B超诊断腰椎间盘突出症的临床价值(附64例分析)

报告经CT检查和临床治疗证实的64倒腰椎间盘突出症的B超检查结果,B超检出70个突出之椎间盘,CT检出73个,阳性率之比为70/73。70个突出椎间盘中,中央型5个,偏中央型20个,后外侧型44个,极外侧型1个;轻度30个,中度28个,重度12个。分型分度与临床表现及治疗选择有密切关系。B超检查与CT相此较,具有近似的诊断价值,但经济、实用,操作简单方便,值得推广。     

血栓内微泡联合尿激酶介导的超声溶栓体外实验

目的探讨血栓内微泡联合尿激酶介导的超声溶栓对体外血栓的溶解效果。方法取牛全血制作血栓样本50个,随机平均分为5组后于带有侧支循环的体外循环装置中进行处理。实验1组为超声微泡尿激酶组,实验2组为超声微泡组,实验3组为超声尿激酶组,实验4组为单纯尿激酶组,实验5组为无处理组。计算并比较各组的溶栓率。并进行HE染色及免疫荧光组织学观察。结果实验1组溶栓率为(73.64±14.16)%,实验2组为(47.97±11.66)%,实验3组为(57.33±8.65)%,实验4组为(50.85±9.63)%,实验5组为(29.76±18.06)%。其中实验1组溶栓率高于其余各组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05);该组HE染色组织学检查可见明显多灶状血栓溶解,边缘可见血栓崩裂,免疫荧光可见纤维蛋白网断裂。结论血栓内微泡联合尿激酶介导的超声溶栓在体外实验中可提高血栓的溶解率。     

腹腔镜超声在经腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术中的应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜超声(LUS)在腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术中的应用价值。方法 对7例输尿管上段结石患者在腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术中应用LUS对输尿管和结石定位。结果 7例LUS检查输尿管均显像，超声引导下顺利游离出输尿管；7例结石均获得准确定位，5例用无损伤钳顺利取出结石，2例按LUS定位切开输尿管后取出结石。LUS检查时间9-20min，平均14min。结论 LUS在腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术中有实际应用价值。     

超声引导下肿瘤内注射^90钇玻璃微球的肝癌综合治疗

超声引导下对２８例肝癌病人进行了肿瘤内注射＾９０钇玻璃微球（Ｙ－９０ＧＴ ＭＳ）为主的综合性治疗（部分病人配合肿块周边注射无水酒精及门静脉穿刺化疗）。随访２～１６个月（平均７．９个月），病人全健在。肿瘤缩小率为９１％，其中显著缩小达７５％；肿块回声呈致密增强，少数呈混合型或等回声型；肿瘤内及周边血流信号显著减少；原甲胎蛋白升高者１３例，１１例显著下降，其中６例降至正常；病人症状减轻，全身情况改善。     

Choice of standard target for medical pulse-echo equipment evaluation

Comparisons have been made between plane, spherical and cylindrical targets in relation to their suitability for quantitative evaluation of the performance of pulse-echo equipment for visualizing tissues. Using fifteen different transducers, with various frequencies and beam-shapes, spherical targets were found to relate much more closely (scatter of 12 dB) than did plane targets (40 dB) with the target strength measured in post mortem human liver.     

Determination of acoustic power outputs in the microwatt-milliwatt range

A system using an electrobalance for radiation pressure measurements has been developed capable of determining acoustic powers in the microwatt-milliwatt range. Low background “noise” levels are achieved by effective isolation of the balance from building vibrations and shielding the target from convection currents. The standard deviation for a power output of 1 mW is typically less than 1 percent.     

Ultrasonic characterisation of diffuse liver disease—The relative importance of frequency content in the A-scan signal

Successful methods of ultrasonic characterisation of alcohol-induced diffuse liver disease using texture analysis (Lerski et al. 1979, 1980a, b) have studied the radiofrequency (RF) A-scan ultrasonic signal. In the present paper the Fourier spectra of such signals have been partitioned and a statistical analysis implemented to determine the diagnostic usefulness of certain frequency groups present in the signal. Although this method has not, of itself, been found to compare favourably with texture analysis it has shown that useful information is present in the high frequency portion of the frequency spectra. This information would not be available if the smoothed and demodulated A-scan signal were studied.     

Ultrasonic diffraction scanning of the thyroid

This paper reports the results of a preliminary clinical assessment of the value of ultrasonic diffraction analysis in identifying thyroid pathology. The trial involved 52 patients and nine normal volunteers and showed that, when used as a supplement to grey-scale B-scanning, diffraction analysis is capable of useful separation among several categories of pathology.