口腔种植愈合基台重复使用的相关研究进展

种植体颈部良好的软组织附着和封闭,对于种植体周围感染的预防和控制至关重要,是保证种植修复远期成功率的重要条件。然而,临床上愈合基台多为清洗消毒后重复使用,其表面可能有污染物残留以及不同程度的改变,增加种植体周围感染的风险。文章就愈合基台重复使用的现状及原因、表面特性及周围软组织附着、重复使用的潜在危害、预防处理方案等做一综述。     

透析器血室容积检测方法的探讨

目的 探讨不同检测方法对透析器血室容积(TCV)检测值的影响.方法 对60支可重复使用的透析器(低通量透析器和高通量透析器各30支),按检测方法不同分为传统检测组、改良检测组和复用机检测组3组各20支,分别采用传统检测法、改良检测法和复用机检测法对透析器使用前、后行TCV检测,并对结果进行比较.结果 传统检测组、改良检测组和复用机检测组测量6LR透析器和17 R透析器TCV基础值分别为(100.10±0.25)ml、(100.13±0.50)ml、(102.00±1.41)ml和(113.67±1.30)ml、(118.67±1.30)ml、(119.93±1.77)ml;对重复使用后6LR透析器和17 R透析器进行TCV检测,检测值分别为(95.20±7.76)ml、(96.20±7.22)ml、(102.80±4.26)ml和(100.00±11.48)ml、(114.35±3.31)ml、(117.07±2.96)ml;改良检测组与传统检测组对重复使用高通量透析器TCV检测值的比较差异显著.结论 采用改良检测法对重复使用高通量透析器进行TCV检测,能提高TCV检测值的准确性.     

软件重用在基于TMN的网络管理系统中的应用

本文针对软件重用技术在基于TMN网络管理系统中的应用进行了研究与探讨。在基于TMN的网络管理系统中 ,包括了基于功能实体的重用、基于功能单元的重用和基于基本管理应用单元的重用。最后 ,给出了软件重用在实际的ATM网络管理系统设计中的应用。     

Influence of Reuse and of Reuse Sterilants on the First-Use Syndrome

Over a 4 year period, five of 98 patients at our dialysis unit developed signs and symptoms consistent with first-use syndrome (FUS). Marked improvement was noted after subjecting new dialyzers to automated processing using either formaldehyde or peracetic acid. No episodes of FUS occurred in patients being treated with reused dialyzers. Use of formaldehyde sterilization was associated with development of anti-N-like antibodies in the blood of four (8%) of 50 patients over a follow-up period of 14 months. In two patients on the reuse program, itching during dialysis resolved after changing from formaldehyde-sterilization to a method using peracetic acid. Our results confirm the beneficial effects of reuse with regard to first-use syndrome. However, our data also suggest that use of formaldehyde, the most common reuse sterilant, continues to be associated with undesirable clinical and laboratory side effects.     

The Safety of Reusing Injectable Collagen: A Multicenter Microbiological Study

We have previously reported pilot data regarding the safety of saving partially used syringes of a glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen for use in subsequent treatment sessions with the same individual. That single institution study involved 56 partially used syringes cultured for aerobic bacteria. Only one weakly positive culture was detected among these 56 samples, which prompted us to carry out this expanded study involving multiple centers and different injection techniques. Samples were collected from four centers. Following periurethral injection in an office setting, 166 partially used syringes of glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen were refrigerated for between 1 and 104 weeks (average 58). Material from all 166 syringes was then cultured qualitatively and quantitatively for both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Collagen from one syringe grew >100 000 colonies of Escherichia coli. All other cultures were negative. In the pilot study, one culture of 56 syringes was weakly positive for coagulase-negative staphylococcus. When the results from both studies were considered together, only two of 222 partially used syringes (0.9%) were contaminated. The background risk of local infection associated with periurethral collagen injection is approximately 0.29%. Using the statistical equation ‘number needed to harm’, we found that a clinician would have to reuse 111 syringes at a saving of $34,965 before he or she would cause a single local injection by so doing. Therefore, we feel that it may be cose-effective and safe to reinject material from a partially used syringe of glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen during a subsequent treatment session on an individual.     

复用滤器对联机血液透析滤过溶质清除率及安全性的影响

目的 研究复用滤器对联机血液透析滤过溶质清除率、安全性及氧化应激指标的影响。方法 8例稳定的维持性透析患者分别接受初用和复用滤器的后稀释联机血液透析滤过治疗。测定透析开始后20 min和整个治疗时间的透析液侧及血液侧溶质清除率。全血培养法测定透前、透后、透析开始后20 min滤器前后细胞因子产生量。高效液相色谱法测定透前、透后血浆及透析液中总抗坏血酸、脱氢抗坏血酸和维生素E含量。结果 两组透析开始后20 min及总治疗时间内透析液侧及血液侧小分子物质清除率相似,但复用组β2-微球蛋白(β2-m)吸附清除率明显低于初用组,透析液侧清除率则显著高于初用组。复用组透析液白蛋白含量明显高于初用组,两组透前、透后维生素E水平无显著改变,但透后总抗坏血酸水平均明显下降,其中复用组透析后脱氢抗坏血酸/总抗坏血酸比例较透前明显下降。全血培养法显示,两组彼此之间及透前、透后及透析开始后20 min滤器前后细胞因子产生量差异均无显著性意义。初用组及复用组透析中临床症状以及透析后体温无明显差异。结论复用滤器不影响联机血液透析滤过的溶质清除率,但可增加白蛋白丢失;虽然复用滤器对血液炎症因子产生细胞的激活程度与初用组相似,但有增加氧化应激的危险。