木粉含量对木粉/PE-HD复合材料力学性能的影响

目的研究木粉含量以及界面相容剂对木粉/PE-HD复合材料力学性能、界面相容性的影响。方法以木粉为填料,与高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)在双螺杆挤出机上挤出制备复合材料,并测其性能。结果随着木粉添加量的增加,复合材料的力学性能呈现下降趋势;而加相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(MAPE)的复合体系,力学性能有了明显改善,并且拉伸强度和弯曲强度随木粉添加量的增加而增加,冲击强度则随之下降。结论MAPE提高了木粉在PE-HD基体中的分散性以及木粉与PE-HD的界面粘结性。     

聚己内酯-天然骨粉生物医用复合材料的制备和性能

采用熔融共混法制备了不同天然骨粉含量的聚己内酯天然骨粉（PCLBP）生物医用复合材料,并通过力学实验、表面亲水性分析、差示扫描量热分析和热重分析对复合材料的性能进行了表征。结果表明：随着天然骨粉含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度先增加后降低,其表面亲水性得以改善。此外,复合材料的结晶温度升高,熔融焓降低,热稳定性变差。     

钛酸四丁酯增韧改性聚乳酸/淀粉共混材料

制备了钛酸四丁酯[Ti(OBu)4]增韧改性的聚乳酸(PLA)/淀粉共混材料,测试了材料的加工流变性能、力学性能、共混形态、结晶性能及疏水性能和降解性能。结果表明:当mTi(OBu)4∶mPLA=0.20时,共混材料的冲击强度提高了40.9%,而弯曲强度下降了59.2%;FT-IR和SEM显示钛酸四丁酯的化学架桥作用增加了共混材料中聚乳酸与淀粉的相容,其吸水率随钛酸四丁酯含量的增加而减少,掩埋150 d后质量下降5%~8%。     

改性聚磷酸铵/改性淀粉阻燃聚乳酸

以改性聚磷酸铵(MAPP)和改性淀粉(MST)分别作为酸源和碳源,以聚合物Jonctyl^®ADR-4368(简称ADR)作为体系增容剂,通过共混及热压成型制备了阻燃聚乳酸(PLA)材料。采用极限氧指数(LOI)来表征共混物的阻燃性能,采用热重分析(TGA)表征共混物的热稳定性能,差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表征共混物的热学性能,扫描电镜(SEM)表征各样品以及刻蚀淀粉后样品的表面形貌,拉伸试验表征各样品的韧性以及强度。PLA复合材料的阻燃性能以及韧性相对聚乳酸有较大程度的提升,加入MAPP后复合材料热稳定性增加,加入聚合物ADR后体系相容性提高。     

PDLLA-PCL共混材料的制备与性能

以聚乳酸（PDLLA）和聚己内酯（PCL）为原材料,采用熔融共混法制备PDLLA-PCL共混物。采用拉伸试验机、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、毛细管流变仪和原子力显微镜分别对共混材料的力学性能、热力学性能、流变性能和表面微观形貌进行了分析与表征。研究表明：随着PCL含量增加,共混物的柔韧性提高,拉伸强度逐渐降低,熔融峰向高温方向移动,熔融热焓和结晶热焓增加,表观黏度增大;PDLLA-PCL共混物制备的薄膜表面平整度优于PDLLA薄膜,当w(PCL)=30%时达到最好。     

PGS-PLA共混材料的制备和性能

以聚癸二酸甘油酯（PGS）和聚乳酸（PLA）为原料在Haake转矩流变仪中密炼制备了不同配比的PGSPLA共混材料。研究了共混材料的转矩流变性能、热性能、力学性能及其共混形态。结果表明PGSPLA共混材料的转矩流变过程与PLA有很大差异,其熔融塑化过程大幅延长。DSC分析表明：随着PGS含量的增加,PGS-PLA共混材料的玻璃化温度、结晶温度和熔融温度降低,而结晶度提高;共混材料的冲击强度最大可以达到65.6 J/m,较纯PLA提高了447％;SEM观测表明PGS和PLA是分相的,且随PGS含量的提高     

聚乳酸热降解动力学

在对聚乳酸进行热降解实验的基础上建立了热降解模型,拟合得到了热降解反应的速率常数和活化能,并考察了温度(180~210°C)、时间(0~120 m in)以及催化剂浓度等对热降解过程的影响。结果表明:在本实验条件下,聚乳酸热降解过程可只考虑分子内的酯交换反应,而不必考虑其逆反应及其他的副反应。温度越高、时间越长以及残余催化剂浓度越大,聚乳酸热降解的程度也越深。     

用石英晶体微天平法研究聚乳酸的酶降解过程

利用石英晶体微天平(QCM)探讨影响聚乳酸降解速率的不同因素。聚乳酸的酶降解分两步进行：酶吸附到聚乳酸的表面和聚乳酸在酶作用下的降解。聚乳酸的降解初速率随酶加入量的增加而增大,但达到一定的加入量之后,降解初速率接近一个常数;当pH为7~9时,聚乳酸的降解初速率随pH的增大而增大;当温度为25~40 ℃时,降解初速率随温度的升高而增大。     

聚己二酸甘油酯的合成及其对聚乳酸材料的增韧

以丙三醇、己二酸为原料,通过熔融缩聚合成了新型聚乳酸(PLA)增韧改性剂聚己二酸丙三醇酯(PGA).利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)及凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)等方法对不同反应温度条件下PGA的分子结构进行了表征.同时通过熔融共混制备了PGA/PLA共混物,并测试了共混物的冲击性能,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其热性能及相形貌进行了表征.结果表明:PGA可以有效增韧聚乳酸,160℃下合成的PGA增韧性最佳,冲击强度达到48.0 J/m,较纯聚乳酸提高了3倍.PGA分子支化结构的差异对PGA/PIA的共混形态有明显的影响,从而进一步影响其增韧效果.     

聚乳酸/改性淀粉/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚接枝乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物复合材料的制备及性能

制备了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚（GMA）接枝乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物（GEVA）和马来酸酐（MA）功能化改性淀粉（MST）,并利用红外光谱（FT-IR）和核磁共振谱（NMR）对二者的结构进行了表征。采用熔融共混法制备了聚乳酸（PLA）/MST/GEVA复合材料,其中固定MST和GEVA的质量分数均为20%。通过拉伸、冲击、扫描电镜（SEM）、差示扫描量热（DSC）等测试方法对复合材料的性能进行了研究。结果表明：GEVA的加入使复合材料的韧性得到明显改善,断裂伸长率最高可达170%,冲击强度提高了400%左右;随着GEVA接枝率的提高,淀粉逐渐被GEVA相包覆,促进了淀粉在PLA基体中的分散;同时复合材料的吸水性降低,结晶能力减弱。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.