3D打印骨折模型在复杂骨盆骨折手术中的治疗方法及效果探讨

目的:探讨复杂骨盆骨折手术治疗中3D打印骨折模型的应用方法及效果。方法:选取医院收治的60例复杂骨盆骨折患者,按照随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组行传统CT指导下手术治疗,观察组行3D打印仿真骨盆模型体外模拟术后,应用腹直肌旁切口钢板内固定术治疗。比较两组手术时间、住院时间和骨折愈合时间,以及术中出血量、并发症发生率和骨盆功能恢复优良率。结果:观察组手术时间、住院时间及骨折愈合时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.721,t=2.458,t=2.791,t=4.450;P<0.05);观察组和对照组并发症发生率分别为3.33%和10.00%,差异无统计学意义(x²=0.267,P>0.05);观察组和对照组骨盆功能恢复优良率分别为96.67%和73.33%,观察组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(x²=4.705,P<0.05)。结论:复杂骨盆骨折手术中应用3D打印骨折模型可缩短手术时间、住院时间,减少出血量,促进骨折愈合,可改善骨盆功能且并发症少。     

miR-145调控肝癌腹水模型Th9细胞升高的机制研究

目的:探讨miR-145调控肝癌腹水模型Th9细胞升高的作用机制。方法:构建小鼠H22肝癌腹水模型。造模两周后处死小鼠并分离出脾脏组织，流式细胞术分析肝癌腹水组（MA组）与正常对照组（Control 组）小鼠脾脏Th9细胞表达水平。ELISA法检测脾脏IL-9表达水平。RT-PCR法检测脾脏miR-145表达水平。Western Blot法检测脾脏中PI3K/Akt/mTOR/P70S6K/HIF-1α相关蛋白表达水平。分选小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞，随机分为miR-145 mimics组和NC组，分别应用miR-145-5P mimics、阴性对照寡核苷酸（negative control，NC）进行转染，RT-PCR检测各组miR-145、HIF-1α mRNA及IL-9 mRNA表达水平。结果:与Control 组相比，MA组Th9细胞及其细胞因子IL-9表达均升高（P<0.05），miR-145表达降低（P<0.05），p-PI3K、p-Akt、mTOR、p-mTOR、p-P70S6K、HIF-1α蛋白均升高（P<0.05）。与NC组相比，miR-145 mimics组miR-145显著升高，HIF-1α mRNA及IL-9 mRNA表达下降。结论:肝癌腹水中Th9细胞升高可能与miR-145下降导致的PI3K/Akt/mTOR/P70S6K/HIF-1α通路激活有关。     

Hypomethylating Agent Therapy in Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Chromosome 3 Abnormalities

BackgroundAbnormalities of chromosome 3 in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), that is, inversion 3 (inv[3]), translocation 3q (t[3q]), or deletion 3q (del[3q]), are defined as poor-risk karyotypes in the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R). The objective of this study was to further define the outcomes of patients with MDS with chromosome 3 abnormalities and address the impact of hypomethylating agent (HMA) therapy on this patient subset.Patients and MethodsThrough the MDS Clinical Research Consortium, we identified 411 patients with chromosome 3 abnormalities and MDS or oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia (20%-30% blasts).ResultsSpecific chromosome 3 aberrations and cytogenetic complexity were predictive of survival; patients with t(3q) and isolated chromosome 3 had improved overall survival (OS), albeit still poor, whereas patients with complex cytogenetics, including those with 3p abnormalities, had inferior OS. Overall response rates to HMAs among this patient population were similar to those of patients with nonchromosome 3–MDS (52%, with a 25% complete remission rate), although with higher response rates in decitabine-treated patients (69% vs. 45%, P = .008). HMA therapy improved the OS of patients with higher-risk MDS compared with intensive chemotherapy (median OS of 15.5 vs. 8.2 months; P = .017). This improvement remained significant in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio, 0.60; P = .018); however, there were no chromosome 3 aberrations among this subgroup predictive of improved response rates to or survival from HMAs.ConclusionPatients with MDS with chromosome 3 abnormalities represent a cytogenetic cohort with poor OS, and there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies.     

miRNA-325-3p通过下调细胞角蛋白13 的表达降低鼻咽癌细胞CNE1 的放疗敏感性

目的：探究miRNA-325-3p 及其靶基因细胞角蛋白13（cytokeratin 13，CK13）对鼻咽癌细胞CNE1 的放疗敏感性的影响。方法：通过miRBase、Targetscan 及Microcosm 三大数据库预测miRNA-325-3p 的潜在靶基因，并通过双荧光素酶活性检测实验进行验证，qPCR检测不同放射剂量下鼻咽癌细胞CNE1 中miRNA-325-3p 及其靶基因的表达水平变化，通过克隆形成实验观察不同放射剂量下过表达miRNA-325-3p 及敲低靶基因后CNE1 细胞克隆形成率的变化，流式细胞术验证过表达miRNA-325-3p及敲低靶基因后CNE1 在不同放射剂量下凋亡水平的变化，MTT法检测miRNA-325-3p 过表达和CK13 敲低组鼻咽癌细胞CNE1在不同放射剂量下的细胞存活率以验证其放疗敏感性的变化。结果：CK13 确认为miRNA-325-3p 的潜在靶基因，鼻咽癌细胞CNE1 经放射处理后，miRNA-325-3p 的表达水平显著升高、CK13 的表达水平显著降低（均P<0.05）。miRNA-325-3p 表达量上调和CK13 基因沉默均显著提高CNE1 细胞的存活率[miRNA上调时：（60.14±3.55）% vs（19.23±3.42）%，t=14.37、P<0.01；CK13 沉默时：（76.15±5.13）% vs（28.53±3.68）%，t=13.06、P<0.01]和克隆形成率，降低了凋亡率[miRNA 上调时：（27.95±2.67）% vs（51.68±3.47）%，t=9.39、P<0.01；CK13 沉默时：（20.31±2.62）% vs（38.14±3.83）%，t=6.66、P<0.01]。结论：miRNA-325-3p 能够通过下调靶基因CK13的表达降低鼻咽癌细胞CNE1 对放疗的敏感性。     

Rociletinib (CO-1686) enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Overexpression of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in cancer cells is known to cause multidrug resistance (MDR), which severely limits the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy. Currently, there is no FDA-approved MDR modulator for clinical use. In this study, rociletinib (CO-1686), a mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), was found to significantly improve the efficacy of ABCG2 substrate chemotherapeutic agents in the transporter-overexpressing cancer cells in vitro and in MDR tumor xenografts in nude mice, without incurring additional toxicity. Mechanistic studies revealed that in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells, rociletinib inhibited ABCG2-mediated drug efflux and increased intracellular accumulation of ABCG2 probe substrates. Moreover, rociletinib, inhibited the ATPase activity, and competed with [¹²⁵I] iodoarylazidoprazosin (IAAP) photolabeling of ABCG2. However, ABCG2 expression at mRNA and protein levels was not altered in the ABCG2-overexpressing cells after treatment with rociletinib. In addition, rociletinib did not inhibit EGFR downstream signaling and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Our results collectively showed that rociletinib reversed ABCG2-mediated MDR by inhibiting ABCG2 efflux function, thus increasing the cellular accumulation of the transporter substrate anticancer drugs. The findings advocated the combination use of rociletinib and other chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer patients with ABCG2-overexpressing MDR tumors.     

温阳补肾法对高原类风湿关节炎患者血清25羟维生素D3水平的影响

目的:观察温阳补肾法对高原类风湿关节炎患者血清25羟维生素D3水平的影响。方法:选取2015年7月至2017年8月青海省中医院收治的高原类风湿关节炎患者132例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组66例。对照组应用常规西医治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上应用温阳补肾法治疗,2组均连续治疗3个月。比较2组治疗后临床疗效,统计2组治疗前后主要临床症状与体征、健康状况评定量表(HAQ)评分和DAS28评分,检测2组治疗前后实验室检查指标、血清25羟维生素D3以及血液流变学指标水平。结果:治疗后,观察组临床治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组关节肿胀指数、关节疼痛指数、关节压痛指数、晨僵时间、关节功能分级和20 m步行时间均较治疗前显著降低(P 0. 05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组HAQ评分、DAS28评分、类风湿因子(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平均较治疗前显著降低(P 0. 05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组血清25羟维生素D3水平均较治疗前显著升高(P 0. 05),且观察组显著高于对照组(P 0. 05); 2组红细胞电泳指数、红细胞压积、血浆黏度、全血低切黏度、全血高切黏度水平均较治疗前显著降低(P 0. 05),且观察组均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论:温阳补肾法治疗高原类风湿关节炎,疗效满意,同时能明显增加血清25羟维生素D3水平。