2009～2010年泉州市瓶(桶)装矿泉水纯净水卫生状况分析

[目的]了解泉州市桶(瓶)装矿泉水纯净水卫生状况,确保消费者的饮水安全。[方法]依据GB/T 8538-2008《饮用天然矿泉水检验方法》、GB 8537-2008《饮用天然矿泉水》、GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》和GB17324-2003《瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水卫生标准》的方法进行检验和统计分析。[结果]2009年共检测瓶(桶)装矿泉水48份,纯净水58份,其中亚硝酸盐合格率分别为85.42%和94.83%;2010年共检测瓶(桶)装矿泉水26份、纯净水31份,其中亚硝酸盐合格率分别为73.08%和83.87%,呈下降趋势。[结论]我市瓶(桶)装矿泉水纯净水的亚硝酸盐污染情况不容乐观,加强监管,建立有效的卫生监督机制势在必行。     

全髋关节置换术中罗哌卡因麻醉效果的临床研究

目的 观察罗哌卡因在全髋关节置换术中的麻醉效果.方法 选择行全髋关节置换术的股骨颈骨折患者96例,按照就诊顺序随机分为罗哌卡因组(接受0.75%罗哌卡因麻醉)和布比卡因组(接受0.75%布比卡因麻醉),每组48例.观察并记录两组的麻醉起效时间、痛觉消失时间、痛觉恢复时间、运动恢复时间及肌松程度.结果 罗哌卡因组麻醉起效时间、痛觉消失时间、痛觉恢复时间、运动恢复时间及肌松程度[(3.51 ±0.45)min、(5.32 ±0.36)min、(9.21±2.31)min、(66.61 ±11.92)min、(2.51 ±0.41)度]均低于布比卡因组[(5.01 ±0.92)min、(6.55 ±0.72)min、(10.79±3.66)min、(73.87 ±16.57)min、(2.77 ±0.48)度](P＜0.05).两组均未见中枢神经系统、心血管系统不良反应.结论 罗哌卡因麻醉起效快,镇痛、肌松效果好,对循环、呼吸系统影响小,应用于老年全髋关节置换术安全、有效.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the anesthesia effect of ropivacaine in total hip arthroplasty. Methods Ninety-six femoral neck fracture patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group by visitation sequence,each group with 48 patients,the treatment group received 0.75% ropivacaine as the anesthesia drug and the control group received 0.75% bupivacaine. The anesthesia taking effect time, sensation disappear time,pain recovery time,movement recovery time and the muscle relaxation extent in the two groups were observed and recorded. Results The anesthesia taking effect time,sensation disappear time,pain recovery time,movement recovery time,muscle relaxation extent score in the treatment group [(3.51 ±0.45) min, (5.32 ±0.36) min, (9.21 ±2.31) min, (66.61 ± 11.92) min and (2.51 ±0.41) degree] were lower than those in the control group [ (5.01 ± 0.92) min, (6.55 ± 0.72) min, (10.79 ± 3.66) min, (73.87 ± 16.57) min, (2.77 ±0.48) degree] (P ＜0.05). There were no central nervous system and cardiovascular system adverse reaction. Conclusion The anesthesia effect of ropivacaine in total hip arthroplasty onset fast,analgesia,muscle relaxation effect are good than bupivacaine.     

ATOM P-600输液泵常见故障及检修

本文简单介绍了ATOM P-600输液泵的基本原理及组成结构,并对气泡报警、阻塞报警、流速不准、Err1＆Err2报警及其处理方法进行了分析。     

羊水过少对围生结局的影响及临床处理

目的观察羊水过少对围生结局的影响及临床处理。方法选择2004年1月至2010年12月在佛山市南海区丹灶镇医院住院分娩者羊水过少82例,按照1∶1比例选择同期82例羊水正常的孕妇作为对照研究对象,比较两组围生儿结局及分娩情况上的差异。结果羊水过少组FGR发生率21.95%、胎儿宫内窘迫21.95%、吸入性肺炎12.20%、羊水污染26.83%、产后出血12.22%、剖宫产78.00%均高于羊水正常组的6.10%、3.66%、2.44%、3.66%、3.66%、43.90;羊水过少组产程(12.12±1.21)h长于羊水正常组的(8.43±1.08)h(P<0.05),结论羊水过少是围生结局不良的高危因素,加强围生期保健,定期做好产前检查,临产后严密观察产程进展,必要时采取积极干预措施结束分娩,以避免对围生儿造成不良后果。     

补骨脂酊的微生物限度检查法

目的建立补骨脂酊的微生物限度检查方法。方法供试液制备采用供试品直接加稀释剂稀释与供试品加聚山梨酯80混匀后再加稀释剂稀释的方法进行平皿法验证试验,测定其回收率。结果采用供试品直接加稀释剂制备的供试液的验证试验的回收率0,当采用加聚山梨酯80混匀后再加稀释剂稀释制备的供试液的验证试验的回收率均达70%以上。结论补骨脂酊的微生物限度检查,供试液的制备采用供试液加10g聚山梨酯80混匀后再加稀释剂制备进行微生物限度检查。     

MMP3在早期骨关节炎模型软骨下骨的表达及其意义

目的: 研究早期骨关节炎软骨下骨基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP3)的表达情况,为阐述其在骨关节炎致病中的重要作用提供依据。方法: 大鼠分为实验组(n=30)和对照组(n=30)。实验组切除右膝内侧半月板并切断内侧副韧带,对照组仅切开关节囊。于术后1、2、4周取右膝关节标本,病理检查验证造模成功后,采用qPCR技术及免疫组化技术从基因水平及蛋白水平全面分析软骨下骨MMP3的表达情况。结果: (1)术后1周,软骨下骨的MMP3在实验组的表达量明显升高,是对照组的8.34倍(P＜0.05);术后2周,MMP3在实验组的表达量也升高,是对照组的4.85倍(P＜0.05),但相对于术后1周,表达量有所下降;术后4周,2组的MMP3表达量无显著差异;(2)术后1周与术后2周,实验组软骨下骨区检测到大量的MMP3阳性细胞,以小单核细胞及多核巨细胞为主,术后4周实验组、对照组及阴性对照组织切片均未检测到MMP3阳性细胞。结论: 软骨下骨MMP3表达在早期骨关节炎致病机制中起了重要作用。     

壳聚糖微球转染人IL-1Ra与TGF-β1基因治疗兔骨关节炎

目的 探讨壳聚糖微球转染人IL-1Ra与TGF-β1基因治疗兔膝关节早期骨关节炎的方法与效果.方法 制备分别包裹IL-1Ra质粒DNA和TGF-β1质粒DNA的壳聚糖微球缓释系统,分组向兔膝关节早期骨关节炎模型关节腔注射含IL-1Ra基因和(或)TGF-β1基因的壳聚糖微球、不含上述基因的壳聚糖溶液,定期处死,使用ELISA检测关节腔灌洗液的IL-1Ra、TGF-β1浓度,取关节标本Mankin评分、苏木精-伊红(HE)染色、番红O染色及免疫组化检测.结果 经过60 d观察,壳聚糖微球转染基因组的IL-1Ra与TGF-β1的基因可持续表达,双基因组的软骨标本从外观、染色观察,损伤程度轻于单基因组.双基因组的Mankin评分明显低于单基因组(P＜0.05),单基因组的Mankin评分明显低于空白组(P＜0.05).结论 关节腔注射壳聚糖微球转染IL-1Ra与TGF-β1基因能抑制软骨的退变和促进软骨的修复.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the method and effect of transinfection of rabbit early knee osteoarthritis models via chitosan microsphere with gene of recombined human IL-1Ra gene and TGF-β1 gene. Methods Chitosan microspheres with plasmids of IL-1Ra gene and TGF-β1 gene, and rabbit early knee osteoarthritis models were prepared. Rabbits in different groups had intra-articular injections of chitosan microsphere containing IL-1Ra gene and / or TGF-β1 gene, and chitosan solution as control group before being executed regularly and randomly. The joint specimens were evaluated by HE staining, lycopene red O staining and immunohistochemical analysis and Mankin's score. ELISA was used for detection of IL-IRa and TGF-β1 concentration of articular cavity fluid in each group. Results The control group was consistent with the pathological changes of early OA. In co-transinfection group, judging from the appearance and staining of cartilage,the OA damage of the specimens was less serious than other groups'. Its Mankin's score was significantly lower than single-gene transinfection group (P ＜ 0.05), and the latters Mankin's score were significantly lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Intra-articular injection of chitosan microspheres containing both IL-1Ra gene and TGF-β1 gene could inhibit the degeneration of cartilage and promote cartilage repair.     

透明质酸修饰壳聚糖/pDNA纳米微球的制备及体外转染软骨细胞

目的 以透明质酸(HA)修饰基因载体壳聚糖(CS)纳米微球,制作一种新型的HA/CS/pDNA基因转染系统,观察其结构特征及体外对软骨细胞的转染能力.方法 将不同比例的HA和CS与负载增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因(EGFP)的质粒DNA(pDNA)以复凝聚法制成纳米微球,以扫描电镜检测纳米微球形态,Zeta电位粒度分析仪测定其粒径、表面电位;凝胶电泳阻滞实验观察CS和pDNA的结合力;体外转染兔关节软骨细胞,以流式细胞仪及荧光显微镜检测转染效率.结果 HA/CS/pDNA纳米微球多呈球形,粒径为(223±51)nm,表面Zeta电位为(17.4±6.1)mV,可有效保护pDNA免受 DNaseⅠ的降解.体外转染实验证明HA/CS/pDNA纳米微球能介导pEGFP转染软骨细胞并在细胞内表达绿色荧光蛋白,转染率达(15.450±0.404)%,比裸pDNA组和CS/pDNA组有更高的转染效率(P<0.05).结论 复凝聚法制备的HA/CS/pDNA纳米微球是一种有效的新型非病毒基因转染系统,对软骨细胞有着潜在的靶向基因转染能力.

Abstract：

Objective To prepare hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified chitosan (CS)/pDNA (HA/CS/pDNA) nanoparticles as novel gene vectors, study their structural characteristics and gene transfection efficiency for chondrocytes in vitro in rabbits. Methods The HA/CS/pDNA nanoparticles were prepared by a DNA (pDNA), which load enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene. The morphology of the nanoparticles was observed under the transmission electron microscopy. The sizes and zeta-potentials of the nanoparticles were measured by a Marven-nano laser diffractometer. The binding of pDNA was evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis analysis. The gene transfection experiments in vitro were performed with the chondrocytes of rabbits. The gene transfection efficiency was measured by using flow cytometry and under the fluorescence microscopy. Results HA/CS/pDNA nanoparticles were mainly spherical, with an average size of (223±51) nm, and zeta-potential of (17.4±6.1) mV. The agarose gel electrophoresis analysis confirmed that they could effectively protect pDNA from degradation against DNase I. Gene transfection in vitro proved that HA/CS/pDNA nanoparticles could be efficiently transfected into chondrocytes of rabbits, the expression of green fluorescent proteins was observed under the fluorescent microscopy, and the transfection efficiency reached as high as (15.450±0.404)%, significantly higher than that of the naked pDNA or the CS/pDNA nanoparticles (P<0.05). Conclusion HA/CS/pDNA nanoparticles were an effective novel non-viral gene transfer vector, which possessed the potential targeting transfection ability on chondrocytes.     

钢丝内固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折

目的：应用钢丝通过钻孔牵拉内固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折,评价疗效。方法：2003年1月至2009年6月,28例膝关节后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者,男19例,女9例;年龄16～55岁,平均35.3岁。X线检查示骨折移位：Ⅱ度10例,Ⅲ度18例。采用膝关节后内侧倒＂L＂形入路切开复位,以钢丝内固定治疗,术后可调节支具固定,术后2周在CPM辅助下膝关节被动伸屈训练,4周在支具保护下下地部分负重,术后6周拆除支具。结果：25例患者获随访,时间6～24个月,平均15个月。X线片示骨折复位满意,所有患者获得骨性愈合,膝关节稳定,Lachman试验阴性,未发生骨折不愈合和关节僵硬等并发症。伸膝活动度正常,屈膝活动度（136±12）°。采用Lysholm膝关节评分法评估,术前（41.80±6.16）分,术后6个月（94.10±8.26）分,术前术后比较,差异有统计学意义（t=26.667,P〈0.01）。术后评定优22例,良2例,可1例。结论：应用膝后内侧倒＂L＂形入路以钢丝内固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折具有安全有效、内固定可靠、费用少等优点,可有效重建膝关节的稳定,恢复膝关节功能,是治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折较理想的选择。     

新型颅内Solitaire支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内复杂动脉瘤

目的探讨新型自膨式闭环颅内Solitaire支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析采用Solitaire支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的23例颅内复杂动脉瘤患者的临床资料。包括未破裂动脉瘤2例,破裂动脉瘤21例。行单纯支架治疗2例,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞21例。结果 23例共使用24枚支架,23枚支架均成功定位、释放,1枚解脱后移位;栓塞后即刻造影示动脉瘤致密栓塞16例,瘤颈残留4例,瘤体显影3例。术后发生抗凝、抗血小板聚集相关并发症2例。出院时按改良Rankin评分0分19例,1分2例,2分1例。死亡1例。结论 Solitaire支架输送简单,顺应性好,定位准确,完全释放后仍可以完全回收,安全性高,即刻栓塞效果满意。