Design,synthesis, and biological evaluation of thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidine derivatives as potential simplified phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase alpha inhibitors

A series of thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidine derivatives as phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitors was designed using the combination strategy. The synthesis and biological evaluation of the derivatives demonstrated their potent inhibition of PI3K, culminating in the discovery of 7 and 21 . Determination of a co‐crystal structure of 7 complexed with PI3Kα provided the structural basis for the high enzymatic activity. Furthermore, cellular investigation of compounds 7 and 21 revealed that they efficiently suppressed cancer cell lines proliferation through inhibition of intracellular PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. The results provided potent simplified inhibitors of PI3K with a promising overall profile and a chemical series for further optimization to progress into vivo experiments.     

Sclerotiorin的胺类衍生物的潜在抗病毒活性及其初步构效关系研究

目的 为了评价天然产物(+)-sclerotiorin及其半合成衍生物的抗病毒活性。方法 通过CPE法评价(+)-Sclerotiorin (1)及其半合成衍生物(2-31)对RSV,EV71,HSV-1,H1N1和Cox-B3的抗病毒活性。结果 化合物3和11显示出对EV71的抗病毒活性,并且具有非常高的选择性指数值(SI值分别为37.8和38.0)。结论 化合物3和11是潜在的抗病毒先导化合物。     

雷公藤内酯醇结构修饰和构效关系研究进展

雷公藤中的雷公藤内酯醇具有抗肿瘤、免疫抑制等多种生物活性,但是副作用大等特点限制了临床的使用。为了获得高效低毒的雷公藤内酯醇衍生物,对其结构进行了改造。近5年来对雷公藤内酯醇的结构改造又有了新进展,包括对其14位羟基、不饱和五元内酯环、B环、13位异丙基和10位甲基的结构改造,得到一系列衍生物。其中对14位羟基进行前药设计,从而降低了雷公藤内酯醇的毒性,14位羟基改造为α-羟基衍生物后发现了与雷公藤内酯醇活性相当的衍生物。综述了近5年来对雷公藤内酯醇的结构改造及构效关系研究进展。     

Synthesis,cytotoxic activity,and 2D‐ and 3D‐QSAR studies of 19‐carboxyl‐modified novel isosteviol derivatives as potential anticancer agents

Two series of novel acylthiosemicarbazide and oxadiazole fused‐isosteviol derivatives were synthesized based on the 19‐carboxyl modification. The target compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against three cancer cell lines (HCT‐116, HGC‐27, and JEKO‐1) using an MTT assay. Lead compounds from the acylthiosemicarbazides ( 4 ) showed IC₅₀ values in the lower micromolar range. For example, compounds ( 4i , 4l , 4m , 4r, and 4s ) exhibited significant inhibitory activities against the three cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 0.95–3.36 μm . Furthermore, 2D‐HQSAR and 3D‐topomer CoMFA analyses were established, which could be used to develop second generation of isosteviol derivatives as anticancer agents.     

鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成及细胞毒活性研究

目的基于鬼臼毒素进行结构修饰,并对得到的衍生物进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价。方法以鬼臼毒素和醛类化合物为起始原料,经多步反应合成目标化合物,并采用MTT法测试所有的目标化合物对人宫颈癌He La细胞、人慢性髓性白血病急变期K562细胞及其阿霉素耐药株K562/A02的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果合成了11个文献未报道的鬼臼毒素衍生物,其结构经1H-NMR、13C-NMR、HR-ESI-MS及熔点测定分析确证。抗肿瘤活性筛选结果表明所有目标化合物均具有不同程度的体外细胞毒活性,大部分化合物对耐药的K562细胞具有较好的细胞毒活性。结论通过对鬼臼毒素进行结构修饰,能够增强其抗肿瘤活性。     

丹皮酚肟衍生物的设计、合成及抗血小板聚集活性

以丹皮酚为起始原料,经结构修饰得到25个新的丹皮酚肟类衍生物4a ~ 4y,其结构经过高分辨质谱、核磁共振氢谱确证。所合成的目标化合物对二磷酸腺苷（ADP）和胶原诱导的血小板聚集均具有一定的抑制活性,其中化合物4h、4j对两种诱导剂诱导的血小板聚集优于阳性对照药阿司匹林,且化合物4h具有较好的水溶性和类药性,可作为新的抗血小板活性化合物进一步研究。     

Gonadal agenesis with hypoplastic paramesonephric ducts (PMNDs) derivatives in dizygotic twins

The co-occurrence of gonadal agenesis alongside hypoplastic derivatives of the paramesonephric ducts has rarely been observed. Patient(s): 16-year-old dizygotic twin sisters were referred to our department because of primary amenorrhea. X-ray, bone densitometry, ultrasonography, pelvic MRI and measurement of pituitary, ovary, and thyroid hormones were performed. Both twins showed hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, bilateral gonadal agenesis, fallopian tube, uterus, and vaginal hypoplasia but normal kidney and urinary tract structures and skeletal system. Analysis of Q-banded chromosomes in peripheral blood for the search for centromeric X-chromosome DNA and SRY gene was normal as well as the molecular analysis of FMR1, GDF9, and BMP15 genes. Estradiol gel was administered for one year followed by estroprogestin treatment. Both twins growth increased; breast development was stimulated and first menses occurred. Deregulation in the expression of the various HOX genes along the axis of the developing reproductive tract in a determinate time of development may be one of the mechanisms involved in the origin of this complex and rare association.     

Design,synthesis, biological evaluations,molecular docking,and in vivo studies of novel phthalimide analogs

A series of novel phthalimide analogs containing an indole or brominated indole moiety were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. Compound 8 showed a broad spectrum activity, revealing 53–67% of erythromycin activity on the tested bacteria and 60–70% of miconazole activity on the tested fungi. Anticancer activity was evaluated on the cell lines HepG2, MCF‐7, A549, H1299, and Caco2. The results revealed that the new phthalimide analog 8 has broad‐spectrum anticancer activity toward all the tested cancer cell lines, followed by compound 11 , which showed good activity toward all the tested cell lines except for MCF‐7. The ability of the promising analogs 5 , 8 , and 11 to bind to topoisomerase II DNA gyrase was investigated. Caspase‐3 activation and Bcl‐2 assay of the best active derivatives 8 , 11 in addition to compound 5 were evaluated. The antifibrotic activity was studied in an in vivo model and the histopathological studies revealed that treatment with the new compound 8 improved the fibrotic liver tissues to normality.

     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of phloroglucinol derivatives possessing α‐glycosidase,acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase,carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity

A series of novel phloroglucinol derivatives were designed, synthesized, characterized spectroscopically and tested for their inhibitory activity against selected metabolic enzymes, including α‐glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I and II). These compounds displayed nanomolar inhibition levels and showed K_i values of 1.14–3.92 nM against AChE, 0.24–1.64 nM against BChE, 6.73–51.10 nM against α‐glycosidase, 1.80–5.10 nM against hCA I, and 1.14–5.45 nM against hCA II.

     

Similar pyridinone compounds with different activities of anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

Among the structurally diverse NNRTIs, pyridinone scaffolds demonstrate high potency against HIV-1 wild type and drug-resistant strains. During the optimization of our pyridinone compound 1 (LAM-trans),we found that the introduction of the N atoms in the C-4 position could dramatically improve the water solubility (7b), whereas protonation of the piperidine N atom resulted in a decrease in its hydrophobic interaction with the binding pocket. In particular, protonation altered the orientation of the alicyclic rings in the hydrophobic pocket, thus impeding the formation of key halogen bond and eventually leading to a huge change in anti-HIV-1 RT activity. These results provided theoretical and experimental basis for the subsequent structural modification of pyridinone compounds.