妊娠期高血压疾病患者胎盘组织中ApoE、LPL ser447stop基因多态性检测及意义

目的检测妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)患者胎盘组织中载脂蛋白E(ApoE)及脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)第9外显子(ser447stop)基因多态性,并探讨其临床意义。方法采用multi-ARMS PCR及PCR-RFLP方法,分别检测36例妊娠期高血压患者(A组)、94例子痫前期患者(B组)及130例正常妊娠妇女(C组)胎盘组织中的ApoE及LPLser447stop基因多态性。结果 A组ApoE2/3、E2/4、E3/3、E3/4及E4/4基因表型频率分别为25.00%、0、50.00%、22.22%、0,B组分别为19.15、0、56.38、24.47%、1.06%,C组分别为14.61%、3.08%、76.92%、5.38%、0.77%。A、B组E3/3、E3/4基因型与C组比较,P均<0.01。A组ApoE等位基因ε2、ε3、ε4频率分别为12.50%、73.61%、11.11%,B组分别为9.57%、78.19%、13.30%,C组分别为8.46%、86.54%、5.00%。A、B组ApoE等位基因ε3、ε4与C组比较,P均<0.05。共检测到3例LPL ser447stop杂合子变异,其中B组2例,C组1例。各组间比较,P均>0.05。结论 HDP患者胎盘组织中ApoE3/4基因表型、ApoEε4等位基因频率增高,ApoEε3等位基因频率降低;ApoE3/4基因表型可能是HDP的危险因素,ApoEε4等位基因可能是HDP的遗传易患因子,而ApoEε3等位基因则具有保护作用。LPL ser447stop基因多态性可能与HDP的发生无关。     

脂蛋白脂酶基因S447X变异对高血压病患者肥胖与血脂关系的影响

目的　探讨脂蛋白脂酶 (LPL)基因S4 4 7X变异对高血压病 (EH)患者肥胖与血脂关系的影响。方法　选择上海社区 2周内未服用任何抗高血压药物的EH患者 983例 ,按体重指数水平分为肥胖组和体重正常组 ,应用PCR RFLP技术检测LPL S4 4 7X多态性。结果　肥胖组和体重正常组S4 4 7X基因型构成及等位基因频率差异无统计学意义 ;肥胖组甘油三酯 (TG)和Log(TG/HDL C)显著高于体重正常组 ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)水平显著低于体重正常组。按基因型分层后 ,在S4 4 7S基因型 ,肥胖组TG和Log(TG/HDL C)仍显著高于体重正常组 ,HDL C水平仍显著低于体重正常组 ;但在X4 4 7等位基因携带者 ,肥胖组和体重正常组血脂谱水平差异无统计学意义。进一步按年龄 <5 0岁和年龄≥ 5 0岁分组后 ,此种效应仅出现在高年龄组 ,且肥胖者X4 4 7等位基因携带者HDL C水平及Log(TG/HDL C)与体重正常组各基因型的相似。LPL S4 4 7X变异和肥胖对高年龄组HDL C和Log(TG/HDL C)存在交互作用 ,有统计学意义。结论　LPL S4 4 7X变异和肥胖对高年龄组HDL C和Log(TG/HDL C)具有交互作用 ,表明S4 4 7X变异调整EH肥胖者的血脂水平。     

国人脂蛋白脂肪酶基因突变的筛查

目的筛查天津地区脂蛋白脂肪酶基因突变情况,并探讨其对血脂水平的影响。方法利用聚合酶链反应—单链构象多态性分析技术对386例样本(血脂正常组278例,血脂异常组108例)的脂蛋白脂肪酶基因进行突变筛查,对可疑突变的扩增样品进行DNA序列测定。对于频率较高的多态性位点,引入限制性核酸内切酶位点利用聚合酶链反应限制片长多态性进行鉴定。结果在386例样本中,共检出4种突变,检出率为14.5%,其中1例为目前国内外未见报道的外显子3 Leu103→Leu同义突变杂合子,1例为目前亚洲首报的外显子5 Pro207→Leu突变杂合子,3例内含子3受位剪接点上游6 bp的C→T转换的突变杂合子,1例Ser447→stop突变纯合子,50例Ser447→stop突变杂合子。结论我国天津地区人群存在着广泛的脂蛋白脂肪酶基因变异,既具有与大多数国家相同的Ser447→stop多态性位点,也具有自身的特点。     

Antiobesity effects of the water-soluble fraction of the ethanol extract of Smilax china L. leaf in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESSeveral medicinal properties of Smilax china L. have been studied including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, the antiobesity activity and mechanism by which the water-soluble fraction of this plant mediates its effects are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the lipolytic actions of the water-soluble fraction of Smilax china L. leaf ethanol extract (wsSCLE) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.MATERIALS/METHODSThe wsSCLE was identified by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. The wsSCLE was evaluated for its effects on cell viability, lipid accumulation, glycerol, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) contents. In addition, western blot analysis was used to evaluate the effects on protein kinase A (PKA), PKA substrates (PKAs), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). For the lipid accumulation assay, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with different doses of wsSCLE for 9 days starting 2 days post-confluence. In other cell experiments, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated for 24 h with wsSCLE.RESULTSResults showed that treatment with wsSCLE at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.25 mg/mL had no effect on cell morphology and viability. Without evidence of toxicity, wsSCLE treatment decreased lipid accumulation compared with the untreated adipocyte controls as shown by the lower absorbance of Oil Red O stain. The wsSCLE significantly induced glycerol release and cAMP production in mature 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, protein levels of phosphorylated PKA, PKAs, and HSL significantly increased following wsSCLE treatment.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate that the potential antiobesity activity of wsSCLE is at least in part due to the stimulation of cAMP-PKA-HSL signaling. In addition, the wsSCLE-stimulated lipolysis induced by the signaling is mediated via activation of the β-adrenergic receptor.     

Serum lipase on postoperative day one is a strong predictor of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective cohort

BackgroundIncreased postoperative serum amylase has been recently reported to be associated with increased postoperative morbidity, but studies on postoperative serum lipase are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of postoperative serum lipase in predicting clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).MethodA retrospective analysis was performed on 212 patients who underwent PD from September 2018 and March 2021, focusing on the association between postoperative day (POD) 1 serum lipase and CR-POPF.ResultsOverall, 108 (50.9%) patients had elevated serum lipase levels (>68 U/L) on POD 1. Patients with elevated serum lipase exhibited a significantly higher incidence of CR-POPF (37.0% vs. 6.7%, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed improved diagnostic accuracy for POD 1 serum lipase compared with POD 1 serum amylase in predicting CR-POPF (AUC: 0.801 vs. 0.745, p = 0.029). Elevated serum lipase on POD 1 and elevated serum CRP on POD 3 were identified as independent predictors of CR-POPF. A simple early postoperative model, consisting of POD 1 serum lipase levels and POD 3 serum CRP levels, showed good discrimination (AUC 0.76, 95% CI 0.69–0.83) to identify the onset of CR-POPF.ConclusionSerum lipase on POD 1 outperformed serum amylase on POD 1 in predicting CR-POPF after PD. The combination of POD 1 serum lipase and POD 3 serum CRP provides a reliable predicting model for CR-POPF.     

早发冠心病患者脂蛋白脂酶基因多态性与血脂关系研究

目的:探讨早发冠心病(CHD)患者脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)基因多态性特征及其与血脂关系。方法:收集106例早发CHD患者(早发CHD组)血脂参数等资料,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,分析LPL的P、H基因型及其等位基因频率分布(HindⅢ和PVUⅡ酶切),并与81例非CHD者(对照组)进行比较。结果:早发CHD组血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平较对照组明显升高(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平较对照组降低(P<0.05)。早发CHD组P+,H+等位基因频率高于对照组(P<0.05)。H+H+基因型TC、TG明显高于H+H-基因型,HDL-D低于H+H-基因型;P+P+基因型TG明显高于P-P-基因型,HDL-C低于P-P-基因型(均P<0.05)。结论:早发CHD患者血清TC、TG和LDL-C高于对照组,HDL-C低于对照组;P+,H+等位基因频率高于对照组。H+H+和P+P+基因型影响血脂水平。     

单纯性肥胖患者脂蛋白脂酶基因多态性

目的 探讨脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)基因HindⅢ多态性与单纯性肥胖患者体脂分布、脂质代谢的关系。方法 采用PCR-RFLP对98例单纯性肥胖患者和51名正常对照组LPL基因第8内含子HindⅢ酶切位点进行多态性分析,并测定体脂分布指标与血脂水平。结果LPL HindⅢ位点在两组中均以H+等位基因为主。两组等位基因频率及基因型差异均无显著性,但肥胖组H+H+基因型者血浆甘油三酯水平明显增高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显降低(P均<0.05),腰围、腹腔内脏脂肪面积也显著高于非H+H+基因型者(P<0.05)。结论LPL HindⅢ基因多态性对肥胖患者的血脂水平及脂肪分布有影响。具有HindⅢ酶切位点的H+等位基因可能是单纯性肥胖患者出现腹型肥胖和脂代谢紊乱的遗传易感因素之一。     

激素敏感脂酶基因高度表达对泡沫细胞形成的作用

中国仓鼠卵细胞在给予β－ＶＬＤＬ后，细胞内蓄积胆固醇酯，形成泡沫样细胞。以腺病毒基因转移方法书激素敏感脂酶基因转染到中国仓鼠卵细胞中，得到了来自激素敏感脂酶的胆固醇酯水解活性高度表达，此时，β－ＶＬＤＬ导致的胆固醇酯蓄积作用被阻断，提示增加胆固醇酯水解可以防止泡沫细胞形成。     

Effect of testosterone on lipolysis in human pre-adipocytes from different fat depots

Aim/hypothesis Regional differences in lipolysis, with higher lipolytic activity in visceral than subcutaneous fat, are important for the development of insulin resistance and might be influenced by testosterone.Methods We studied testosterone-regulated lipolysis and protein expression (by western blot) in fully differentiated pre-adipocytes from visceral (omental) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from 52 human subjects. These cells were isolated and cultured in a serum-free medium.Results Testosterone caused a specific, time- and concentration-dependent 50% reduction of catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis in the subcutaneous depot. Half of the maximum effect occurred at 10 nmol/l. The inhibitory effect was due to the inability of -adrenoceptors and cyclic AMP to stimulate the protein kinase A, hormone-sensitive lipase complex. Testosterone caused a depot-specific 50% reduction of the protein expression of hormone-sensitive lipase and ₂-adrenoceptors in differentiated subcutaneous pre-adipocytes, but no change in ₁-adrenoceptors, protein kinase A subunits or perilipin expression. In contrast, testosterone had no effect on lipolysis or protein expression in the visceral depot. However, testosterone receptors were present in both depots, and the hormone inhibited adipocyte leptin secretion. Similar effects on lipolysis were observed with dihydrotestosterone.Conclusions/interpretation Testosterone in physiological concentrations causes a depot-specific reduction of catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis in subcutaneous fat cells, probably due to reduced protein expression of ₂-adrenoceptors and hormone-sensitive lipase. This could be an important pathogenic factor underlying regional differences in lipolysis and development of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenic polycystic ovary syndrome.Abbreviations PCOS polycystic ovary syndrome - GPDH glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase - AR adrenergic receptor - HSL hormone-sensitive lipase - PKA protein kinase A - OD optical density - dcAMP dibutyryl cyclic AMP