老年活体供肾移植术后供者安全性及受者移植效果的分析

Objective To investigate the safety for donors and the effectiveness for recipients of living-related donor (LRD) kidney transplantation from elder donors. Methods 251 cases of LRD kidney transplantation were reviewed. According to the age of LRDs, the patients were divided into 2 groups:≥55 years group (group A) and <55 years (group B). The parameters studied included serum creatinine (Cr), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), creatinine clearance (Ccr), perioperative complications, average hospital stay, and acute rejection rate of LRDs and recipients were compared. Results (1)There was no significant difference in serum Cr between groups A and B at different time points (P>0.05). (2)There was no significant difference in Ccr between two groups pre-donation (P = 0.45). But at the 10th day after the donor nephrectomy, Ccr level in group A was significant lower than in group B (P<0.01). (3)Total GFR pre-donation, remaining renal GFR, and remaining renal GFR on the day 10 after donation had no significant difference in both groups A and B (P>0.05). Remaining renal GFR on the day 10 before and after donation had no significant difference in group A (P>0.05), but on the day 10 after donation that was significantly increased in group B as compared with that pre-donation (P<0.01). (4) The serum Cr of recipients at different time points after transplantation had no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). (5) The mean hospital stay after donation of LRDs and recipients had no significant difference between two groups. (6) The incidence of recipients" acute rejection was 6.50 % (5/77) in group A, and 5.75%(10/174) in group B within 6 months after operation (P = 0.95). Conclusion Transplantations performed from the elderly donors will yield similar results from younger donors if the eider donors are evaluated or assessed as the standards.     

桑白皮药材中1-脱氧野尻霉素的两种含量测定方法的比较

目的:建立和比较两种测定桑白皮中1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-Deoxynojirimycin,简称DNJ)的方法。方法:方法1:采用Hypersil NH2柱,以乙腈-水(78∶22)为流动相;ELSD检测器。方法2:采用ZORBAX SB-C18柱,以乙腈-0.1%醋酸溶液(25∶75)为流动相;DAD检测器,检测波长为265nm。结果:两种HPLC法测定结果基本一致,经t检验无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:两种方法的重现性好,灵敏度高,均可有效控制桑白皮中DNJ的含量。     

RP-HPLC法测定疏风活络片中士的宁的含量

目的 建立反相高效液相色谱法测定疏风活络片中士的宁的含量.方法 采用反相高效液相色谱法,使用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-水混合溶液(每1000 mL水中含10 mL冰醋酸、三乙胺4 mL和20 mL四氢呋喃)(18:82);检测波长:254nm.结果 士的宁在0.212～1.272 μg范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.99960,平均回收率为98.6%,RsD=2.25%(n=6).结论 本方法 对疏风活络片中士的宁进行含量测定,结果 准确,方法 简便,快速.     

不同炮制法的淫羊藿提取物对小鼠出血和凝血时间的影响

目的观察不同炮制法的淫羊藿提取物对小鼠出血时间和凝血时间的影响。方法采用断尾法测定小鼠的出血时间;用玻片法和毛细管法测定小鼠的凝血时间,并与阿司匹林进行比较。结果淫羊藿、炙淫羊藿Ⅰ、Ⅲ提取物均有延长出血时间和凝血时间的作用,尤以炙淫羊藿Ⅰ提取物作用最为明显(淫羊藿炒至吸尽油脂的提取物),而炙淫羊藿Ⅱ提取物有延长出血时间的作用,但对凝血时间无影响。结论炙淫羊藿Ⅰ的炮制方法对小鼠出血和凝血时间影响最明显。     

王庆其治疗胃食管反流病经验

王庆其教授治疗胃食管反流病，积有经验。根据临床观察，胃食管反流病主要病机总由气机升降失常，具体病机可概括为：胆胃不和，肝胃不和，肝郁脾虚，脾胃虚弱，气滞血瘀五个方面。采用辛开苦降、虫类搜剔、相反相成等方法，常可收到较好的疗效。     

黄芪多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探讨黄芪多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法60只小鼠随机分为正常对照组(生理盐水20ml·kg-1)、低剂量多糖组(200mg·kg-1)、高剂量多糖组(400mg·kg-1)、环磷酰胺(CTX,40mg·kg-1)组、CTX(40mg·kg-1)+低剂量多糖组、CTX(40mg·kg-1)+高剂量多糖组,每日1次,连续14d,14d后检测多糖对小鼠免疫器官的影响、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、T淋巴细胞增殖情况。结果CTX对小鼠的免疫功能有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05),黄芪多糖不经仅能有效对抗免疫抑制(P<0.05),对正常小鼠也有免疫增强作用。结论黄芪多糖对小鼠特别是免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能有增强作用。     

肝郁调经颗粒质量标准研究

目的建立肝郁调经颗粒(白芍、佛手、郁金、玫瑰花、代代花等)质量标准。方法:用薄层色谱法鉴别白芍、佛手、牡丹皮、当归、香附;用高效液相色谱法测定芍药苷含量,采用μBondpackC18柱;以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水-四氢呋喃(8:92:5)为流动相,流速:1.0mL·min-1,检测波长230nm。结果:芍药苷含量在0.1912～1.912μg呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率100.55%,RSD为1.25%。结论:建立的定性定量方法简便、重复性好,可作为肝郁调经颗粒的质量控制。     

窒息对新生大鼠肾组织一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶含量的影响

目的探讨一氧化氮合酶(NOS)和一氧化氮(NO)在窒息后肾损伤中的作用。方法Wistar新生大鼠48只,随机分为对照组、窒息后复氧2h组、24h组和48h组,制备常压窒息模型。窒息30min后在上述时间点处死动物,测定肾脏NOS和NO含量,并在光镜下对肾小管损伤程度进行评分。结果窒息复氧2h肾脏NOS和NO即显著升高,持续时间达24h,肾小管评分在窒息后24h和48h明显增高。结论NOS和NO在新生大鼠窒息后的肾损伤中起重要作用。     

^99mTc-MIBI乳腺亲肿瘤显像与CA-153测定诊断乳腺癌的临床价值

采用^99mTc-MIBI乳腺亲肿瘤显像和测定CA-153的方法进行分析，结合病理，探讨两种方法对乳腺肿块良恶性的诊断价值，现报道如下。     

计算机辅助设计3D打印个体化钉道模型指导椎弓根置钉报告及讨论

椎弓根置钉是脊柱最常见术式内固定术的基础 ,也是关键的一步[1 ] .精准医学理念的不断加深使安全有效的椎弓根置钉在减少并发症及保证疗效方面显得尤为重要 ,但是临床上因为脊柱独特解剖结构、患者个体差异、术者术中操作偏差等因素均可导致置钉方向出现偏差 ,引起置钉失败 ,损伤患者脊髓造成瘫痪甚至危及生命 ,特别是胸椎椎弓根置钉难度更大、风险更高[2 ] .凭借计算机数字化科学和医学生命科学的快速发展以及多学科间的交叉渗透[3] ,笔者等利用计算机辅助设计及3D打印技术研制个体化钉道模型辅助实现准确的置钉手术数十例 ,现将具体方法步骤及相关结果以1例胸椎患者为例报道如下[4 ].