新常态下中药产业废弃物资源化的思考——新结构经济学的视角

我国中药产业在发展过程中,废弃物的不科学处置对环境和资源造成双重压力,但企业缺乏废弃物资源化的动力。新常态下我国加快推进经济结构战略性调整已刻不容缓,新结构经济学对中国经济转型和产业结构升级提供了一个分析框架。文章从新结构经济学的视角对中药产业废弃物的产生、中药废弃物资源化的现实意义以及市场和政府在中药废弃物资源化中的作用进行分析。根据产业发展的阶段性特征判断中药产业属于战略型产业,提出市场机制下中药企业实行废弃物资源化的条件,并指出为鼓励企业对中药废弃物进行资源化处置,政府可通过补贴增加其私人收益或产权制度安排增加其私人成本2个方面来实现,以促进中药产业的可持续发展。     

Otite séreuse et allergie

Respiratory and/or food allergy is common in children. Serous otitis media is also very frequent in children, especially those between three and six years of age. On the other hand, in spite of promising animal studies, a cause-and-effect relation between these two conditions in man has not been established. Concerning the treatment, avoidance of food allergens may be as efficacious for an active serous otitis media as for avoidance of a new episode. Conversely, antihistamines do not appear to be efficacious, at least with respect to being curative.     

透析器重复使用的临床效果评估

目的 评估重复使用的透析器对尿毒素清除效果是否充分.方法 随机选择14位血液透析病人,平均透析月数为91.2±34.8(30-162)个月,分别连续使用1.6M2的polysufone膜透析器共计五次.结果 初次使用的透析器与重复使用的透析器对于小分子尿毒素和大分子尿毒素的清除百分比没有统计学上的差异(P<0.05).结论适当处理重复使用的透析器不会影响透析器的清除力.     

某中水回用工程职业病危害预评价

目的对某中水回用工程建设项目进行职业病危害预评价。方法采用类比法、检查表法等,对其拟采取的职业病危害防护设施等进行分析与评价。结果该项目的主要职业病危害因素有噪声、毒物,类比检测噪声、毒物全部合格,项目考虑了防噪、防毒等防护措施。结论从职业卫生的角度分析,该项目是可行的。     

Key factors underlying the willingness of patients with cancer to participate in medication redispensing

BackgroundRedispensing medication unused by patients to other patients could reduce the environmental burden of medication waste. Simultaneously, associated financial loss could be reduced, particularly for expensive medication such as oral anticancer drugs. An important determinant for successful medication redispensing is patient participation.Objective(s)To identify key factors underlying the willingness of patients with cancer to participate in the redispensing of unused oral anticancer drugs.MethodsSemi-structured interviews via telephone or video call were conducted with adult patients diagnosed with cancer from two Dutch hospitals. The interview guide was framed using the COM-B model for behavioural change, to elicit patients' capability, opportunity and motivation to participate in medication redispensing. Questions were related to patients’ willingness to accept redispensed medication, reasons thereof, perceived concerns and needs. Inductive thematic analysis was applied.ResultsSeventeen patients (aged 38–82 years, 71% female), with nine different types of cancer participated. The majority of participants supported medication redispensing.Four categories of key factors underlying the willingness of patients with cancer to participate in medication redispensing were identified. First, the driver for participation was having positive societal impact, relating to affordability and sustainability of healthcare. Second, having trust in product quality was a requirement, influenced by preconceived beliefs, quality assurance and patients’ knowledge of this process. Third, a facilitator for participating in medication redispensing was adequate provision of information. This concerned awareness of medication waste, information about medication redispensing, support from healthcare providers and other patients, and insight into medication dispensing history. Last, a convenient process for returning unused medication to pharmacies would facilitate participation in medication redispensing.ConclusionsThe willingness of patients with cancer to participate in medication redispensing relates to a drive for achieving positive societal impact, provided that medication is of high quality, there is adequate information provision and a convenient process.     

树枝状聚L-丙交酯-dendron-聚乙二醇-dendron-聚L-丙交酯的降解性能

根据对某化纤企业中水的水质监测,分析了化纤中水的水质特点和应用于循环冷却水所面临的问题,提出了系统水质稳定处理中的缓蚀阻垢要求,研制了针对化纤中水水质特点的高效缓蚀阻垢剂,测试了其在不同条件下的缓蚀阻垢性能,并在实际应用中取得良好的效果,解决了化纤中水回用于循环冷却水系统的腐蚀和结垢问题。     

Plasma cerebellin levels in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

PurposeTo evaluate levels of plasma cerebellin, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).Materials and MethodsThis prospective study included 30 patients diagnosed with acute CSC (Group 1) and a control group of 30 age-matched, healthy subjects without CSC (Group 2). Levels of plasma cerebellin, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline were examined in blood samples taken after 8-12 hours of fasting. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant in the comparative analyses.ResultsThe mean plasma cerebellin level was found to be 232.56 ± 113.28 pg/ml in Group 1 and 174.07 ± 82.04 pg/ml in Group 2 (p = 0.02). Mean plasma cortisol was 13.19 ± 3.87 μg/ml in Group 1 and 9.55 ± 2.92 μg/ml in Group 2 (p < 0.01). Mean plasma adrenaline was 60.62 ± 26.67 pg/ml in Group 1 and 46.17 ± 19.20 pg/ml in Group 2 (p = 0.03). Mean plasma noradrenaline was 206.66 ± 73.90 pg/ml in Group 1 and 149.96 ± 51.36 pg/ml in Group 2 (p < 0.01).ConclusionIt can be concluded that increased cerebellin may have a role in the etiology of CSC by increasing catecholamine expression from the adrenal medulla and indirectly by increasing cortisol levels via a paracrine effect from the adrenal cortex.