蒂部加强穿支血管的逆行腓肠神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣的应用

Objective To report the operative technique and clinical results of reversed perforator-plus sural neurofasciocutaneous flap in lower leg. Methods Perforator-plus sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps, which designed along the axis of the sural nerve and based on the dual-pedicle of fasciocutaneous and per-oneal perforator, were used to reconstruct soft-tissue defect in lower extremities. Results Twenfy-four flaps, ranged from 25 cm×12 cm - 8 cm ×7 cm in size, survived completely without venous congestion and distal ischemia and necrosis. The color and texture of the flaps were good. The appearance and functional re-suits were satisfactory with following up for 6 to 12 months. Conclusion The modified technique in pediclehave minimized the complication, enlarged the size of the flap and improved the survive rates. It is a goodmethod in repairing large soft-tissue defects of extremities.     

桡骨远端掌侧解剖锁定接骨板治疗桡骨远端骨质疏松性骨折的疗效观察

背景：近年来桡骨远端掌侧（DVR）解剖锁定接骨板广泛应用于桡骨远端骨折的治疗,尤其是桡骨远端骨质疏松性骨折。目的：评价DVR解剖锁定接骨板治疗桡骨远端骨质疏松性骨折的临床疗效。方法：2009年5月至2011年12月共收治桡骨远端骨折87例,确诊为桡骨远端骨质疏松性骨折的29例行DVR解剖锁定接骨板掌侧入路固定。男11例,女18例;年龄56-78岁,平均63岁;骨折按AO分型：A2型3例,A3型6例,B1型1例,B3型2例,C1型6例,C2型7例,C3型4例;受伤距手术时间为1～12d,平均5d。结果：术后伤口均一期愈合,无一例出现术后感染。29例中21例获得随访,随访时间为12～20个月,平均14个月。影像学检查示均达到骨性愈合,愈合时间为12～18周,平均15周。末次随访时患者腕关节活动度：背伸41°～68°,平均52°;掌屈45°～78°,平均57°;旋前63°～86°,平均77°;旋后57°～80°,平均74°。末次随访采用Sarmiento改良Gartland＆Werley评分方法：优13例,良6例,可2例,差0例;腕关节VAS评分：腕关节完全无痛18例,轻度疼痛2例（评分为2分和2.5分）,中度疼痛1例（评分为4分）。无一例出现肌腱激惹;正中神经卡压1例,骨折愈合后6个月取出内固定并行松解术后症状完全消失;骨折背侧骨片移位1例,未对腕关节功能产生影响遂未予以处理。在背伸、掌屈、旋前、旋后4个方向的活动度比较,A型与B型骨折比较无统计学差异;A型与C型,B型与C型比较均存在统计学差异。结论：DVR解剖锁定接骨板板治疗桡骨远端骨质疏松性骨折可以获得良好的功能转归,C型骨折较A、B型骨折对腕关节活动影响更大。     

腓动脉穿支蒂腓肠神经营养血管长轴皮瓣的应用解剖及其临床应用

目的 报道吻合血管的腓动脉穿支蒂腓肠神经营养血管长轴皮瓣的应用解剖及其临床应用效果.方法 10侧下肢标本采用有色乳胶经腘动脉灌注,解剖观测腓动脉穿支血管的分布、走行及管径,寻找适合用于吻合血管的穿支血管.2007年4月至2010年1月,采用吻合血管的腓动脉穿支蒂腓神经营养血管长轴皮瓣游离移植修复前臂及手部大面积软组织缺损6例.缺损范围15 cm × 6 cm～45cm×10 cm.皮瓣面积为16 cm×8 cm～30 cm×10 cm,血管蒂长4～6 cm.结果 腓动脉沿途平均发出5.3支穿支血管,在腓骨中下1/3交界处存在恒定的适合用于吻合血管的穿支血管,血管外径为(1.21±0.13)mm,血管蒂长(4.6±0.8)cm.6例皮瓣完全存活,随访3～12个月,皮瓣质地优良,外形与功能恢复满意.结论 以腓动脉穿支为蒂的腓肠神经营养血管长轴皮瓣切取范围大,穿支血管蒂长,管径适中,血供可靠,对小腿功能影响小,是临床修复前臂及手部大面积软组织缺损的良好选择.     

蒂部加强穿支血管的逆行腓肠神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣的应用

Objective To report the operative technique and clinical results of reversed perforator-plus sural neurofasciocutaneous flap in lower leg. Methods Perforator-plus sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps, which designed along the axis of the sural nerve and based on the dual-pedicle of fasciocutaneous and per-oneal perforator, were used to reconstruct soft-tissue defect in lower extremities. Results Twenfy-four flaps, ranged from 25 cm×12 cm - 8 cm ×7 cm in size, survived completely without venous congestion and distal ischemia and necrosis. The color and texture of the flaps were good. The appearance and functional re-suits were satisfactory with following up for 6 to 12 months. Conclusion The modified technique in pediclehave minimized the complication, enlarged the size of the flap and improved the survive rates. It is a goodmethod in repairing large soft-tissue defects of extremities.     

蒂部加强穿支血管的逆行腓肠神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣的应用

目的 报道蒂部加强穿支血管的逆行腓肠神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣的手术方法及临床应用效果.方法 切取腓肠神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣逆行转位修复肢体远端皮肤软组织缺损时,在蒂部或转轴点附近增加从深部血管发出的皮穿支以加强皮瓣的血供,提高手术成功率.结果 临床应用24例,皮瓣面积为25 cm×12 cm～8 cm×7 cm,创面面积为全足～7 cm×6 cm;修复范围:由踝部至全足底.24例皮瓣全部成活,无皮瓣肿胀及静脉淤血.随访6～12个月,皮瓣质地优良,外形与功能恢复满意.结论 筋膜蒂部加强穿支血管的逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣,血供充足,增大了皮瓣的存活面积,提高了手术的成功率,为临床修复大面积软组织缺损提供了实用性的方法.     

蒂部加强穿支血管的逆行腓肠神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣的应用

Objective To report the operative technique and clinical results of reversed perforator-plus sural neurofasciocutaneous flap in lower leg. Methods Perforator-plus sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps, which designed along the axis of the sural nerve and based on the dual-pedicle of fasciocutaneous and per-oneal perforator, were used to reconstruct soft-tissue defect in lower extremities. Results Twenfy-four flaps, ranged from 25 cm×12 cm - 8 cm ×7 cm in size, survived completely without venous congestion and distal ischemia and necrosis. The color and texture of the flaps were good. The appearance and functional re-suits were satisfactory with following up for 6 to 12 months. Conclusion The modified technique in pediclehave minimized the complication, enlarged the size of the flap and improved the survive rates. It is a goodmethod in repairing large soft-tissue defects of extremities.     

下肢Gustilo ⅢB型和ⅢC型骨折的保肢治疗及疗效评价

目的 探讨下肢Gustilo ⅢB型、ⅢC型开放性损伤的保肢治疗方法及其疗效. 方法 2008年10月至2012年1月共收治82例下肢Gustilo ⅢB型、ⅢC型骨折患者,男64例,女18例;年龄21 ～64岁,平均45.3岁.骨折Gustilo分型:ⅢB型63例,ⅢC型19例.骨折部位:胫腓骨37例,胫骨6例,股骨9例,双侧胫腓骨5例,胫腓骨合并股骨11例,胫腓骨合并跖趾骨14例.肢体创伤严重程度评分:＞7分29例,6～7分32例,＜6分21例.均采用负压封闭引流(VSD)技术和延期组织瓣修复的保肢策略治疗.创面最终覆盖方式:直接缝合4例,植皮13例,肌瓣移植16例,局部或交腿筋膜瓣移植41例,游离皮瓣移植4例. 结果 82例患者术后获4 ～53个月(平均17个月)随访.78例患者保肢成功,4例(Gustilo ⅢB型、ⅢC型各2例)患者行二期膝下截肢术.保肢成功的78例患者平均负压吸引1.6次,平均手术3.7次.骨折一期愈合66例,愈合时间平均为6.4个月;延迟愈合7例;骨不连5例.9例患者出现创面感染现象,3例发生慢性骨髓炎. 结论 对于下肢GustiloⅢB型、ⅢC型骨折患者,通过彻底清创及合理骨折固定,配合VSD技术及延期组织瓣修复,可有效恢复肢体功能.     

远端蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣联合封闭负压吸引技术在胫骨远端钢板外露中的临床应用

目的 探讨远端蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣联合封闭负压吸引技术在胫骨远端钢板外露中的临床应用效果.方法 2008年1月至2010年7月,对7例7侧胫骨远端骨折术后出现皮肤软组织缺损合并钢板外露的患者采用远端蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣联合封闭负压吸引技术进行治疗.患者于钢板外露后7 ～26d接受封闭负压吸引.术后7～ 14d,创面行远端蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣覆盖.创面缺损面积4cm ×2cm～13cm ×4cm.结果 创面封闭负压吸引平均1.3次.经负压吸引后,创面肉芽组织生长良好.所有创面均行远端蒂皮神经营养血管皮瓣覆盖,皮瓣面积6cm×3cm～15 cm×6 cm.其中6例患者,术后皮瓣完全成活,1例出现皮瓣远端边缘部分坏死.术后4～6个月,X线证实骨折愈合.所有皮瓣与受区愈合良好,无骨髓炎及慢性窦道形成等并发症.结论 远端蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣联合封闭负压吸引技术在治疗胫骨远端钢板外露中能达到保留钢板、覆盖创面的目的.     

自由基清除剂对创伤后异位骨化形成中BMP-2及COX-2表达的影响

目的 研究自由基清除剂依达拉奉对创伤后异位骨化(HO)形成中骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)-2及环氧化酶(COX)-2表达的调节作用.方法 54只新西兰白兔随机分成实验组、模型组、对照组,每组18只.实验组和模型组兔适应性喂养1周后建立HO模型,对照组兔不建立HO模型,操作后第1天即开始给药.实验组给予依达拉奉30mg/次,...