人表皮黑素细胞系，检测壬二酸对人表皮黑素细胞和鼠黑素瘤B16细胞黑素合成的影响。方法 体外人表皮黑素细胞和鼠黑素瘤B．。细胞培养，TRP-1染色观察壬二酸作用后，细胞形态的变化；测定壬二酸对人表皮黑素细胞和鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞酪氨酸酶活性及黑素含量变化观察壬二酸的脱色素作用。结果 壬二酸作用于人表皮黑素细胞后，可见细胞树突明显减少；壬二酸作用于B16细胞后，细胞形态无明显改变。壬二酸抑制人表皮黑素细胞和鼠黑素瘤B16细胞的酪氨酸酶活性，细胞黑素合成减少，而且具有浓度依赖性。结论 壬二酸对体外培养的人表皮黑素细胞和鼠黑素瘤B16细胞的酪氨酸酶活性及黑素生成都有抑制作用，可临床应用于治疗色素性疾病。     

Effects of Qingban Capsules on Melanin Synthesis of Murine B16 Cells

目的 测定大豆异黄酮清斑软胶囊对小鼠B16细胞黑色素合成的影响,研究其对黄褐斑的治疗作用. 方法 小鼠B16黑素细胞作为受试细胞,选择氢醌作为阳性对照物,用MTT比色法测定药物对细胞增殖的影响,采用酶学方法检测对酪氨酸酶活性的影响,NaOH溶解法测定黑素含量. 结果 不同浓度大豆异黄酮清斑软胶囊对黑素细胞增殖、酪氨酸酶活性及黑色素含量均有抑制作用,呈现剂量依赖性关系. 结论 大豆异黄酮清斑软胶囊能有效抑制黑素细胞增殖和降低酪氨酸酶活性,从而减少黑素合成.     

熊果苷对体外培养的人黑素细胞的作用

目的 研究熊果苷对体外培养的正常人表皮黑素细胞的作用效应。方法 利用碱性成纤维细胞生长因子为主要有丝分裂原建立正常人表皮黑素细胞培养系,MTT法测定熊果苷对黑素细胞活力的影响,以左旋多巴为底物测定酪氨酸酶活性,比色法测定黑素含量,并与曲酸及维生素C磷酸酯的结果比较。结果 熊果苷对体外培养的正常人黑素细胞酪氨酸酶活性呈浓度依赖性抑制,可显减少黑素生成量,对黑素细胞活力影响很小。结论 熊果苷对体外培养的人黑素细胞的酪氨酸酶活性及黑素生成有显抑制作用,且细胞毒性很低。     

4种美白剂对B-16细胞内酪氨酸酶活性抑制的研究

目的 探讨4种常用皮肤美白剂（熊果苷、曲酸衍生物、BL-99和氢醌酯）对皮肤黑素细胞内酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用。方法 选用B-16小鼠黑素瘤细胞株，分别加入不同剂量美白剂（BL-99和曲酸衍生物的实验终浓度分别为0．5、1．0、5．0、10．0、50．0μg／mL；熊果苷为10、30、50、70、100μg／mL；氢醌酯为0．1、0．5、1．0、5．0、10．0μg／mL）3d后，采用台盼蓝排斥法计数活细胞数，参照Hideya Ando等的方法测定酪氨酸酶活性，探讨美白剂对培养细胞内酪氨酸酶活性的影响。结果 4种美白剂均可抑制B-16细胞生长，以氢醌酯对细胞生长数量的作用最大，熊果苷对细胞生长的抑制作用最弱。熊果苷对酪氨酸酶活性具有抑制作用；氢醌酯虽可导致B-16细胞的酪氨酸酶活性呈下降趋势，但与对照组相比，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；曲酸衍生物和BL-99均可致B16细胞中酪氨酸酶活性呈波动性变化。结论 4种皮肤美白剂中除了熊果苷对酪氨酸酶的活性具有抑制作用外，其它3种美白剂均对酪氨酸酶抑制不明显，提示美白剂的美白机制是多方面的，可能不仅仅与酪氨酸酶的活性有关。     

熊果苷对A375与HACAT共培养模型中黑素细胞酪氨酸酶活性的影响

目的体外构建黑素瘤细胞(A375)与人永生角质形成细胞(HACAT)直接接触共培养模型,观察熊果苷对该模型酪氨酸酶活性的影响同时观察熊果苷对该模型黑素合成及细胞的增殖的影响。方法分别培养A375与HACAT,体外构建黑素瘤细胞与人永生角质形成细胞直接接触的共培养模型;将不同浓度熊果苷作用于此模型,用MTT法、多巴氧化法及NaOH裂解法检测酪氨酸酶活性、黑素合成以及细胞增殖的。结果 A375与HACAT能共同存活;分别用1mg/ml,0.5mg/ml和0.2mg/ml的熊果苷对共培养细胞的增殖、黑素细胞酪氨酸酶活性及黑素合成均有较强的剂量相关的抑制作用,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论熊果苷对A375与HACAT共培养模型中细胞增殖、酪氨酸酶活性及黑素合成均呈浓度依赖性抑制作用。     

α和β-熊果苷对共培养小鼠黑素细胞黑素生成的影响研究

目的 比较观察熊果苷分子苯环侧链上的糖苷基团α和β-构象对共培养小鼠黑素细胞酪氨酸酶活性和黑素含量的影响.方法 体外melan-a小鼠黑素细胞(MC)与SP-1小鼠角质形成细胞(KC)共培养体系,两种细胞的初始接种比例为1:5.共培养细胞分别用含有0.04、0.2、1 mg/ml的α-熊果苷、β-熊果苷、烟酰胺及10、50、100 μmol/L的甲氧沙林(8-MOP)新鲜培养基换液,药物处理共4 d.用相差倒置显微镜观察细胞表型的改变;用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色(MTT)法测定细胞增殖率;用放射性核素L-[14C]-酪氨酸底物标记法测定酪氨酸羟化酶与多巴氧化酶活性;用分光光度计法测定细胞总黑素含量.结果 除8-MOP能明显促进共培养细胞(主要是MC)发生增殖外,其他3种化合物对细胞增殖率均无影响.两种熊果苷均能剂量依赖地抑制酪氨酸酶活性和黑素含量.1 ms/mlα-熊果苷对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用比同等浓度的β-熊果苷强(酪氨酸酶活性:37%±4%vs54%±9%,P=0.034).经两种熊果苷(1 mg/ml)处理的MC树状突延长纤细,黑素产生较对照组明显减少,以α-熊果苷更为明显.相反,100 μmol/L 8-MOP处理组的MC数目较对照组显著增加,树状突增加,胞质与树状突内有大量黑褐色黑素堆积.结论 α-熊果苷能明显抑制共培养小鼠黑素细胞的黑素生成,其临床应用价值有待体内实验进一步确认.     

六味地黄丸对体外培养的黑素细胞的抑制作用

目的 :研究六味地黄丸对体外培养的黑素细胞的抑制作用。方法 :采用MTT法测定细胞增殖情况 ;NaOH裂解法测定黑素合成 ;Takahashi法测定酪氨酶含量。结果 :六味地黄丸对黑素细胞的增殖有抑制作用 ,能使细胞数明显减少 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,并能使黑素合成显著下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,使酪氨酸酶活性逐渐减弱 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :六味地黄丸能抑制黑素细胞增殖、黑素合成、酪氨酸酶活性 ,这可能是临床应有六味地黄丸治疗皮肤色素性疾病的机制。     

强脉冲光及5-氨基酮戊酸对小鼠B16黑素瘤细胞的作用

目的 研究强脉冲光(IPL)及5-氨基酮戊酸(5-ALA)对小鼠B16黑素瘤细胞的影响.方法 以小鼠B16黑素瘤细胞为实验对象,分为阴性对照组(不加5-ALA,未辐射)、UVA阳性对照组(3、4、5 J/cm~2 UVA辐射)、5-ALA组(含5 mmol/L 5-ALA的细胞培养液孵育)、IPL组(20、30、40 J/cm~2 IPL辐射)及5-ALA+IPL组(含5 mmol/L 5-ALA的细胞培养液孵育细胞4 h后予20、30、40 J/cm~2 IPL辐射).辐射后1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d、5 d以噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)测定细胞增殖情况、NaOH溶解法测定黑素含量、氧化多巴反应法测定酪氨酸酶活性的变化.结果 5 mmol/L 5-ALA不影响B16黑素瘤细胞增殖、细胞黑素含量及酪氨酸酶活性.3～4 J/cm~2 UVA可促进B16黑素瘤细胞增殖,5 J/cm2时细胞增殖受到抑制.3～5 J/cm~2 UVA可提高酪氨酸酶活性、促进黑素合成,其作用呈剂量依赖性.IPL及5-ALA+IPL可降低黑素含量,5-ALA+IPL的作用较IPL更明显.IPL及5-ALA+IPL对细胞增殖及酪氨酸酶活性无明显影响.结论 UVA可提高酪氨酸酶活性,促进B16黑素瘤细胞的黑素合成.IPL及5-ALA+IPL可使B16黑素瘤细胞黑素合成减少,对细胞增殖、酪氨酸酶活性无影响.     

验方祛斑汤含药血清对A375人黑素瘤细胞黑素合成的影响

目的用血清药理学方法研允验方祛斑汤对A375人黑素瘤细胞株细胞增殖、酪氨酸酶活性和黑素合成的影响，并探讨本方治疗黄褐斑的作用机制。方法用四甲基偶氮唑蓝法（MTT）测定验方祛斑汤对细胞增殖的影响，酶学方法测定其封酪氨酸酶活性的影响，475nm比色法测定其对黑素含量的影响。结果验方祛斑汤含药血清封体外培养的A375人黑素瘤细胞具有抑制细胞增殖，降低酪氨酸酶活性和黑素含量作用。结论验方祛斑汤能抑制黑素细胞黑素合成，这可能是其治疗黄褐斑的作用机制之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.