血浆置换结合联合化疗治疗活动性强直性脊柱炎

1目的强直性脊柱炎（AS）是一种免疫性疾病，迄今还没有特效疗法。利用血浆置换（PE）有清除免疫性疾病患者血浆中的抗原、抗体及免疫复合物和调节免疫功能的作用，借鉴PE结合联合用药治疗难治性类风湿关节炎的临床经验，我们应用PE结合CLMS联合化疗治疗87例活动性AS患者，男66例，女ZI例，年龄10～56岁，病程0．4～1．5年。同时设立对照组互（33例），对照组11（45例）及对照组Ill（58例），研究观察治疗组与对照组不同的作用机制及疗效。所有病例均符合下列标准：（1）1966年拟定的纽约标准，（2）伴有典型的外周关节炎，（3）ESR…     

血浆置换对重型肝炎患者肝肾功能的影响

目的探讨血浆置换对重型肝炎患者肝肾功能的影响机制。方法人选的82例重型肝炎患者随机分为对照组（常规对症支持治疗）及治疗组（常规治疗＋血浆置换）,对比两组的疗效及肝肾功能各项观察指标治疗前后的变化情况。结果治疗组的总有效率为87．8％,明显高于对照组34．1％,且治疗后两组ALT、BUN、TBIL、门均明显降低（P〈0．05）,且治疗组明显低于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论血浆置换对重型肝炎患者具有较好的疗效,能明显改善患者的肝肾功能．从而促进疾病的恢复。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞结合无水乙醇瘤内注射治疗原发性肝癌

目的探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞结合无水乙醇瘤内注射治疗原发性肝癌的临床疗效。方法将80例原发性肝癌患者分为TACE联合超声引导下PEI治疗40例（治疗组）和单纯TACE治疗40例（对照组），比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗组与对照组AFP下降率为87．5％和52．5％，肿瘤体积缩小有效率为82．5％和40．0％，1、2年生存率分别为92．5％、52．5％和57．5％、30．0％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肝动脉化疗栓塞结合无水乙醇瘤内注射治疗原发性肝癌的临床疗效明显优于单纯肝动脉化疗栓塞组。     

血浆置换治疗重症肝炎的临床观察和护理

目的：探讨应用血浆置换（plasma exchange，PE）治疗重症肝炎的疗效和护理配合要点。方法：治疗组57例，对照组60例，两组患者基础治疗相同，治疗组加用血浆置换治疗。观察血浆置换对重症肝炎患者的临床症状、好转率及生化指标的影响。结果：治疗后患者乏力减轻，消化道症状得到改善，肝功能明显好转。治疗组总好转率为57．9％，其中急性、亚急性重症肝炎好转率为59．3％；慢性重症肝炎早、中、晚各期好转率分别为87．5％、69．2％、10．1％，均明显高于对照组。结论：血浆置换是治疗重症肝炎的有效手段，及早治疗可取得满意疗效，延缓病情进展。同时，认真做好治疗前、治疗中、治疗后各项护理工作，对于减轻患者的身心负担及预防并发症的发生是十分必要的。     

中西医结合治疗原发性肾病综合症疗效观察

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗原发性肾病综合征（PNS）的疗效。方法：将128例PNS病人随机分为两组，单纯西医治疗组（对照组）65例。中西医结合治疗（治疗组）63例，观察临床疗效。结果：治疗组有效率87．3％，完全缓解率34．9％，与对照组的56．9％，19．5％相比，具有显性差异（P＜0．05）。前不良反应发生率和复发率分别为14．3％，7．9％，明显低于后的47．6％，38．5％。治疗组在降低血脂，改善高凝状态，减少尿蛋白，升高血浆白蛋白改善肾功能方面亦优于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：中西医结合治疗PNS能明显减少不良反应的发生及复发，提高疗效，治疗效果明显优于单纯西医治疗。     

小剂量环磷酰胺与血浆置换治疗重症系统性红斑狼疮

目的评价小剂量环磷酰胺（CTX）与血浆置换（plasmexchange,PE）治疗重症系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的临床疗效。方法对我院收治的60例重症SLE患者分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组行小剂量CTX＋PE治疗,对照组行大剂量CTX冲击治疗,观察两组治疗后临床症状（面部红斑、关节疼痛、发热）和活动性指标（抗ds—DNA抗体、ANA、Scr、24h尿蛋白、血沉、补体C,）变化。结果与对照组相比,治疗组临床症状缓解率高且快,活动性指标有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论血浆置换可较快地控制重症SLE活动,联合应用小剂量环磷酰胺,提高近期及远期临床疗效,降低副作用。     

血浆置换与云克联合治疗强直性脊柱炎

目的研究探讨血浆置换与云克(^99TC—MDP)联合及单用云克或单用血浆置换(PE)治疗强直性脊柱炎(AS)的临床疗效。方法治疗组Ⅰ单用云克静点治疗42例AS；治疗组Ⅱ用PE结合云克静点治疗68例AS；另设对照组，单用PE治疗33例AS。治疗前后均观察记录临床及实验室相关免疫学指标的变化。结果PE 克治疗组Ⅱ疗效高于治疗组Ⅰ和对照组。结论对于活动期AS(患者多关节肿痛明显，多合并关节积液，CRP及ESR明显增高者)采用PE 云克治疗为好；而处于非活动期或晚期AS(关节间隙变窄或融合者)单用云克治疗也有较好的疗效。PE 云克治疗AS是高效、安全的，值得临床上进一步推广应用。     

人工肝联合凉血解毒化瘀方治疗重型乙肝疗效观察

目的：评价人工肝支持系统联合中药凉血解毒化瘀方治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的疗效。方法根据患者病情采用本院开展的不同模式人工肝支持系统（血浆置换联合血浆灌流、胆红素吸附联合血浆置换、双重血浆吸附联合血浆置换、分子吸附再循环）联合凉血解毒化瘀方治疗46例慢性乙型重型肝炎,30例对照组仅给予基础疗法加人工肝支持系统治疗。结果两组患者治疗后临床症状、肝功能、凝血酶原活动度、血氨明显改善,治疗组优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗组46例患者中临床治愈9例,显效25例,有效6例,无效3例,死亡3例,总有效率86.96%,优于对照组,随访半年存活率与对照组有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论人工肝支持系统是治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的有效手段,联合凉血解毒化瘀方中西医结合疗法可提高临床疗效,降低患者病死率。     

利妥昔单抗联合血浆置换治疗特发性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜疗效观察

目的：评价利妥昔单抗联合血浆置换治疗特发性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（TTP）的疗效及安全性。方法符合诊断标准的特发性TTP患者28例,2010年1月至2013年1月在我院确诊的特发性TTP患者为治疗组12例,行利妥昔单抗联合血浆置换治疗,既往确诊的特发性TTP患者为对照组16例,仅给予血浆置换治疗。结果治疗组有效率为91.67％,对照组为68．75％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,治疗组血小板在治疗后第3、5、12天后数值上升速度明显快于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,第21、28天,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;随访12月,治疗组复发率9.09％,对照组为54.55％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论利妥昔单抗联合血浆置换可有效治疗特发性TTP ,且耐受性良好。     

化疗联合CIK／DC细胞治疗中晚期结肠癌的临床疗效观察

目的观察细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）和树突状细胞（DC）联合化疗治疗结肠癌患者的临床疗效。方法63例中晚期结肠癌患者随机分为2组：研究组（化疗联合过继免疫治疗组）32例,对照组（单纯化疗组）31例,观察2组患者临床疗效、生活质量、免疫指标的变化。结果研究组化疗联合CIK／DC细胞治疗后,总有效率（CR＋PR）为65．62％。对照组单纯化疗后,总有效率为41．94％。2组之间总有效率的差异有统计学意义（χ2=4．58,P〈0．05）。研究组第1、2年生存率为96．4％、87．3％,对照组第1、2年生存率为91．3％、82．7％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。研究组治疗后生活质量及免疫功能明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论化疗联合过继免疫治疗中晚期结肠癌近期疗效好,可明显提高患者的生活质量和免疫功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.