Purification and characterization of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme from Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta Labrax Coruhensis) kidney and inhibition effects of some metal ions on enzyme activity

In this study, the carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme was purified from Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta Labrax Coruhensis) kidney with a specific activity of 603.77 EU/mg and a yield of 35.5% using Sepharose-4B-l-tyrosine- sulphanilamide affinity column chromatography. For determining the enzyme purity and subunit molecular mass, sodiumdodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed and single band was observed. The molecular mass of subunit was found approximately 29.71 kDa. The optimum temperature, activation energy (E_a), activation enthalpy (ΔH) and Q₁₀ values were obtained from Arrhenius plot. K_m and V_max values for p-nitrophenyl acetate of the purified enzyme were calculated from Lineweaver-Burk graphs. In addition, the inhibitory effects of different heavy metal ions (Fe²⁺, Pb²⁺, Co²⁺, Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺) on Black Sea trout kidney tissue CA enzyme activities were investigated by using esterase method under in vitro conditions. The heavy metal concentrations inhibiting 50% of enzyme activity (IC₅₀) were obtained. Finally K_i values and inhibition types were calculated from Lineweaver-Burk graphs.     

乌司他丁与连续性血液净化联合治疗热射病的效果及对机体炎性反应影响研究

目的 分析乌司他丁与连续性血液净化联用对热射病患者所产生的影响。方法 选取2017年5月—2019年2月在海南医学院第二附属医院进行治疗的88例热射病患者作为研究对象,将其分为研究组和常规组,常规组患者接受常规治疗,研究组患者在常规治疗基础上,将乌司他丁与连续性血液净化联用。分析两种治疗措施的效果。结果 治疗前两组患者的IL-17、TNF-α、cTnⅠ、β₂-MG、PT、D-D、ET和TM水平,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。经治疗两组患者的上述指标水平都表现出下降的趋势,相对于常规组,研究组患者下降水平更明显,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组治疗的总有效率为95.5%,高于常规组的72.7%,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 运用乌司他丁与连续性血液净化联用的疗法对热射病患者进行治疗,可获得十分理想的治疗效果,可在临床工作中推广。     

Method development of immunoglobulin G purification from micro-volumes of human serum for untargeted and targeted proteomics-based antibody repertoire studies

Immunoglobulins (Igs) are major serum proteins which play important roles in immunity. Both untargeted and targeted proteomic workflows can be applied to investigate antigen-binding sites and the glycosylation profiles of Igs. For a more-comprehensive picture of IgG from human serum, we developed an IgG purification process and coupled the standardized method to untargeted and targeted proteomic workflows for IgG investigations. Parameters such as the type of purification beads, volume of the bead slurry, incubation conditions, and binding capacities were evaluated in this study. Only 2 μL of human serum was required for each sample. The performance of coupling the purification process to untargeted proteomics in the IgG analysis was evaluated by comparing normalized abundances of IgG subclass-specific peptides with quantification results from an ELISA. Pearson's correlation values were all >0.82. Targeted proteomic workflow was applied to serum samples from patients with autoimmune pancreatitis and from healthy controls, and the results corresponded to clinical findings that IgG4-related peptides/glycopeptides showed higher abundances in the diseased group. The developed IgG purification process is simple and requires small sample volume, and it can be coupled to targeted and untargeted proteomic workflows for clinical investigations in the future.     

鸭跖草总黄酮的大孔树脂纯化工艺及抗氧化活性研究

【】目的：研究鸭跖草(Commelina communis L.)总黄酮的大孔树脂纯化工艺及其抗氧化活性。方法：以静态饱和吸附量和解析率为指标,对3种大孔树脂(D101,NKA-9,AB-8)进行筛选,并以回收率为指标,通过选用L₉(3₄)正交表设计实验,确立纯化总黄酮的最佳条件;以V_C为对照品,测定鸭跖草总黄酮清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基(DPPH)、超氧阴离子(O_2- )和羟基自由基(.OH)的抗氧化活性。结果：AB-8纯化鸭跖草总黄酮效果最好,优于D101和NKA-9,最佳纯化工艺：上梯液质量浓度为1.482mg/ml,淋洗pH为4,乙醇洗脱液体积分数70％,洗脱流速为2ml/min;鸭跖草总黄酮对3种自由基的清除效率与浓度呈正相关,清除DPPH、超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基的半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)分别为0.0170mg/ml、0.0055mg/ml、1.9327mg/ml,对DPPH和羟自由基的清除作用弱于Vc,而对超氧阴离子的清除作用强于Vc,其中鸭跖草对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力最强。结论：大孔树脂纯化鸭跖草总黄酮的效果显著,鸭跖草黄酮类化合物具有较强的抗氧化活性,值得进一步开发。     

A-40926混合物中B0组分的分离纯化

目的 开发一种高纯度A-40926混合物中B0组分(以下简称A-40926 B0)的分离纯化工艺。方法 采用中压色谱系统,以聚合物微球为载体,A-40926 B0的收率为指标,筛选聚合物微球的类型,优化洗脱条件。结果 型号为UniPS30-300的微球为最佳层析介质,上样量为10mg(每毫升填料),洗脱剂依次为体积分数30%,45%的乙醇溶液,流速为1.5BV/h(BV：层析柱体积);所得产品纯度大于95%,层析总收率大于75%。结论 此种高纯度A-40926 B0的分离纯化方法简单易行,收率稳定,适于工业化生产。     

平颏海蛇皮中新型硫酸皮肤素的分离纯化和结构表征

目的 从平颏海蛇皮中提取分离糖胺聚糖(GAGs),并对其结构进行初步表征。方法 对海蛇皮进行脱脂处理后,采用木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶联合酶解提取粗多糖,采用氯代十六烷基吡啶(CPC)沉淀和Q-Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换树脂对粗多糖进行分离纯化。运用醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳分析其GAGs种类,采用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)衍生高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析其单糖组成,利用硫酸软骨素酶降解结合质谱和强阴离子交换色谱(SAX-HPLC)法分析其2糖组成。结果 获得了2种GAGs纯化组分,并对其中1种含量较高的纯化组分(HSAP-2)进行了初步结构表征。HSAP-2中含有4种2糖,主要为单硫酸化2糖(4S和6S)和少量2硫酸化2糖(46S)、非硫酸化2糖(0S);单糖组成中含有葡萄糖醛酸(GlcA)和乙酰氨基半乳糖(GalNAc);是1种高度杂合的新型硫酸皮肤素(DS)。结论 从平颏海蛇皮中分离纯化获得了1种结构新颖的DS,为平颏海蛇多糖结构与生物活性的深入研究提供了基础。     

A validated,sensitive electrophoretic method for the detection of activin receptor type II‐Fc fusion proteins in human blood

New therapeutic proteins that trap circulating members of the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta superfamily (activins and growth differentiation factors) show promising effects on erythropoiesis and muscular growth. They are dimeric recombinant fusion proteins composed of the extracellular domain of a human activin receptor (ActRIIA or IIB) linked to the Fc part of human IgG1. Sotatercept (ActRIIA‐Fc) and Luspatercept (a modified ActRIIB‐Fc) in particular are now in phase 2/3 of clinical trials against anemia and included in the prohibited list established by the World Anti‐Doping Agency. To prevent a potential misuse by athletes in the near future, a robust and sensitive method of detection is needed. We validated an approach adapted from an electrophoretic method used for the detection of recombinant erythropoietins that allowed detection of various ActRIIA‐Fc and ActRIIB‐Fc proteins, including variants produced in different cell types, after a single immuno‐extraction step. After separation by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), an initial testing procedure performed by single‐blotting can indicate the presence of an ActRII‐Fc (indifferently type IIA or IIB). A confirmation performed by double‐blotting using different antibodies for detection allows a more precise identification of the type of ActRII‐Fc (IIA, IIB). Starting from a few hundred microliters of serum or plasma, this method is specific, sensitive, and easy to perform. It could easily be adopted by anti‐doping laboratories.     

大蒜多糖近10年在化学、工艺质量、药理及应用方面的总结

目的:大蒜作为传统的调味品,同时具有良好的药用价值,属药食两用中药。传统上,大蒜主要用于消肿、解毒、杀虫;现代研究表明,大蒜在防治肿瘤、缓解三高、降低胆固醇以及延缓衰老等方面都有良好的药理活性,受到了众多学者青睐。大蒜主要含有蒜氨酸、大蒜辣素[其不稳定,分解生成小分子硫化物,主要包括二丙烯三硫化物(DATS),二烯丙基二硫化物(DADS),二烯丙基硫化物(DAS)等,这些成分也是大蒜油的主要成分],蒜氨酸酶、大蒜挥发油、大蒜皂苷、大蒜多糖、微量元素等;其中,大蒜多糖是大蒜中一类重要的化学成分,它也是大蒜药效的物质基础之一。大蒜多糖相对分子质量在9~10 k Da,属于小分子杂多糖,水解发现其主要含有果糖、葡萄糖等,质量控制主要为检测总多糖和多糖分解后的单糖含量;大蒜中大蒜多糖的含量在70%以上;提取方法主要有回流提取法、超声提取法、酶法等。大蒜多糖具有增强免疫、抗氧化、抗病毒、保肝、保护心肌、防止心肌纤维化等多种生物活性,可开发成药品与保健品;除此之外,它还可以作为食品原辅料,用于食品生产。因此,大蒜多糖具有重要的研究价值和开发利用前景。本文就近10年对大蒜多糖的组成、提取纯化方法、含量测定、药理活性、应用等内容进行了全面归纳总结,为其深入研究开发利用提供一定的参考。     

小鼠Notch1胞外段高抗原区编码基因的克隆与表达

目的 :克隆小鼠Notch1胞外段高抗原区编码基因 ,并进行原核表达及蛋白纯化 ,为制备mNotch1的单克隆抗体做准备。方法 :计算机分析小鼠Notch1全长 ,PCR扩增其胞外段高抗原区编码基因 ,克隆入载体T -vector进行序列测定 ,然后将测定正确的片段连入GST融合表达载体pGEX - 4T - 1,得到pG -NEF ,转化宿主菌DH5α ,经IPTG诱导 ,SDS -PAGE分析 ,以及新生条带表达形式分析以后 ,用GST亲和层析柱纯化。结果 :小鼠Notch1分子胞外段近膜处约 170个氨基酸区域抗原性较高 ,PCR扩增得到大小约 5 0 0bp的特异性片段 ,序列测定结果与文献报导的完全一致 ;原核表达产物大小约Mr 43× 10 3 ,以包涵体形式存在 ,约占总蛋白的2 5 % ,纯化后目的蛋白含量 >95 %。结论 :成功地进行了小鼠Notch1胞外段高抗原区编码基因的基因克隆、原核表达及蛋白纯化。     

变形链球菌对唾液获得性膜粘附机理的研究Ⅱ.变形链球菌表面粘结素的筛选和分离纯化

通过DEAE-SphhadexA25层析和SepharoseCL-6B层析纯化变形链球菌（血清型c)地方株WD9463A表面蛋白，用细菌粘附抑制实验筛选变形链球菌粘结素，并经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳、免疫双向扩散实验、葡糖基转移酶（GTF）酶活性测定和基酸组分分析进行鉴定。结果发现表面蛋白P1，分子量约117kD和127kD的非GTF蛋白及两种GTF酶组分可有效竞争抑制变形链球菌粘附，而另一GTF组分则可促进细菌对唾液包被的羟磷灰石的粘附，提示变链表面存在多种粘结素成分。