臀部筋膜脂肪瓣修复坐骨结节和大转子复发性窦道型压疮

目的总结臀部筋膜脂肪瓣修复坐骨结节、大转子复发性窦道型压疮的效果。方法2018 年 2 月—2019 年 6 月，收治 12 例 13 处长期截瘫伴坐骨结节、大转子复发性窦道型压疮患者。其中男 10 例 11 处，女 2 例 2 处；年龄 46～56 岁，平均 51 岁。截瘫 10～20 年，平均 13 年；所有患者均有压疮手术史，术后 3 个月～12 年复发。其中坐骨结节处压疮 11 例，坐骨结节合并大转子处压疮 1 例。创面清创、切除窦道假性滑液囊，采用单侧或双侧臀部筋膜脂肪瓣填塞窦道，术区一期缝合闭合切口。结果术后 13 处压疮切口均Ⅰ期愈合，局部无红肿、渗液，术后 14 d 拆线出院。术后局部平坦，外观理想。术后患者均获随访，随访时间 8～24 个月，平均 14 个月。随访期间压疮均无复发。结论臀部脂肪组织丰富，利用筋膜脂肪瓣修复坐骨结节、大转子复发性窦道型压疮设计、操作简便，临床效果良好。     

踇甲皮瓣联合腓动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植再造拇指并修复足部供区 15 例

目的总结应用踇甲皮瓣再造拇指及腓动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植修复足部供区的手术方法及临床效果。方法2016 年 6 月—2018 年 5 月，应用踇甲皮瓣联合腓动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植再造拇指并修复足部供区 15 例。男 10 例，女 5 例；年龄 21～48 岁，平均 34.6 岁。致伤原因：重物压砸伤 7 例，机器绞伤 5 例，电锯切割伤 3 例。Ⅰ度缺损 9 例，Ⅱ度缺损 6 例。入院至皮瓣手术时间 4～7 d，平均 5.2 d。结果术后踇甲皮瓣及腓动脉穿支皮瓣全部成活，切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访，随访时间 8～24 个月，平均 16.4 个月。末次随访时，再造拇指指甲生长平整，有光泽，指腹饱满；足部皮瓣外形良好，颜色及质地接近受区。根据中华医学会手外科学会拇手指再造功能评定标准，获优 9 例、良 6 例；根据 Maryland 足功能评分标准，获优 10 例、良 5 例。患者行走步态正常，无跛行及疼痛不适。结论踇甲皮瓣修复拇指Ⅰ、Ⅱ度缺损，再造拇指可获得良好外观及功能；腓动脉穿支皮瓣具有血供可靠、血管恒定、易切取等优点，可有效修复足部供区。     

穴位埋线对肾虚血瘀型子宫内膜异位症患者IL-1β、TNF-α、VEGF和MMP-2水平的影响

目的:基于PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路,探讨穴位埋线疗法治疗肾虚血瘀型子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效及对IL-1β、TNF-α、VEGF和MMP-2等相关信号通路下游细胞因子的水平的影响。方法:选取肾虚血瘀型子宫内膜异位症的门诊和住院患者86例,按照随机数字表法随机分为穴位埋线组和西药组,西药组口服孕三烯酮胶囊(内美通),穴位埋线组在西药组的基础上采用穴位埋线进行治疗,治疗3个月后观察两组患者的临床疗效和IL-1β、TNF-α、VEGF、MMP-2等相关信号通路下游细胞因子的水平。结果:治疗后穴位埋线组总有效率93.02%(40/43),西药组总有效率83.72%(36/43),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗3个月后,穴位埋线组和西药组的VAS评分、血清IL-1β、TNF-α、VEGF和MMP-2水平均较治疗前改善(P<0.01),但穴位埋线组较西药组改善更为明显(P<0.05或P<0.01)。治疗过程中,西药组不良反应发生率为18.60%(8/43),穴位埋线组不良反应发生率为4.65%(2/43),两组不良反应发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:穴位埋线可以显著改善子宫内膜异位症患者的临床症状和体征,并能显著降低孕三烯引起的不良反应,可见穴位埋线疗法可以作用PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路,通过改善通路下游的IL-1β、TNF-α、VEGF和MMP-2水平,发挥治疗子宫内膜异位症的作用。     

基于JAK2/STAT3信号通路探讨大黄素保护AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的作用机制

目的基于JAK2/STAT3信号通路探讨大黄素保护AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的作用机制。方法将AR42J细胞以1×10~5/mL铺于6孔板,分为对照组、雨蛙素组(雨蛙素10~(-8) mol/L)、大黄素组(终浓度0.25、0.5、1.0mg/L),通过碘-淀粉比色法淀粉酶(AMS)试剂盒测定细胞上清淀粉酶活力水平,确定雨蛙素刺激AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的收样时间;ELISA法检测TNF-α活力;Western blot法分析JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白的表达情况。结果①与对照组比较,雨蛙素组中的AMS、TNF-α、JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白表达量显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。②与雨蛙素组比较,大黄素各干预组可显著降低雨蛙素诱导的胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的淀粉酶活力、TNF-α含量、JAK2和STAT3的mRNA相对表达量,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。③大黄素0.5、1.0 mg/L干预组的作用优于0.25 mg/L干预组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论大黄素能够减轻雨蛙素诱导的胰腺腺泡细胞损伤,其作用机制可能与调控JAK2/STAT3信号通路有关。     

Proposal of a novel subclassification of pN3b for improvement the prognostic discrimination ability of gastric cancer patients

IntroductionIn the recent edition of TNM staging system, pN3b gastric cancer were separated into the staging system for better prognosis accuracy. The definition of pN3b contains a large range of metastasis lymph nodes (mLNs). However, few studies have evaluated the prognosis of pN3b patients and it remains unknown whether these patients were reasonably assigned into the same substage.Materials and methodsA total of 642 pN3b patients from a multi-institutional cohort in China were included. Disease-specific survival (DSS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify the independent prognostic factors. Restricted cubic spine model was used to specify the association between the continuous variables and the logarithm Hazard ratios (HRs). The optimal cut-off value of mLNs for DSS was identified using the X-tile software.ResultsThe 5-year DSS rate of total pN3b cohort was 15.4%. The smooth curves showed a non-linear association between the mLNs and the logarithm HRs. All pN3b gastric cancer patients were divided into two subclassifications (pN3b1: 16-24 mLNs, pN3b2: ≥25 mLNs). Significant survival difference was observed between two subclassifications (P = 0.048). Additionally, more LNs examined could decrease the death risk of pN3b patients and bring survival benefit only in pN3b1 patients, but not in pN3b2 patients.ConclusionsWe proposed a novel subclassification of pN3b patients, which assigned patients into two subclassifications with significant survival difference. Future study should explore the prognosis value based on this novel subclassification in TNM staging system.     

Cinnamaldehyde suppresses NLRP3 derived IL-1β via activating succinate/HIF-1 in rheumatoid arthritis rats

Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is an essential component of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia Presland), which is often used as a flavoring condiment in beverages, pastries, perfumes, etc. Cinnamon is also used as herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia to treat rheumatoid arthritis. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate its anti-inflammatory effects against Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using activated macrophages (Raw246.7) in vitro and adjuvant arthritis rats (AA) in vivo. The results demonstrated that CA significantly reduced synovial inflammation in AA rats, possibly due to suppression of the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially the IL-1β. Further investigation found that CA also suppressed the activity of HIF-1α by inhibiting the accumulation of succinate in cytoplasm. As we know, the reduction of HIF-1α nucleation slows down IL-1β production, because HIF-1α activates the expression of NLRP3, which is involved in the assembly of inflammasome and processing of IL-1β. In addition, CA also inhibited the expression of the succinate receptor GPR91, which in turn inhibited the activation of HIF-1α. In conclusions, our results suggested that CA might be a potential therapeutic compound to relieve rheumatoid arthritis progress by suppressing IL-1β through modulating succinate/HIF-1α axis and inhibition of NLRP3.     

微小RNA-148a-3p靶向调控MAP3K9表达及对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨微小RNA-148a-3p（miR-148a-3p）对丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶激酶9（MAP3K9）的靶向调控作用及对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法 向对数生长期胃癌细胞株MGC-803转染miR-148a-3p模拟物（mimics组）和阴性对照（NC组），以未转染的MGC-803细胞为对照组；采用实时定量PCR（QPCR）检测各组miR-148a-3p水平以评价转染效率，MTT法检测各组细胞增殖能力，流式细胞术检测各组细胞凋亡情况，分别采用QPCR和Western blotting检测Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3及MAP3K9 mRNA和蛋白水平，同时采用双荧光素酶报告实验验证miR-148a-3p与MAP3K9的靶向作用关系。结果 QPCR结果显示，对照组、NC组和mimics组的miR-148a-3p水平分别为1.021±0.123、1.087±0.196和2.854±0.368，与对照组和NC组比较，mimics组的miR-148a-3p水平升高（P＜0.05）。mimics组MGC-803细胞的增殖活力较其余两组减弱（P＜0.05）。mimics组MGC-803细胞凋亡率为（15.2±1.6）％，高于对照组的（3.5±0.9％）％和NC组的（4.5±1.1）％，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与对照组和NC组比较，mimics组的MAP3K9和Bcl-2的mRNA和蛋白水平均下调，而Bax和caspase-3的mRNA和蛋白水平均上调（P＜0.05）；双荧光素酶报告实验证实MAP3K9是miR-148a-3p的直接作用靶点。结论 MiR-148a-3p可抑制胃癌细胞MGC-803的增殖并诱导其凋亡，可能通过靶向MAP3K9来发挥抑癌作用，调控miR-148a-3p／MAP3K9轴在胃癌防治中有一定应用前景。     

Benzophenone-3 promotion of mammary tumorigenesis is diet-dependent

Benzophenone-3 is a putative endocrine disrupting chemical and common ingredient in sunscreens. The potential of endocrine disrupting chemicals to act as agonists or antagonists in critical hormonally regulated processes, such as mammary gland development and mammary tumorigenesis, demands evaluation of its potential in promoting breast cancer. This study identifies the effects of BP-3 on mammary tumorigenesis with high-fat diet during puberty versus adulthood in Trp53-null transplant BALB/c mice. Benzophenone-3 exposure yielded levels in urine similar to humans subjected to heavy topical sunscreen exposure. Benzophenone-3 was protective for epithelial tumorigenesis in mice fed lifelong low-fat diet, while promotional for epithelial tumorigenesis in mice fed adult high-fat diet. Benzophenone-3 increased tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell apoptosis, and increased tumor vascularity dependent on specific dietary regimen and tumor histopathology. Even in instances of an ostensibly protective effect, other parameters suggest greater risk. Although benzophenone-3 seemed protective on low-fat diet, spindle cell tumors arising in these mice showed increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. This points to a need for further studies of benzophenone-3 in both animal models and humans as a potential breast cancer risk factor, as well as a more general need to evaluate endocrine disrupting chemicals in varying dietary contexts.     

维生素D3治疗小儿变异性哮喘的效果

目的讨论思考丙酸氟替卡松、硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入联合维生素D3治疗小儿变异性哮喘的临床效果。方法抽选于2018年12月-2019年12月期间本院儿科门诊共收治的小儿变异性哮喘患儿72例入组,根据计算机随机分组法均分为两组。对照组(n=36)给予丙酸氟替卡松联合硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入治疗,研究组(n=36)给予丙酸氟替卡松、硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入联合维生素D3治疗。评价及对比两组的疗效、T淋巴细胞含量、血清生化指标。结果研究组的疗效高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组的血清生化指标均优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组的CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+含量低于对照组,且CD8^+含量高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论丙酸氟替卡松、硫酸沙丁胺醇吸入联合维生素D3治疗小儿变异性哮喘,疗效确切,可协同增效、相互补充,缓解症状,维持T淋巴细胞亚群平衡,减轻炎症反应,值得临床借鉴应用。