舌咽神经痛微创手术治疗临床观察(附3例报告)

自１９９６年以来,我们收治３例舌咽神经痛（ＧＰＮ）患者,均采用微创手术方法,即微血管减压（Ｍｉｃｒｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ　ｄｅｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ　ＭＶＤ）加神经梳理,效果满意。现报告如下。临床资料：本组男２例,女１例;年龄４０～６１岁,平均５０５岁。病程１４～３６个月,平均２０个月。３例均吞咽诱发咽部疼痛,２例左侧,１例右侧,其中放射到左右外耳道深部各１例,左侧扁桃体区疼痛１例,伴头晕,心动过缓１例,３例皆无阳性体征。ＭＲＡ显示１例左侧椎动脉明显增粗,１例左侧小脑后下动脉迂曲过长。手术方法：…     

基因诊断确诊仅中脑和脑桥异常影像表现的Wilson病1例报告

正Wilson病(WD)是一种少见的常染色体隐性遗传性铜代谢异常疾病,患病率为1/30 000,携带者频率为1/(150～180)[1]。这种疾病是由于13q14. 3的ATP7B基因突变,导致过量的铜在肝脏聚集,达到饱和后释放入血[2]。其特征是过多的铜在各种组织中,尤其是肝脏和脑组织中的异常积累,角膜、肾脏、骨骼、口腔组织[3-4]等也可以受累。临床表现多种多样,主要特征是肝脏病变和神经精神症状[5],少数患者以肾功能不全、骨折、关节炎、牙痛、自主神经功能紊乱为首发表     

多囊卵巢综合征与非酒精性脂肪肝的相关性研究进展

目前研究表明,多囊卵巢综合征与非酒精性脂肪肝关系密切,二者无论是在病理基础、临床症状还是治疗上均存在联系。代谢综合征是联系多囊卵巢综合征与非酒精性脂肪肝的纽带,其典型特征——向心性肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、糖耐量受损以及血脂代谢障碍等临床问题,常困扰着多囊卵巢综合征及非酒精性脂肪肝患者。同时,二者在病因上主要与肥胖及胰岛素抵抗有关,并涉及与胰岛素信号通路相关的候选基因及葡萄糖载体4等小分子物质。此外,二者在治疗上存在的许多共同之处,包括减轻体重,应用胰岛素增敏剂、他汀类药物等。     

辨体、辨病、辨证诊疗模式在妇科疾病中的应用探析

辨体、辨病、辨证诊疗模式在妇科疾病的应用中以“先辨病,再辨证,后辨体”为诊疗主线;以病证结合与辨体论治两条纵线贯穿诊疗全程;以中西医病证结合确定基本证候要素,方证对应确定基本治疗方剂;以基本方加减法、二补一通补肾调周法及个体诊疗调体法“三法合一”为基本治疗原则,形成一套完整有效易于传承的诊疗体系.     

多囊卵巢综合征低度慢性炎症与肥胖的关系

目的 研究多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS）患者外周血白细胞与肥胖的关系。 方法 回顾性分析门诊就诊126例PCOS患者,按体重指数（body mass index,BMI）将患者分为正常组（BMI<23,n=69）和超重组（BMI≥23,n=57）。统计分析临床一般资料、检测,包括性激素、糖脂代谢因子以及炎症因子水平。 结果 超重组与正常组比较,BMI、腰围、臀围、腰臀比以及空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数、三酰甘油,总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、白细胞计数,淋巴细胞数,单核细胞数及中性粒细胞数水平升高,而黄体生成激素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、卵泡生成素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)、LH/FSH、性激素结合雄蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B水平降低（P＜0.05）。 结论 PCOS的发病机制难以明确,但是PCOS患者存在低度慢性炎症,这一发病机制的证据正在被逐步发现。PCOS慢性低度炎症的严重程度与超重或者肥胖密切相关。     

成人Ph染色体阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病免疫表型特征分析

本研究旨在了解成人Ph染色体阳性（Ph^＋）的急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）免疫表型特征,并初步探讨其在预测疾病预后和指导临床治疗中的价值。应用多参数流式细胞仪（MFC）技术对35例Ph^＋ALL和59例Ph—ALL患者的标本（骨髓或外周血）进行细胞免疫表型检测,并分析其异常表达。结果显示：所有Ph^＋ALL均为B淋系表达;Ph^＋B—ALL患者CD34和CD13表达较Ph—B—ALL显著增高（P〈0．05）,而CD38表达较Ph—B—ALL明显减低（p〈0．05）;两组患者伴髓系表达比例分别为85．7％和61．O％,Ph^＋B—ALL组显著增高（P〈0．05）,表达的髓系抗原主要为CD13和／或CD33。结论：Ph^＋ALL存在较为特征性的免疫表型,在成人B—ALL中CD34、CD13和CD38的免疫表型分析有助于提示存在Ph染色体的可能,对于存在上述特征性免疫表型的成人ALL患者应进行bcr／abl融合基因检测。以上特征性免疫表型将有助于临床上对这组疾病进展迅速、预后差的亚型患者进行预测,并指导一临床个体化治疗。     

颅神经血管压迫症的MR血管断层表现与微血管减压术疗效的相关性

Objective To explore the correlation of the operation effects of the miorovascular decompression(MVD) and the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography(MRTA) in patients of neurovascular compression of the cranial nerves.Methods Two hundred and twenty three patients treated with the microvascular decompression were analyzed retrospectively.They were grouped and graded according to the vessel compression on the cranial nerves.The compression were grouped as none, moderate and severe, and the operation effects were graded as Ⅰ ( complete relief), Ⅱ ( partial relief) and Ⅲ ( no relief).The operation effects grades were correlated according to the compression groups by Kruskal-Wallis test and the operation effects between each two of the groups were compared using Nemenyi test.P < 0.05 was defined as statistic significant.Results Of the 53 cases of non-compression group, 31 cases were graded as Ⅰ , 13 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 9 cases were graded as Ⅲ, according to the operation-effects of the decompression.Of the 110 cases of moderate group,95 cases were grade as Ⅰ , 11 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 4 cases were graded as Ⅲ.Of the 60 cases of severe group, 48 cases were graded as Ⅰ, 7 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 5 cases were graded as Ⅲ.There were statistic significance among the three groups,where χ2= 16.84 and P <0.05.The mean rank of the non-compression, the moderate and the severe group was 134.21,102.37 and 110.4 ,respectively.The difference of the mean ranks between the non-compression group and the moderate group was 31.84, and between the non-compression and the severe group was 24.17, respectively, where P < 0.05 both.Conclusions There was close relationship between the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography and the operation effects of the MVD.The operation effects of patients with moderate and severe vessel compression were much better than the non-compression group.MRTA is helpful for MVD surgical indication and its prognosis.     

理性情绪疗法对冠状动脉介入治疗病人焦虑情绪的影响

随着生命科学的发展及医学模式的转化,人类对健康与疾病的认识也已经提升到一个新的水平.医务工作者开始关注病人的心理健康问题.研究表明:焦虑是临床上常见的心理障碍,人群患病率为1.48%[1].焦虑是指人们对即将来临的,可能会给自己造成危险的重大事件,或需要自己做出极大努力去应对的某种情况时,所产生的一种紧张与不愉快的情绪反应[2].随着人们生活方式的改变,我国冠心病的发病率呈快速上升趋势,并且发病年龄呈现年轻化趋势,严重危害着人们的身体健康[3].流行病学调查表明[4]:住院冠心病病人焦虑的发生率为80%.尽管一定程度的焦虑有利于个体人格的发展,但是严重的焦虑会引起人认知能力的下降.同时焦虑情绪还会给病人带来一系列的躯体症状,并与本身疾病症状相互作用,严重影响病人的生存质量.冠心病病人在接受介入治疗除疼痛外,可体验紧张、烦躁、害怕等,从而引起焦虑[5].本研究从2006年12月起,采用理性情绪疗法对冠心病心绞痛接受介入治疗病人进行心理干预,分析干预前后病人焦虑情绪的变化,并为临床心理干预提供新的方法.     

颅神经血管压迫症的MR血管断层表现与微血管减压术疗效的相关性

Objective To explore the correlation of the operation effects of the miorovascular decompression(MVD) and the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography(MRTA) in patients of neurovascular compression of the cranial nerves.Methods Two hundred and twenty three patients treated with the microvascular decompression were analyzed retrospectively.They were grouped and graded according to the vessel compression on the cranial nerves.The compression were grouped as none, moderate and severe, and the operation effects were graded as Ⅰ ( complete relief), Ⅱ ( partial relief) and Ⅲ ( no relief).The operation effects grades were correlated according to the compression groups by Kruskal-Wallis test and the operation effects between each two of the groups were compared using Nemenyi test.P < 0.05 was defined as statistic significant.Results Of the 53 cases of non-compression group, 31 cases were graded as Ⅰ , 13 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 9 cases were graded as Ⅲ, according to the operation-effects of the decompression.Of the 110 cases of moderate group,95 cases were grade as Ⅰ , 11 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 4 cases were graded as Ⅲ.Of the 60 cases of severe group, 48 cases were graded as Ⅰ, 7 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 5 cases were graded as Ⅲ.There were statistic significance among the three groups,where χ2= 16.84 and P <0.05.The mean rank of the non-compression, the moderate and the severe group was 134.21,102.37 and 110.4 ,respectively.The difference of the mean ranks between the non-compression group and the moderate group was 31.84, and between the non-compression and the severe group was 24.17, respectively, where P < 0.05 both.Conclusions There was close relationship between the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography and the operation effects of the MVD.The operation effects of patients with moderate and severe vessel compression were much better than the non-compression group.MRTA is helpful for MVD surgical indication and its prognosis.     

山东省直管单位放射工作人员个人剂量监测结果分析

目的 为了解山东省直管单位不同放射工种工作人员的外照射个人剂量水平。方法 采用热释光剂量方法监测。结果 人均年剂量当量为0.55 mSv。两年中年剂量当量<5 mSv的人员分别占各年度监测总人数的98.27%和99.16%,仅1人年受照射剂量超过15 mSv。结论 省直管单位各工种的剂量水平普遍低于全省平均水平,并且不同工种之间的剂量水平也没有明显差异。