中国国境口岸2004～2007年出入境人员传染病流行趋势分析

[目的]了解中国国境口岸出入境人员传染病流行趋势,为有效开展传染病监测和预防控制工作提供科学依据.[方法]对2004～2007年我国国境口岸4 374 343名出入境人员的传染病监测结果进行流行病学描述性研究.[结果]出入境人员职业以劳务人员居多,占34.42%,不同年度出入境人员职业分布不同(P(0.05);HIV抗体阳性、梅毒、HBsAg阳性3类传染病检出率呈现逐年升高趋势(P＜0.05),开放性肺结核检出率随年度变化差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).[结论]针对HIV抗体阳性、梅毒、HBsAg阳性3类传染病检出率呈现逐年升高趋势,应加强我国国境口岸对这3类传染病的重点监测;制定有效的防控对策,以防止传染病通过国境口岸传播.     

肠缺血再灌注损伤程度与PARP-1活性变化相关性的实验研究

目的研究大鼠肠缺血再灌注后肠损伤程度与聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶-1（PARP-1）激活程度的相关关系,探索肠缺血再灌注后PARP-1过度激活的水平。方法通过阻断腹腔干和肠系膜上动脉后恢复血运,制作鼠肠缺血再灌注模型,按不同缺血时间分组,再灌注2h后,处死动物取材,分别作HE染色、聚腺苷二磷酸核糖（PAR）的免疫组化染色,用TUNEL方法检测组织细胞凋亡情况,用Westernblot检测凋亡早期信号PARP-1片段p85和凋亡诱导因子（AIF）的表达情况。结果随着缺血时间的延长,肠损伤程度和PAR表达阳性率呈显著增高（P〈0.05）且二者呈正相关（r=0.924,P〈0.01）。PAR表达阳性率在20%左右时,凋亡早期信号PARP-1p85片段、AIF表达和TUNEL阳性率较假手术组显著升高（P〈0.05）;PAR表达阳性率在40%左右时,细胞坏死和组织损伤显著增加（P〈0.05）。结论在大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤中,肠损伤程度与PARP-1激活程度呈正相关,PARP-1激活率在20%左右时,组织损伤以细胞凋亡为主;PARP-1激活率在40%左右时,组织损伤以细胞坏死为主。     

老年原发性非小细胞肺癌患者外周血T细胞膜型和可溶性CD28的表达

Objective To explore the expression of membrane form of CD28 (mCD28) on T lymphoeytes and the serum level of soluble CD28 (sCD28) in elderly patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in order to investigate the relationship between age-related changes of CD28 and the development of NSCLC in elderly patients. Methods 63 elderly patients with NSCLC, 35 elderly patients with lung benign lesion, 30 elderly healthy donors, 30 young healthy donors, 20 young patients with lung benign lesion and 20 young patients with NSCLC were enrolled in this study. The mCD28 on T cells and the serum level of sCD28 were measured by four-color flow eytometric assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent respectively, and the relationship between CD28 and clinical characteristics of NSCLC was analysed Results The expression of mCD28 was decreased and the serum level of sCD28 was increased in elderly patients with NSCLC compared with the other groups (F= 184.25, P<0. 01 ; F= 365.40, P<0.01). The expression of mCD28 was significantly lower and the level of sCD28 was significantly higher in elderly healthy donors than those in young healthy donors and young patients with lung benign lesion (P<0. 05). There were no significantly statistical differences in expression of mCD28 and level of sCD28 between elderly healthy donors and elderly patients with lung benign lesion [(42.84±5.82)% vs. (46.09±-7.34)%, (39.38±6.02)μg/L vs. (35.84±5.02)μg/L, P>0. 05]. Logistic regression analysis showed that aging (OR=2. 432), down-regulation of mCD28 expression (OR=0. 876) and up-regulation of sCD28 level (OR= 1. 113) were the risk factors for lung cancer. In the elderly patients with NSCLC, there were significant differences in mCD28 expression and sCD28 level between stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ and stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ [(16. 51± 5.64)% vs. (24.41±8.24)%, (75.03±5.98) μg/L vs. (66.73±7.52)μg/L; t=4.497,4.794, both P <0. 01]. However, there were no significantly statistical differences among different pathological types (F=0. 609, 0. 302, both P > 0. 05). Conclusions The down-regulation of mCD28 expression and up-regulation of sCD28 level with advancing age play an important role in the oncogenesis and development of primary non-small cell lung cancer in the elderly patients.     

均匀设计法优选双藤痹痛凝胶膏剂的基质处方

目的：分析女贞子酒蒸过程中3种裂环环烯醚萜苷类成分的动态变化规律。方法：采用HPLC同时测定女贞子生品及酒蒸不同时间（4,8,12,16,20,24 h）炮制品中新女贞苷、木樨榄苷-11-甲酯和女贞酸含量,流动相乙腈（A）-0.1%甲酸溶液（B）梯度洗脱（0~19 min,12%~25%A）,检测波长235 nm。结果：新女贞苷、木樨榄苷-11-甲酯、女贞酸的线性范围分别为0.034 5~3.450,0.005 86~0.586,0.028 6~2.860 μg,平均加样回收率分别为99.49%,99.02%,97.80%。女贞子酒蒸后新女贞苷、木樨榄苷-11-甲酯含量显著降低,而女贞酸含量显著升高;在24 h内,随着蒸制时间的延长,新女贞苷、木樨榄苷-11-甲酯含量逐渐降低,而女贞酸含量逐渐升高后达稳定状态。结论：女贞子酒蒸后新女贞苷、木樨榄苷-11-甲酯产生质变,女贞酸发生量变,为科学阐释女贞子炮制机制及其饮片的规范化管理提供实验依据。     

HPLC法测定保肾口服液中绿原酸的含量

目的建立保肾口服液中绿原酸含量的高效液相色谱测定方法。方法选用Accliain 120 C18（4.6×250mm,5μm）分析柱,以乙腈-0.4%磷酸溶液（10∶90）为流动相,检测波长327nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0mL.min-1,进样量20μL。结果绿原酸在0.105～0.630μg范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9996）,该法绿原酸平均回收率为103.71%;RSD为0.50%（n=6）。结论本法简便,准确,可用作保肾口服液的质量控制。     

趋化因子CXCL16基因A181V多态性与TOAST分型的相关性研究

目的 探讨趋化因子CXC配体16（chemokine CXC ligand 16,CXCL16）基因A181V位点多态性与血清CXCL16水平、脑梗死（cerebral infarction,CI）及急性卒中治疗低分子肝素试验病因分型法（the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment,TOAST）分型的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法（polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP）检测基因型,同时对脑梗死急性期患者（n=177）和对照组（查体中心老年健康查体者,n=74）应用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测血清CXCL16水平。结果 CI组血清CXCL16水平明显高于对照组（P<0.001）;按TOAST分型后比较,大动脉粥样硬化性卒中（large artery atherosclerotic stroke,LAA）组、小动脉闭塞性卒中（small artery occlusion stroke,SAO）组及对照组三组之间血清CXCL16水平差异仍有显著统计学意义（P<0.001）;Logistic回归显示血清CXCL16水平是CI的独立危险因素（P<0.001）。CXCL16基因A181V多态性位点基因型频率及等位基因频率在CI组和对照组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）,但是TOAST分型后显示AA纯合子比G等位基因携带者（GA+GG）发生大动脉粥样硬化性卒中的危险增加（P<0.001）。多元线性回归显示,CXCL16基因A181V多态性与血清CXCL16水平独立相关（P=0.009）。结论 CXCL16基因A181V多态性与血清CXCL16水平有关,AA基因型与大动脉粥样硬化性卒中密切相关,A等位基因是大动脉粥样硬化严重程度的重要标志。     

艾可胶囊的澄清工艺优选

目的:优选壳聚糖用于澄清艾可胶囊提取液的工艺。方法:以芍药苷、柴胡皂苷a的含量和浸膏得率为综合评价指标,选择药液比、壳聚糖加入量、搅拌温度、搅拌时间为考察因素,采用正交试验优选艾可胶囊的澄清工艺。结果:艾可胶囊提取液的最佳澄清工艺为药液比1∶5,搅拌时间10 min,温度60℃,每100 mL药液加入壳聚糖14 mL。结论:优选的工艺芍药苷、柴胡皂苷a的提取率高、稳定性好、成本低,适合于艾可胶囊的临床开发。     

颈动脉狭窄的常见病因

颈动脉狭窄是缺血性脑血管病的重要危险因素 ,可由不同的病因引起。其常见的病因包括颈动脉粥样硬化、颈动脉夹层分离、纤维发育不良、Takayasu大动脉炎和放疗。     

FⅤ Leiden突变与缺血性卒中

F Ⅴ Leiden突变可导致活化蛋白C抵抗现象,是引起白种人静脉血栓栓塞的最常见遗传因素。但对这一突变与缺血性卒中的关系尚存有争议。文章综述了F Ⅴ Leiden突变的分子机制及近年来在缺血性卒中方面的研究情况。     

复方黄芩温敏凝胶的提取工艺研究

目的研究复方黄芩温敏凝胶的提取工艺,确定最佳提取工艺。方法以黄芩苷含量为指标,采用HPLC法,通过正交试验,考察加水量、提取时间、提取次数对测量指标的影响。结果复方黄芩温敏凝胶的最佳提取工艺为A1B1C3,即加水量为6倍,提取时间为1h,提取次数为3次。结论经验证,该提取工艺重复性良好,切实可行,稳定可靠。