高校科技期刊的业务流程再造实践——以《中国有色金属学报》为例

【目的】 在媒体融合的背景下,探索高校科技期刊获得良性、可持续发展的业务流程再造方案。【方法】 通过问卷调查法和深度访谈法,对《中国有色金属学报》学术用户的实际需求进行诊断分析,并依据《中国有色金属学报》一年内的业务流程再造实践,总结和设计普适性较强的高校科技期刊业务流程再造方案。【结果】 《中国有色金属学报》在学术用户群体服务与管理、学术资源挖掘和利用、缩短出版周期和媒体融合等方面进行业务流程再造并取得了显著成效。【结论】 高校科技期刊要想谋求新的发展和突破,必须基于用户日益增长的学术需求进行业务拓展,同时基于技术和机制,与时俱进地进行业务流程再造。     

菊花总黄酮含药血清对干眼细胞模型AR、NF-κB磷酸化蛋白及TGF-β1表达的影响＊

目的 观察菊花总黄酮在体外条件下对泪腺上皮细胞中雄激素受体（Androgen Receptor，AR）的调控作用及对下游的核因子κB（Nuclear Factor kappa B，NF-κB）、转化生长因子-β1（transforming growth factor-beta1，TGF-β1）的表达影响。方法 以过氧化氢（H₂O₂）诱导泪腺上皮细胞凋亡，建立细胞模型，设立无雄激素培养空白对照组、含雄激素培养对照组、无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组。以MTT法摸索含药血清最佳干预加入量；免疫印迹实验（Western Blot）以及实时荧光定量PCR法（Quantitative Real-Time PCR，qPCR）检测泪腺上皮细胞中AR、NF-κB及TGF-β1的表达情况；并应用雄激素受体阻断剂氟他胺进行AR阻断后再次检测上述指标 。结果 MTT法检测后计算得出含药血清干预细胞的最终浓度为13.2%；无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组及含雄激素培养对照组中AR、NF-κB及TGF-β1的表达增强，与空白对照组对比有显著差异（P<0.01）；无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组中NF-κB表达量比含雄激素培养对照组表达量低，两者间的差异有统计学意义。氟他胺及含药血清干预后，无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组及含雄激素培养对照组中AR及NF-κB的表达未见提高，无统计学意义。结论 菊花总黄酮对泪腺上皮细胞可能存在拟雄激素效应，从而使AR、NF-κB表达增加，并通过上调TGF-β1的表达，可能起到在泪腺局部的抗炎作用。     

以宫腔积液为首发症状的胃型宫颈腺癌1例报道并文献复习

宫腔积液指宫腔内液体积存(积水、积血或积脓),是绝经后女性常见体征之一,常于超声检查时发现。持续宫腔积液患者,需宫腔镜检查寻找病因。本文报道1例以宫腔积液为首发症状,经宫腔镜检查确诊为胃型宫颈腺癌的患者。通过病例回顾并文献复习,以期为更多绝经后宫腔积液及宫颈病变的诊断提供参考,避免漏诊及误诊。1病例资料患者67岁,女,主因"绝经18年,不规则阴道出血2月"于2020年5月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科微创中心。     

IL-37b作用于树突状细胞CD39/ATP轴抑制类风湿性关节炎大鼠炎症反应的作用及机制

目的探讨白细胞介素37b重组蛋白(rmIL-37b)通过调节CD39/ATP轴抑制树突状细胞(DC)诱导类风湿性关节炎(RA)大鼠炎症反应的机制。方法将SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组(CTL)、CIA模型组、rmIL-37b 5μg/kg组、rmIL-37b 10μg/kg组,每组各10只。除了空白对照组外,其余大鼠采用含有卡介苗的完全弗氏佐剂和牛Ⅱ型胶原混合乳液免疫刺激,建立CIA模型。确定建模成功当天(D0),rmIL-37b组分别尾静脉注射5μg/kg、10μg/kg rmIL-37b;CTL组和CIA模型组注射相同体积的(1 ml/kg)生理盐水,连续给药15 d。免疫组化法检测滑膜组织Nod样受体蛋白3(NRPL3)炎症小体的表达,流式细胞术检测DC表型,另外试剂盒检测血清三磷酸腺苷(ATP)和免疫学指标。结果与CIA模型组相比,rmIL-37b 10μg/kg组大鼠足容积、AI值、NLRP3炎症小体表达量、血清ATP、IL-1β、IL-18、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、抗Ⅱ型胶原抗体亚型(anti-ColⅡ-IgG、anti-ColⅡ-IgG2a)水平均降低,同时DC表面CD...     

p53基因突变与骨髓增殖性肿瘤临床特征及预后关系

探究p53 基因突变与骨髓增殖性肿瘤（MPN）临床特征及预后的关系。方法 选取2017年1月～2020年1月本院收治的MPN患者126例，二代测序法检测患者p53 基因突变情况。对患者进行随访，统计患者总生存（OS）时间和累计生存率；分析p53 基因突变对患者临床特征、预后的影响。结果 126例MPN患者中12例（9.52%）检出p53基因突变，突变主要位于4~8号外显子上，不同类型患者的p53 基因突变检出率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。p53突变组患者年龄大于p53 非突变组，WBC水平低于p53 非突变组（P＜0.05），两组患者的染色体核型、IPSS预后分层比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；p53 非突变组患者的OS时间、累计生存率均明显高于p53突变组患者（P＜0.05）。结论 MPN患者p53 基因突变发生率较高，与患者年龄、WBC水平、异常核型及IPSS预后分层相关，p53 基因突变会影响患者的预后，可作为临床筛查预后不良高风险人群的客观指标。     

Arterial spin labeling MR image denoising and reconstruction using unsupervised deep learning

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging is a powerful magnetic resonance imaging technique that allows to quantitatively measure blood perfusion non-invasively, which has great potential for assessing tissue viability in various clinical settings. However, the clinical applications of ASL are currently limited by its low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), limited spatial resolution, and long imaging time. In this work, we propose an unsupervised deep learning-based image denoising and reconstruction framework to improve the SNR and accelerate the imaging speed of high resolution ASL imaging. The unique feature of the proposed framework is that it does not require any prior training pairs but only the subject's own anatomical prior, such as T1-weighted images, as network input. The neural network was trained from scratch in the denoising or reconstruction process, with noisy images or sparely sampled k-space data as training labels. Performance of the proposed method was evaluated using in vivo experiment data obtained from 3 healthy subjects on a 3T MR scanner, using ASL images acquired with 44-min acquisition time as the ground truth. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed txtc framework over the reference methods. In summary, our proposed unsupervised deep learning-based denoising and reconstruction framework can improve the image quality and accelerate the imaging speed of ASL imaging.     

The impact of neighborhoods and friendships on interracial anxiety among medical students and residents: A report from the medical student CHANGES study

Objective

To examine the experience of interracial anxiety among health professionals and how it may affect the quality of their interactions with patients from racially marginalized populations. We explored the influence of prior interracial exposure—specifically through childhood neighborhoods, college student bodies, and friend groups—on interracial anxiety among medical students and residents. We also examined whether levels of interracial anxiety change from medical school through residency.

Data Source

Web-based longitudinal survey data from the Medical Student Cognitive Habits and Growth Evaluation Study.

Study Design

We used a retrospective longitudinal design with four observations for each trainee. The study population consisted of non-Black US medical trainees surveyed in their 1st and 4th years of medical school and 2nd and 3rd years of residency. Mixed effects longitudinal models were used to assess predictors of interracial anxiety and assess changes in interracial anxiety scores over time.

Principal Findings

In total, 3155 non-Black medical trainees were followed for 7 years. Seventy-eight percent grew up in predominantly White neighborhoods. Living in predominantly White neighborhoods and having less racially diverse friends were associated with higher levels of interracial anxiety among medical trainees. Trainees' interracial anxiety scores did not substantially change over time; interracial anxiety was highest in the 1st year of medical school, lowest in the 4th year, and increased slightly during residency.

Conclusions

Neighborhood and friend group composition had independent effects on interracial anxiety, indicating that premedical racial socialization may affect medical trainees' preparedness to interact effectively with diverse patient populations. Additionally, the lack of substantial change in interracial anxiety throughout medical training suggests the importance of providing curricular tools and structure (e.g., instituting interracial cooperative learning activities) to foster the development of healthy interracial relationships.     

非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者流行病学临床特点及耐药情况分析

目的分析95例非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者流行病学、临床特点及耐药情况。 方法从安徽省胸科医院2019年11月至2021年10月收治的非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者的临床病历资料中随机抽取95例进行回顾性分析，收集痰检样本完成菌种培养、鉴定及药敏试验。 结果检出非结核分枝杆菌阳性致病菌95株，其中胞内分枝杆菌(73.68%)；马萨分枝杆菌(1.05%)、马尔摩分枝杆菌(1.05%)。流行病学调查结果年龄30~65岁致病菌检出46例(48.42%)；>65~85岁致病菌检出49例(51.58%)。女性致病菌检出42例(44.21%)；男性致病菌检出53例(55.79%)。肺部影像学表现斑点或结节影(92.63%)、肺部双侧病变(80.00%)及临床症状中咳嗽(87.37%)。耐药性结果显示，非结核分枝杆菌整体对阿米卡星耐药性低，对盐酸乙胺丁醇耐药性高(P<0.05)。 结论非结核分枝杆菌肺病患者并未表现出显著的流行病学及临床特点，对于利福平、乙胺丁醇等一线抗结核药物存在不同程度的耐药。     

Synergy in IR–Hybrid CT/C-arm in the setting of critical trauma

Emergency Radiology - Access to multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning for interventional procedures can prove to be logistically challenging as resources are often in different areas...