我院106例药品不良反应报告分析

目的了解我院药品不良反应（adverse drug reaction,ADR）发生的特点及规律。方法对我院2009年～2011年收集的106例ADR报告,按患者疾病信息、药物制剂、药品种类、给药途径、ADR累积器官或系统及临床表现等进行分类统计与分析。结果 106例ADR报告共涉及药品70个品种,以抗感染药物为首,占43.40%;静脉滴注给药引发ADR比例最高,为69.81%;ADR累及器官或系统主要为皮肤系统,临床表现以皮疹、瘙痒、潮红、红斑为主。结论应重视ADR,加强相关培训,提高医务人员上报意识,进一步推动我院ADR监测与上报工作。     

The World Report on Disability as a blueprint for international,national, and local aphasia services

Abstract

This commentary aims to extend the debate of the lead article authors () by translating the nine recommendations of the World Report on Disability into a plan of action for the aphasia community. Solutions for the advancement of aphasia science and services are presented at international (macro), national (meso), and local (micro) levels. Implications for speech-language pathologists and aphasia service delivery are discussed. An overarching call to action is the need for speech-language pathologists to support a strong and vibrant aphasia community at all levels, so that the voices of people with aphasia can be heard.     

2011年深圳市公共卫生服务质量整体评估分析

目的 客观评估深圳市公共卫生服务工作的开展情况和实施效果,进一步推进基本公共卫生服务均等化.方法 由市卫生行政部门制定评估标准和评估办法,各市级专业机构遴选专家,对全市8个区(新区)的公共卫生服务质量进行机构评估和区域评估;区域公共卫生服务质量评估为辖区各专业公共卫生机构、医疗机构、社区健康服务中心落实公共卫生服务情况的综合评价.公共卫生服务质量满意度评估由第三方机构完成.结果 本次评估结果显示2011年深圳市公共卫生服务质量整体指标完成度为93.2％,精神卫生机构、职业病防治机构和健康教育机构的完成度提升幅度较大,疾病预防控制、慢性病防治机构和辖区医疗机构的完成度有所降低;各个区域指标完成度均有不同程度提高.全市公共卫生服务能力整体上有所提升,但区域之间及其各个机构之间的公共卫生服务能力仍存在不平衡现象.结论 要在落实公共卫生体制改革各项具体工作任务基础上,进一步完善公共卫生服务体系,继续推进公共卫生服务均等化.     

Psychosocial health and life-events – dynamical development in the short term. A follow-up study of children at four and six years of age

In this paper, (1) the psychosocial health in relation to (2) life-events was assessed among 156 children attending 20 schools by parents and teachers with the Child Behavior Checklist and the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form at the ages of four and six. Life-events were reported by parents. (1) According to the report, 93–96% children had no psychosocial problems. Parents and teachers report significant improvement of externalising (behavioural) problems and total problems in children with psychosocial problems at point of time 1. Teachers also report improvement of internalising (emotional) problems. Parents and teachers agree in 8–25% of the cases. (2) Of the children 46% experienced life events, no correlation was found with changes in psychosocial health. Findings may be explained by regular school attendance, resilience of the children and variability in the normative development. Remarkable dynamic is observed in change of psychosocial problems. Psychosocial development in early childhood is rather liable to change and life-events do not strongly influence psychosocial health.     

2002年河北省大骨节病监测报告

目的 掌握河北省大骨节病动态变化，为今后的防治提供依据。方法 按照国家大骨节病监测方案进行。结果 ①临床检查：35号院村共检查7—14岁学生112名，检出有早期改变3人，检出率为2．68％。丰富沟村共检查学生127人，检出有早期改变2人，检出率为1．57％。两村均未检出I度及I度以上病人。②X线检查：35号院村有效X光片为109张，其中1名11岁男孩的右手无名指干骺端X线检查阳性，阳性率为0．79％。丰富沟村有效X光片121张，均未发现阳性征象。结论 两个村的大骨节病病情处于稳定控制状态。     

166 例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：了解潍坊市妇幼保健院药品不良反应（ADR）发生情况,特别是儿童和妊娠期、围产期妇女ADR发生的特点及相关因素,避免ADR的重复发生,促进临床合理用药.方法：以2011-2012年我院上报国家ADR监测中心的166例ADR为研究对象,从患者年龄、性别、药品种类、给药途径、ADR累及器官和（或）系统、临床表现等方面进行分类统计、分析.结果：166例ADR患者中,女性107例,男性59例;0～12岁患者ADR发生率最高,共82例,其中1～3岁的儿童为40例;抗菌药物引起ADR最多,共118例,占71.1％;静脉滴注是引发ADR的主要给药途径,共150例,占90.36％;ADR主要累及皮肤及其附件,共105例,占63.25％;166例ADR中,新的ADR为2例,严重的ADR为2例.结论：应加强ADR监测知识的培训和普及,使每位医务工作者都能充分认识到不良反应监测的重要性,特别要加强特殊人群的用药监测,防止不良反应重复发生,提高合理用药水平.