Penta D、 Penta E和SE33位点基因分型在二联体亲子鉴定中的应用

摘要：目的 研究增加Penta D、 Penta E和SE33位点基因座的检测后,对二联体亲子鉴定RCP值的影响。 方法 对二联体亲子鉴定案例除了进行ABI公司提供的AmpFISTR IdentifilerTM试剂盒中的15个STR位点检测以外,增加美国Promega公司的Penta D、 Penta E和SE33试剂盒复合扩增STR位点的检测,并计算增加检测位点前后的亲子关系指数（PI）和亲子关系相对机会（RCP）。 结果 135例二联体亲子鉴定案件中有109例常染色体RCP值大于99.99%,频率为80.74%。26例RCP值小于99.99%,频率为19.26%。增加Penta D、 Penta E和SE33位点基因座检测后有83.33%的家系由原来的RCP值小于99.99%转变为RCP值大于99.99%。 结论 增加遗传标记物的检测可以有效的提高二联体亲子鉴定的RCP值,从而提高鉴定的准确性。     

546例亲子鉴定案件中基因突变的观察和分析

目的:在亲权鉴定案件中经常可以观察到突变,突变会直接影响到亲权指数(PI)的计算。这里我们观察分析15个STR基因座在山西汉族人群亲子鉴定案件中的突变特点和规律。方法:546例确认亲子关系案件来自于山西汉族人群,包括父-母-子三联体案件383例,二联体案件163例。用含15个STR基因座的Power Plex16 System kit试剂盒对上述案例进行分析。结果:在546例亲子鉴定案件中共有22例出现突变,Penta E,D5S818,D7S820,v WA,D21S11 5个位点均出现3例突变,突变率最高为0.32%;FGA,D8S1179 2个位点突变均为2例,突变率为0.22%;CSF1PO,D3S1358,D18S51 3个位点突变均为1例,突变率为0.11%;未观察到其余基因座的基因突变。22例突变全部为一步突变,其中来自父亲的突变10例,来自母亲7例,5例无法确定突变来源。22例突变中增加1个基序的10例,减少1个基序的10例,增加减少不明确的2例。结论:山西汉族人群常染色体STR的突变率在0%~0.32%之间,该数据为计算突变情况下的亲权指数提供了数据支持。     

短串联重复序列检测法在江苏地区亲子鉴定的应用

目的:分析短串联重复序列(STR)基因座在江苏汉族人群亲子鉴定的应用.方法:取在本中心进行亲权鉴定的1 016个案例共2558份样本,提取DNA.用PCR特异性扩增出18个STR基因位点,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分型检测.以亲子关系指数(RCP)≥99.99%为认定亲权关系,以≥3个基因位点不符为排除亲权关系.结果:1016个案例中,认定亲权关系为758例,占75%,排除亲权关系为258例,占25%.19例表现出1个STR基因座突变现象.结论:STR基因检测位点多,多态性高、分布广泛、灵敏度高、易检测.联合使用多个STR位点进行检测可作为亲子鉴定的主要技术手段.     

ABO血型遗传异常的亲子鉴定案例分析

目的探讨应用短串联重复序列(STR)基因位点检测技术开展亲子鉴定的可行性。方法采用PCR复合扩增技术、毛细管电泳及五色荧光自动化检测技术对2例亲子鉴定案例6份血液样本,进行了15个STR基因位点和1个Am elogen in性别基因位点检测分析。认定亲权关系的均以亲子关系指数(RCP)≥99.73%为准,排除亲权关系的则以≥3个以上基因位点不符为依据。结果1例排除亲子关系,另1例不排除亲子关系。结论STR位点的基因扫描方法简便、省时、快速、灵敏度高,结果准确可靠。     

亲子鉴定常用 STR 基因座突变的特点

目的：探讨亲子鉴定中常用STR基因座突变的特点。方法检测华南地区3097例肯定亲权关系的亲子鉴定案例,观察STR基因座等位基因突变情况,统计各STR基因座突变率,分析突变来源、突变规律和突变特点。结果共发现94例突变案例,101个突变STR基因座。5个家系中出现2个STR 基因座位点同时突变。STR基因座突变率在0.0199％～0.1994％之间,Penta E基因座突变率最高。来源于父系突变与母系突变比例为4.2∶1。突变符合逐步突变模式,1步突变88例,占突变案例总数的93.6％。结论亲子鉴定检测中STR基因座等位基因突变的现象并不罕见,对鉴定结果分析有重要影响。对于突变的STR基因座,增加检测其他STR基因座位点的同时,应结合突变STR基因座亲权指数值的计算方法,计算得到累计亲权指数,从而得出正确的鉴定结论。     

Identifiler体系在亲子鉴定中的应用分析

目的 运用AmpFlSTR Identifiler PCR 扩增试剂盒用于亲子鉴定126例,探索此试剂盒在亲子鉴定案例中的应用价值.方法 采用荧光标记STR-PCR复合扩增、毛细管电泳基因分型技术,应用ABI 310遗传分析仪对126例亲子鉴定的个体进行15个STR位点的基因分型.结果 在126例亲子鉴定中,否定亲权的25个案例中均至少有3个位点不符;认定亲权的101例中,亲子关系指数(RCP)均＞99.98%,在认定的亲子关系中,有3例出现1个位点的基因突变.结论 应用Identifiler 体系的15个STR位点的基因鉴定,能成功地开展亲子鉴定,并显著提高了亲子关系指数.     

常染色体短串联重复序列基因座在河南汉族人群亲子鉴定中的应用

目的：分析24个常染色体短串联重复序列（STR）在河南省汉族群体的遗传多态性及其在亲子鉴定案例中的应用价值。方法：应用多位点复合PCR扩增技术及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分型技术,对773例亲子鉴定案例进行分析。结果：D7S3048、D18S51、D8S1179、D8S1132、D11S2368、D2S1338、D4S2639和D12S391的个体识别率≥0.94,观察杂合度≥0.79,多态性信息含量≥0.80,且这些位点参与联合排除父权率均在40%以上。结论：短串联重复序列D7S3048、D18S51、D8S1179、D8S1132、D11S2368、D2S1338、D4S2639和D12S391可作为亲子鉴定的首选基因座,在法医学应用和群体遗传学研究中有较高的价值。     

Identifiler & STRtyper-10F/G系统在单亲亲子鉴定中的应用分析

目的应用AmpFISTR IdentifilerTM和STRtyper-10F/G PCR扩增试剂盒,检测195例亲子鉴定案例,分析2个系统在单亲亲子鉴定中的应用价值。方法采用Chelex-100法提取全血基因组DNA,通过IdentifilerTM和STRtyper荧光标记试剂盒对24个STR基因座进行检测,判定基因分型。结果 195例单亲亲子鉴定中,认定亲生血缘关系182例(93.33%),累计PI值大于或等于10 000,RCP>99.999 9%。排除亲生血缘关系13例(6.67%),排除STR位点数5~16范围。在IdentifilerTM检测系统中,1个案例的vWA出现一步突变,1/182(0.55%),其他基因座检测结果均符合遗传规律。结论应用Identifiler和STRtyper系统的24个STR基因座进行DNA亲权鉴定,能准确地提高亲子鉴定判断结果,有效力地避免错误判性发生。     

浙江省汉族人群18-STR基因座的分型资料及其应用

【目的】 建立浙江地区汉族人群18个STR基因座(D8S1179､D21S11､D7S820､CSF1PO､D3S1358､TH01､D13S317､D16S539､D2S1338､D19S433､VWA､TPOX､D18S51､D5S818､FGA､PentaE､PentaD､SE33)的遗传多态性数据资料,并探讨18-STR鉴定分析系统在亲子鉴定､产前诊断等领域的应用｡ 【方法】 对浙江汉族598例无血缘关系个体,采用2组荧光标记STR-PCR复合扩增系统及毛细管电泳基因分型技术,获取18个STR基因座数据资料;在497个亲子鉴定案例中,比较18-STR与15-STR鉴定系统在亲子鉴定和产前诊断中的应用｡ 【结果】 18个STR基因座基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P > 0.05)｡18个STR基因座的杂合度在0.630 ~ 0.942之间,累积个体识别力大于0.9999999999,基因型分布与中国其它地区汉族人群存在差异｡与15-STR鉴定系统相比,18-STR鉴定系统更有利于二联体亲缘关系的认定及可疑突变的判断｡在胎儿亲子鉴定中偶然发现的1例21三体胎儿在D21S11､PentaD两个STR基因座出现了特征性峰型｡ 【结论】 18个STR基因座在浙江汉族人群中呈高度多态性,对法医学亲子关系的认定或排除具有较大价值,部分STR基因座的检测也有助于非整倍染色体的产前诊断｡     

宁波地区汉族群体中9个STR位点的遗传多态性

目的：调查宁波地区汉族群体9个STR位点即D2S1358、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D21S11、D18S51、D5S818、D13S317和D7S820的遗传多态性分布。方法：用荧光标记的PCR技术对266名无缘关系的宁波地区汉族个体进行9个STR位点的基因分型。结果：D2S1358、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D21S11、D18S51、D5S818、D13S317和D7S820在宁波地区汉族群体中分别检测到8、9、13、8、15、14、10、8、8个等位片段，多态性分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律；杂合度0.73-0.86，多态信息含量0.69-0.85，累积个体识别能力0.99999999999，累积非父排除概率0.99987。结论：上述9个STR位点有较高的多态信息量，可应用于宁波汉族群体的个体识别和亲子鉴定等。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.