In vivo detection of salicylic acid in sunflower seedlings under salt stress

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone. It plays an essential role in regulating many physiological processes of plants. Most of the conventional methods for SA detection are based on in vitro processes. More attention should be paid to develop in vivo methods for SA detection. In this work, Pt nanoflowers and GO were simultaneously electrodeposited and reduced on a Pt wire microelectrode in one step. The Pt nanoflowers/ERGO modified Pt microsensor demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for SA. SA could be detected from 100 pM to 1 μM with a detection limit of 48.11 pM. Then this microsensor was used to detect SA in the stem of sunflower seedlings under different salt stresses in vivo. The result showed that with the increasing concentration of salt, SA levels decreased. Our result was also confirmed by UPLC-MS and gene expression analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of in vivo detection of SA in plants using the Pt nanoflowers/ERGO modified Pt microelectrode. It is foreseeable that our strategy could pave the way for the in vivo detection of phytohormones in plants.

A Pt nanoflowers/ERGO modified Pt microelectrode was proposed to detect salicylic acid in plants under salt stress in vivo.     

空肠弯曲菌全菌灭活疫苗免疫鸡效果评价北大核心CSCD

目的拟研制一种可降低空肠弯曲菌在鸡肠道内定植的全菌灭活疫苗。方法利用一种新的灭活剂H;O;与CuCl;混合物灭活空肠弯曲菌制备油佐剂灭活疫苗,免疫SPF鸡后测定灭活疫苗诱导产生的特异性抗体水平,通过口服攻毒评价疫苗免疫对空肠弯曲菌在鸡盲肠内定植的影响,同时测定盲肠细胞因子在转录水平的变化,以及对盲肠绒毛长度和隐窝深度的影响。结果制备的全菌灭活疫苗免疫SPF鸡后可诱导产生特异性血清IgG和胆汁IgA,但口服攻毒后不能抑制或降低空肠弯曲菌在盲肠内的定植水平,且对免疫鸡的盲肠绒毛长度和隐窝深度无明显影响。测定的鸡盲肠中多数细胞因子在空肠弯曲菌攻毒前与攻毒后1 d的转录水平差异不明显,而在攻毒后10 d明显上升;同日龄样品比较结果显示,部分细胞因子的表达量在佐剂对照组和全菌免疫组较空白对照组明显上调。结论本试验研制的全菌灭活疫苗虽可诱导产生高水平特异性抗体,但不能降低空肠弯曲菌在鸡盲肠内的定植水平,提示空肠弯曲菌在鸡盲肠内的定植机制需深入探究。     

中美临床执业医师资格考试中关于医学人文考核的比较研究

医师资格考试是大多数国家普遍采用的医师资格认证形式。医学人文的考核在医师资格考试中占有重要地位。以临床类别考试为例,通过文献分析、比较研究的方法,比较分析中美两国执业医师资格考试和医师资格分阶段考试实证研究考试中的医学人文考核,包括考试内容和形式、考试分值及比例。发现两国医学人文考核内容和比例基本相当,但我国现行考试医学人文考核站数较少,考试形式和呈现方式有待进一步改善,下一步应继续探索标准化病人应用于我国医师资格考试的可行性,充分发挥医师资格考试对医学教育的导向作用。     

乡镇卫生院护士岗位胜任力模型构建研究

目的构建乡镇卫生院护士胜任力模型,为基层医疗卫生机构护士的培训、选拔和考核提供标准。方法通过工作任务调查表对乡镇卫生院115名护士进行工作分析,在此基础上,运用探索性因素分析对胜任力核检表的调查结果进行统计。结合专家咨询,构建护士胜任力模型。结果乡镇卫生院护士胜任特征5大特征群共15项。分别为专业素养、服务特征、协作能力和个人特征与成就特征。     

Yellow pigment formation,pigment composition,and quality of fresh-cut yam (Dioscorea opposita) slices

Fresh-cut yam (Dioscorea opposita) slices brown easily and can turn yellow under certain storage conditions. The formation conditions of yellow pigment, pigment composition, and quality of yellow fresh-cut yam slices were investigated in this study. The results showed that storage temperature, gas ratio of packaging, and slice thickness affected the formation of yellow pigmentation. The highest content of yellow pigment was found in 0.1 cm-thick yam slices stored at 25 °C for 18 h and packaged in 20% O₂ and 80% N₂. Yellow pigments were composed primarily of bisdemethoxycurcumin (73.7%) and two other unknown compounds that were not attributed to microorganisms. Yellow fresh-cut yam exhibited good quality, and the alcohol and ester extracts of yellow yams had higher oxygen radical adsorption capacity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability compared to white fresh-cut yam.

Fresh-cut yam (Dioscorea opposita) slices brown easily and can turn yellow under certain storage conditions.     

中国北方13所医学院校基础医学试卷的试题综合评价

为有效的衡量医学考试试题的质量，确保基础试题库建设的质量。现对北方13所医学院校的机能试卷的试题从认知分级、难度、与大纲一致性和是否核心等几方面进行分析，查找出试题存在的问题，提出改进意见，为更好的建设题库服务。     

The influence of the rural health security schemes on health utilization and household impoverishment in rural China: data from a household survey of western and central China

Background  

The New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS, voluntary health insurance) and the Medical Financial Assistance (MFA, financial relief program) were established in 2003 for rural China. The aim of this study was to document their coverage, assess their effectiveness on access to in-patient care and protection against financial catastrophe and household impoverishment due to health spending, and identify the factors predicting impoverishment with and without these schemes.     

卫生行业职业技能鉴定成绩与从业人员工作绩效的相关性研究

目的分析卫生行业职业技能鉴定成绩与助听器验配师和口腔修复工工作绩效的相关性。方法采用德尔菲法建立评价指标体系及确定指标权重,利用t检验和Pearson相关分析法对卫生行业职业技能鉴定成绩与助听器验配师和口腔修复工工作绩效的相关性进行分析。结果理论考试分数≥70分与〈70分的助听器验配师绩效指数差异有统计学意义（P=0.009）,实践操作考试分数≥60分与〈60分的助听器验配师绩效指数差异有统计学意义（P=0.006）;理论考试分数≥80分与〈80分的口腔修复工绩效指数差异有统计学意义（P=0.007）,实践操作考试分数≥70分与〈70分的口腔修复工绩效指数差异有统计学意义（P=0.036）。结论助听器验配师职业技能鉴定理论考试试题偏易,分数线设置偏低;口腔修复工职业技能鉴定理论和实践操作考试试题都偏易,分数线设置偏低。     

计算机模拟病例考试信度、难度及区分度研究

文章通过对350名五年级、六年级临床医学专业学生的计算机模拟病例考试的成绩进行统计分析,详细分析了考试的测量学指标,并做出分析讨论,提出合理性建议,对计算机模拟病例考试在医学教育评价的应用进行了探讨和展望。