榄香烯诱导HeLa细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的 从8种抗病毒、抗肿瘤药物中筛选出诱导HeLa细胞凋亡的药物,并对其抗肿瘤机理进行探讨。方法 应用相差显微镜、电镜和流式细胞仪等检测手段,证实HeLa细胞凋亡,并对凋亡的Hda细胞周期变化进行分析。结果 榄香烯阻滞HeLa细胞在G2／M期,降低HeLa细胞分裂能力,抑制其增殖;榄香烯抗肿瘤作用存在明显的阈值,即达到某一有效剂量,就可发挥强烈的抗肿瘤作用。结论榄香烯是一种有效的诱导细胞凋亡的药物,对指导临床药物治疗宫颈癌具有重要意义。     

Experimental study and clinical use of poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion as liquid embolisation material

A new material, an emulsion of poly(vinyl acetate) was experimentally developed and clinically used to overcome several disadvantages in currently used liquid embolisation materials. The emulsion microparticles, 0.3–0.7 m in size, possessed cationic charge on the surface and hence aggregated immediately on contact with fluids containing anions. This inert polymer has the advantage that it does not induce a deleterious reaction in living tissue. Moreover, its medium is water and it is not adhesive, like the cyanoacrylates. Several concentrations of emulsion were injected into the renal arteries of dogs. For the investigation of tissue reactions and the possibility of recanalisation, the emulsion was injected into rats both subcutaneously and into the renal arteries. The renal artery injections in dogs showed adequate radiopacity and consistent complete occlusion. The lower the concentration of the emulsion, the smaller the arteries which could be occluded. Even at very low concentrations, however, venous occlusion did not occur. Histological study of the embolised rat kidney revealed no detectable damage in the vessel wall and no recanalisation for up to 6 months. The subcutaneously injected PVAc emulsion elicited mononuclear cell infiltration and gradual centripetal fibrosis, without any deleterious effect on the surrounding tissue. A cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was embolised using the material. Histology of the resected nidus showed findings similar to those in the animal experiments.     

中／长链脂肪乳注射液的临床研究

目的研究中／长链脂肪乳注射液的临床有效性和安全性。方法本研究为随机双盲、平行对照、多中心实验设计,符合研究方案、需要肠外营养的住院病人161例进入本研究。其中120例为有对照的安全性和有效性研究,另设41例观察较长时间不良反应。结果两组中／长链脂肪乳在氮平衡、前白蛋白和术后与感染有关的并发症等方面作用相似,均无明显不良反应。结论本研究的中／长链脂肪乳是安全有效的肠外营养药物。     

异丙酚乳剂用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术40例体会

目的：探讨异丙酚乳剂用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术麻醉中的优缺点。方法：１００例施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,随机分为异丙酚组４０例,硫喷妥钠组６０例。观察记录两组患者手术前、给药后１ｍｉｎ、气管插管时、插管后５ｍｉｎ、ＣＯ２气腹后３ｍｉｎ血流动力学各参数并观察停药后患者苏醒情况及麻醉副作用等。结果：异丙酚比硫喷妥钠更适用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术麻醉,但也要注意异丙酚对呼吸、循环系统功能的抑制作用。     

Peripheral total parenteral nutrition employing a lipid emulsion (Intralipid): complications encountered in pediatric patients.

The clinical records of 180 pediatric patients who received Intralipid via peripheral veins at a single institution (1964-1977) were retrospectively analyzed, with particular reference to the complications of this form of therapy. Intralipid was used in a dose range of 2--4 g/kg/day in order to supply 40% of the daily calorie requirements. The patients were neonates, infants, children, and adolescents with a wide range of clinical diagnoses. Local complications associated with Intralipid therapy were minimal. Transient elevations in serum enzyme levels (SGOT, SGPT, and LDH) were observed in 4% of patients, but all of these returned to the normal range after cessation of therapy. Ten patients had histologic evidence of cholestasis, the significance of which is discussed. The lipid emulsion was employed in patients with preexisting hyperbilirubinemia with concomitant resolution of jaundice. Intralipid was administered to patients with known severe thrombocytopenia (secondary to sepsis or myelosuppression) with return of the platelet counts to normal levels during the course of infusion therapy. The use of Intralipid in patients with established sepsis did not delay its response to conventional surgical or antibiotic therapy. There were no instances of the "overloading" syndrome observed.     

阿诺宁乳化剂的抗瘤作用和急性毒性试验

 目的研究阿诺宁乳化剂的抗瘤作用和急性毒性反应。方法用小鼠和裸鼠移植性肿瘤模型测定体内抗瘤活性，用Blliss方法计算小鼠给药的急性毒性的LD₅₀。结果阿诺宁乳化剂在4，8和16 mg·kg^-1，灌胃(ig)qd×10 d，对小鼠肝癌HepS 3批实验的平均抑瘤率分别为39.2%，46.9%和55.7%；对小鼠肉瘤S-180的平均抑瘤率分别为34.6%，47.3%和54.4%；对小鼠L₂的平均抑瘤率分别为37.5%，45.9%和56.5%。阿诺宁乳化剂在7.5，15，30和60 μg·kg^-1腹腔注射(ip)×10d 剂量下，对小鼠肝癌(HepS)实验的平均抑瘤率分别为31.0%，42.9%，50.2%和62.4%；对小鼠肉瘤S-180的平均抑瘤率依次为23.6%，39.4%，50.9%和61.2%；在15，30和60μg·kg^-1，ip，每日1次，每周6次，共4周的剂量下，对人肝癌(Bel-7402)裸鼠移植瘤的抑瘤率分别为32.0%，50.5%和60.2%；在上述3个剂量下，对人肺腺癌(GLC-82)裸鼠移植瘤的抑瘤率分别为30.3%，41.9%和56.1%。结果表明，阿诺宁乳化剂ig，ip对上述5种肿瘤均有明显的抑制作用，且其抑瘤率与阿诺宁乳剂的剂量相关。用Bliss方法统计出阿诺宁乳化剂对小鼠ig一次的半数致死量(LD₅₀)及其95%可信限为74.75 (58.67～5.26) mg·kg^-1；ip的LD₅₀)为1.12 (1.01～1.24)mg·kg^-1)，静脉注射(iv)的LD₅₀为1.81(1.61～2.03) mg·kg^-1。结论阿诺宁乳化剂对多种小鼠和裸鼠移植瘤均有明显抗瘤作用。     

中药载体制剂的研究进展

总结近年来中药载体制剂的研究工作和文献报道，综述了有关脂质体、微粒、毫微粒、乳剂等作为载体在中药制剂中的应用。     

正交试验法优选复方新霉素乳膏的制备工艺

目的:改进复方新霉素乳膏的制备工艺.方法:采用三因素三水平的正交试验法,筛选最佳工艺条件.结果:以吐温-80分散药物,将药物先溶于水相,在90℃条件下混合乳化所得的乳膏质量最优.结论:以正交试验法优选的复方新霉素乳膏的制备工艺,方法简单,效果满意.     

去氢骆驼蓬碱注射用乳剂的凝聚动力学研究

采用电导法对去氢骆驼蓬注射用乳剂的凝聚动力学进行了研究，求出凝聚速度方程和25℃时半凝聚期，从而定量地预测了这一分散体系的物理稳定性。     

胸腔置管引流并腔内鸦胆子油乳注射治疗癌性胸水疗效分析

目的：观察ARROW管胸腔留置引流胸水后胸腔内注射鸦胆子油乳注射液治疗癌性胸水的疗效。方法：对24例行胸腔内留置ARROW管引流胸水后腔内注射鸦胆子油乳注射液治疗。结果：胸水消失或减少总有效率为79．17％。结论：该方法不但能有效地控制癌性胸水，改善患者生存质量，延长其生存时间，而且方便安全。