黑色素瘤缺乏因子2在肿瘤发生发展中作用的研究进展

黑色素瘤缺乏因子2（AIM2）作为AIM2样受体（ALR）家族成员之一，其和胞质中异常存在的双链DNA进一步组装成 AIM2炎症小体而引起炎症及其相关的包括肿瘤在内的多种疾病。关于AIM2对肿瘤的作用机制，较为明确的是其作为炎症小体 发挥作用，然而AIM2在结肠癌、宫颈癌、肾癌、肝癌等肿瘤中均有差异表达，并且还通过不依赖于AIM2炎症小体的途径发挥促 进或抑制肿瘤的作用，该途径包括PI3K/AKT、EMT、NF-κB以及MAPK/ERK等信号通路。加深基于AIM2对肿瘤发生发展中作 用机制的认识可为肿瘤诊治研究提供新的思路。     

Maraviroc promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury in mice by suppression of neuroinflammation and activation of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes

Neuroinflammation and the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Maraviroc, a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist, has been viewed as a new therapeutic strategy for many neuroinflammatory diseases. We studied the effect of maraviroc on TBI-induced neuroinflammation. A moderate-TBI mouse model was subjected to a controlled cortical impact device. Mara...     

指端收缩压检测及其在手臂振动病诊断中的应用

手臂振动病（hand-arm vibration disease，HAVD）是指长期从事手传振动（hand-transmitted vibration，HTV）工作而引起的以手部末梢循环障碍、手臂神经功能障碍为主，可伴有手臂骨关节-肌肉损伤的全身性疾病。关于职业性HAVD的诊断和防治等方面尚存在发病机制不够明确、缺乏特异性诊断方法等难题。目前，不少国家以及国际标准化组织（International Organization for Standardization，ISO）多推荐指端收缩压（finger systolic blood pressure，FSBP）作为辅助诊断指标。本文拟就FSBP在HAVD诊断中的应用及其特点进行综述，为今后我国HAVD的诊断提供参考。     

讨论式教学法在温病学中的教学设计——以温病的祛湿法为例

文章以温病的治法祛湿法为例,提出讨论式教学法的教学设计,包括建立"三人为师"规则、"发言签"规则,营造讨论气氛,角色分配包括向导、刺头、记录员、法官、汇报人,然后按照"领结模型"展开讨论,最后按照表达意愿、思维技能、学生间互动、内容知识掌握情况等进行评估,旨在培养学生温病学临床思维能力与团队协作能力。     

DNA甲基化在抑郁症研究中的进展

抑郁症是一种以情绪低落、兴趣减退为主要特征的精神障碍，严重危害人类健康和增加社会经济负担。主流观点认为抑郁症是基因与环境交互作用的结果，表观遗传完美地将两者联系在一起。DNA甲基化是最主要的表观遗传修饰之一，也是抑郁症中研究最多的表观遗传机制。本文对常见DNA甲基/去甲基化酶与抑郁症的关系，候选基因DNA甲基化与DNA甲基化组学在抑郁症中的表达模式以及DNA甲基化与抗抑郁治疗的研究进展进行综述，以期为抑郁症的诊断与治疗提供参考。     

Advantages of Anti-Inflammatory Acupuncture in Treating Sepsis of Coronavirus Disease 2019

Background: Sepsisis one of the mostserious complications and a leading cause of death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In general, it isthe result of an unregulated inflammatory cascade such as a postinfection “cytokine storm.” The conventional treatment mainly relies on glucocorticoids, of which curative effects are not ideal, as they come with significant side effects. It is critical to seek or develop other effective therapeutics in dealing cytokine storm to fight COVID-19 with sepsis. Aims and Objectives: Raise awareness of the significance applying anti-inflammatory acupuncture in dealing COVID-19 patients with sepsis and provide an appropriate acupuncture protocol that can be easily integrated into existing medical guideline. Materials and Methods: Current evidences from animal experiments and clinical trials about acupuncture in treating infectious sepsis are reviewed, and a detailed discussion on advantages of anti?inflammatory acupuncture is followed, then the rationality on the point selection and stimulation parameters of acupuncture is analyzed to propose an appropriate acupuncture protocol. Results: Current experiments have shown that acupuncture can play a significant role to improve inflammation reaction and reduce mortality in infectious animal and patients with sepsis and its mechanisms are mainly achieved by stimulating the vagus?cholinergic anti?inflammatory pathways.Applying acupuncture in treating COVID-19 patients with sepsis hasfour aspects of advantages. Moreover, a simple and convenient clinical acupuncture protocol including point selection and appropriate stimulation parameters is proposed. Conclusion: Acupuncture, especially electroacupuncture, has shown potentials in effectively treating infectious sepsis of animal models and critically ill patients in small sample studies by stimulating the nervous system, but has been largely overlooked in the clinic so far. It is advised that acupuncture should be integrated into the existing medical guidelines in dealing with COVID-19 complicated with sepsis.     

老年侵袭性纤维瘤的临床特征与外科治疗

目的探讨60岁以上老年侵袭性纤维瘤(AF)患者的临床特征、手术疗效及生存预后。方法回顾性分析中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院2008年1月至2019年1月收治的22例老年AF患者的临床病理资料。结果22例患者中男10例,女12例;年龄60～80岁,平均年龄649岁。腹内型AF 6例,肿瘤均位于小肠系膜;腹壁型AF 1例;腹外型AF 15例,其中肿瘤位于胸壁4例,肩背臀部5例,头颈部6例。平均肿瘤直径为55 cm。切缘阳性者4例,分别位于头颈部2例、臀部1例、胸壁1例,其中3例患者术后行化疗／放疗。全组中位随访时间为37个月,共4例患者在我院手术后复发,均为腹外型AF。其中,复治者3例,切缘阳性者2例。中位复发时间为25个月,随访期间1例患者死于肿瘤复发。结论老年AF患者通过根治性手术切除可获得令人满意的治疗效果。初次手术疗效对老年AF患者至关重要,在尽可能保留器官组织功能的前提下确保足够手术切除范围。对于无法达到R0切除的患者,应考虑术后辅助治疗以控制局部复发。