弥散张量成像对胶质瘤手术风险的评估

目的 探讨弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)在胶质瘤手术中对于保护神经功能的临床价值.方法 38例胶质瘤患者手术前后行DTI检查和神经功能评价.根据胶质瘤与其邻近部位白质纤维束的影像学关系DTI可以被分为三种类型:Ⅰ类-挤压型,Ⅱ类-浸润型,Ⅲ类-破坏型.三组患者之间术前神经功能状态的差异以及三组患者之间术后神经功能改变情况的差异分别进行比较.结果Ⅰ类-挤压型14例,Ⅱ类-浸润型16例,Ⅲ类-破坏型8例.不同DTI类型患者的术前神经功能状态之间以及小同DTI类型患者的术后神经功能改变情况之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 DTI能够显示胶质瘤与临近的白质纤维束之间的关系,体现了胶质瘤不同的生长方式,它能够帮助神经外科医生选择更加安全的手术入路和决定肿瘤切除程度.     

胶质瘤术后早期MRI复查的临床应用

利用影像学准确地判断胶质瘤手术切除的程度,鉴别术后反应性增强、肿瘤残存、早期复发等情况,对评价手术效果、估计预后、正确制定治疗方案非常重要,而检查方法、检查时机的选择以及检查结果的判定等均直接影响判断的准确性.本文对胶质瘤术后早期复查MRI的相关内容进行综述.探讨胶质瘤术后早期MRI检查的临床价值和进展.     

弥散张量成像对胶质瘤手术风险的评估

Objective To elucidate the clinical significance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) mainly used for protecting neurological functions in patients with gliomas. Methods Thirty - eight patients with gliomas were recruited to undergo DTI test and assess the status of neurological functions before and after surgery. According to the relationships between gliomas and adjacent white matter(WM) tracts, DTI can be classfied as the following types : type Ⅰ - displacement; type Ⅱ - Infiltration; type Ⅲ - Disruption. The neurological functions before surgery were compared in three groups,as well as the change of neurological functions after surgery was also compared in three groups. Results There were 14 cases in type Ⅰ , 16 cases in type Ⅱ, and 8 cases in type Ⅲ. There were significant difference between DTI types and preoperative neurological functions, as well as between DTI types and the change of postoperative neurological functions ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions DTI allows to visualizate the relationships of gliomas and adjacent WM tracts, which represent the different growth patterns of gliomas. It is useful for neurosurgeons to select suitable surgical approaches and determine appropriate extent of resection.     

弥散张量成像对胶质瘤手术风险的评估

Objective To elucidate the clinical significance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) mainly used for protecting neurological functions in patients with gliomas. Methods Thirty - eight patients with gliomas were recruited to undergo DTI test and assess the status of neurological functions before and after surgery. According to the relationships between gliomas and adjacent white matter(WM) tracts, DTI can be classfied as the following types : type Ⅰ - displacement; type Ⅱ - Infiltration; type Ⅲ - Disruption. The neurological functions before surgery were compared in three groups,as well as the change of neurological functions after surgery was also compared in three groups. Results There were 14 cases in type Ⅰ , 16 cases in type Ⅱ, and 8 cases in type Ⅲ. There were significant difference between DTI types and preoperative neurological functions, as well as between DTI types and the change of postoperative neurological functions ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions DTI allows to visualizate the relationships of gliomas and adjacent WM tracts, which represent the different growth patterns of gliomas. It is useful for neurosurgeons to select suitable surgical approaches and determine appropriate extent of resection.     

131I-Anti-EGFRv Ⅲ的制备及对U87胶质瘤细胞的放射免疫效应

目的 研究放射性核素碘(131I)标记表皮生长因子受体Ⅲ型突变体单克隆抗体IgG(Anti-EGFRvⅢ)的方法及放射免疫活性,观察标记产物131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ对U87胶质瘤细胞的生物学效应.方法 利用Iodogen法标记131I至Anti-EGFRvⅢ,测定放化纯度、标记率、比活度、稳定性.经体外细胞结合试验分析131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ的免疫活性,通过MTT法检测放射免疫效应.结果 131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ放射化学纯度>90%,24、48、72 h放射性化学纯度依次为91.25%、90.74%和89.88%.标记率为64.56%,比活度为0.56 MBq/μg.131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ与U87细胞结合率为41.69%,1.110 MBq 131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ即有最大抑制细胞生长效应,随着时间延长,抑制效应更加明显.结论 Iodogen法标记131I-Anti-EGFRvⅢ具有较好的放射免疫活性,体外能够有效抑制U87胶质瘤生长.     

弥散张量成像对胶质瘤手术风险的评估

Objective To elucidate the clinical significance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) mainly used for protecting neurological functions in patients with gliomas. Methods Thirty - eight patients with gliomas were recruited to undergo DTI test and assess the status of neurological functions before and after surgery. According to the relationships between gliomas and adjacent white matter(WM) tracts, DTI can be classfied as the following types : type Ⅰ - displacement; type Ⅱ - Infiltration; type Ⅲ - Disruption. The neurological functions before surgery were compared in three groups,as well as the change of neurological functions after surgery was also compared in three groups. Results There were 14 cases in type Ⅰ , 16 cases in type Ⅱ, and 8 cases in type Ⅲ. There were significant difference between DTI types and preoperative neurological functions, as well as between DTI types and the change of postoperative neurological functions ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions DTI allows to visualizate the relationships of gliomas and adjacent WM tracts, which represent the different growth patterns of gliomas. It is useful for neurosurgeons to select suitable surgical approaches and determine appropriate extent of resection.     

间变性少突-星形细胞瘤

间变性少突-星形细胞瘤依据世界卫生组织(WHO)2007病理学分类标准,分级为胶质瘤Ⅲ级。美国NCCN2007指引(Guideline)中,间变性少突-星形细胞瘤的治疗策略是尽最大限度切除肿瘤病灶,术后需要给予放疗和化疗,对于脑室开放者需要全脑放疗。我们收治一例肿瘤位于侧脑室旁的间变性少突-星形细胞瘤患者,该患者系年轻患者,手术时打开了侧脑室,行肿瘤全切除后未予放疗,而是结合肿瘤耐药基因MGMT检测结果(±),给予了12疗程的替莫唑胺化疗,该患者随访至今,无瘤生存已超过2年。本文就此病例的治疗进行讨论。     

弥散张量成像对胶质瘤手术风险的评估

Objective To elucidate the clinical significance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) mainly used for protecting neurological functions in patients with gliomas. Methods Thirty - eight patients with gliomas were recruited to undergo DTI test and assess the status of neurological functions before and after surgery. According to the relationships between gliomas and adjacent white matter(WM) tracts, DTI can be classfied as the following types : type Ⅰ - displacement; type Ⅱ - Infiltration; type Ⅲ - Disruption. The neurological functions before surgery were compared in three groups,as well as the change of neurological functions after surgery was also compared in three groups. Results There were 14 cases in type Ⅰ , 16 cases in type Ⅱ, and 8 cases in type Ⅲ. There were significant difference between DTI types and preoperative neurological functions, as well as between DTI types and the change of postoperative neurological functions ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions DTI allows to visualizate the relationships of gliomas and adjacent WM tracts, which represent the different growth patterns of gliomas. It is useful for neurosurgeons to select suitable surgical approaches and determine appropriate extent of resection.     

巨大复发性室管膜瘤1例报道

室管膜瘤是儿童第三大原发脑肿瘤,约占儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤的9%。本文报告1例罕见的右顶巨大复发性室管膜瘤。患者男性,10岁,7年前行右顶叶室管膜瘤切除加去骨瓣减压术,并行术后放疗。4年前肿瘤复发,未予治疗。入院体检见患者右顶巨大肿物(周径54cm),头颅CT及MRI显示右顶巨大占位17cm×16cm×17cm(约4624cm3)。手术全切除肿瘤,术后DTI显示白质传导束保存,患者神经功能改善。     

自体组织修补脑肿瘤术中硬脑膜缺损

目的探讨脑肿瘤术中自体组织修补硬脑膜缺损的取材和应用技巧。方法回顾性分析2000年7月至2006年12月间，在我院行脑肿瘤术中硬膜修补的患者的临床资料，总结自体组织和人工生物材料修补应用的方法、效果、并发症等。结果共实施手术999例、其中122例患者用其自体头皮帽状腱膜下层、颅骨骨膜、大腿阔筋膜及硬脑膜外层修补，术中硬脑膜缺损均满意修复，无感染、头皮下积液、脑脊液漏等并发症，随访6个月以上无不良反应。43例用人工生物材料修补的患者，有2倒出现发热、头皮炎症反应，需二次手术取出。结论自体组织经济实用，并发症少，基本上可以满足硬脑膜修补的需要，临床上应尽量采用。