奥瑞凝胶对反流性食管炎大鼠模型食管组织中相关基因表达及血清相关分子含量的影响

目的:研究奥瑞凝胶对反流性食管炎大鼠模型食管组织中相关基因表达以及血清中相关分子含量的影响.方法:选择成年雄性SD大鼠作为研究对象,随机分为正常组、模型组和治疗组,模型组和治疗组建立反流性食管炎模型,治疗组给予奥瑞凝胶治疗.处死大鼠后,检测血清炎症因子含量和食管组织炎症因子、多肽类神经递质、促增殖基因的表达.结果:(1)炎症因子:与模型组比较,食管组织和血清中白介素-23、17(IL-23、IL-17)的含量在治疗组中呈降低趋势;(2)多肽类神经递质:与模型组比较,食管组织中一氧化氮(NO)、NOS、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、VIP-R1、VIP-R2含量在治疗组中呈升高趋势,P物质(SP)含量治疗组中呈降低趋势;(3)促增殖基因:与模型组比较,食管组织中c-myb、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和Ki-67的mRNA和蛋白含量在治疗组中呈降低趋势.结论:奥瑞凝胶治疗有助于缓解炎症反应,调节多肽类神经递质表达,抑制食管黏膜上皮过度增殖,对反流性食管炎模型大鼠具有治疗作用.     

2008—2013年北京市17株伤寒和副伤寒沙门菌耐药和分子分型研究

目的分析2008—2013年北京市17株伤寒、副伤寒沙门菌耐药及分子分型。方法对2008-2013年通过对北京市肠道门诊监测系统分离到的17株伤寒、副伤寒沙门菌进行生化鉴定、血清分型并运用纸片法进行药敏检测;利用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)进行分子分型。结果 17株伤寒、副伤寒沙门菌对三代头孢菌素类药物头孢他啶敏感率达100%,头孢噻肟和头孢曲松敏感率均为93.75%,对氟喹诺酮类药物环丙沙星敏感率为93.75%,萘啶酸耐药率达31.25%。其中16株伤寒、副伤寒沙门菌可分为15种PFGE带型,带型分布较分散。结论北京市伤寒、副伤寒沙门菌分离株对3代头孢类抗生素及环丙沙星敏感;PFGE分子型别较多,无聚集性。     

Identification of the major allergenic proteins from silkworm moth (Bombyx mori) involved in respiratory allergic diseases

Introduction and ObjectivesMoths are a significant source of indoor and outdoor aeroallergens. High prevalence of IgE-mediated sensitization was demonstrated in a group of patients with allergic respiratory diseases. There are no studies on adult stage of these moth species allergens involved in allergic respiratory reactions - the aim of this study.Material and Methods36 participants were included in an experimental study, submitted to skin prick test with Bombyx mori wing extract and six other common allergens, as well as Western blot analysis with incubated nitrocellulose membrane impregnated with silkworm moth extract and human IgE-antibody. The participants were divided into 3 groups: 1) 21 allergic patients whose skin prick test was positive to Bombyx mori wing extract, 2) eight allergic patients whose skin prick test was positive to mite and negative to Bombyx mori extract 3) seven negative non-allergic subjects.ResultsAmong the 21 participants from group 1, 19 serum samples reacted to Bombyx mori extract by Western blot. All of them reacted to a protein at 80 kDa and five other proteins (66, 50, 45, 37 and 30 kDa) were identified in more than 50% of the individuals tested, considered as major allergenic proteins. Sera from seven out of eight patients sensitized to house dust mite demonstrated IgE-reactivity to Bombyx mori extract by Western blot analysis. Serum samples from healthy participants did not react at all.ConclusionSix major reactive proteins by immunoblot analysis from moth’s wings sensitized patients can be potential allergens. The one at 80 kDa is the major protein, seen in all IgE-reactive patients from group 1 and in none from group 2, yet to be identified. Future studies should be conducted to better characterize these proteins.     

凝胶迁移阻滞法分析人类端粒酶的DNA结合特性

目的 采用凝胶迁移阻滞法分析研究人类端粒酶DNA结合特性。方法 以地高辛标记的人端粒序列寡核苷酸与人端粒酶提取物进行结合反应，以未参与结合反应的单纯标记寡核苷酸作为参照。实验所设的3组样品中，第一组和第二组标记寡核苷酸加端粒酶，第一组显示一条阻滞性条带，第二组显示两条条带，前方的一条与第一组条带平行，为单纯探针条带，后方的一条迁移率被阻滞，应为探针与纯化的蛋白复合体相结合的结果；第三组为标记寡核苷酸加端粒酶阴性洗涤液，只显示单一探针条带。结果 只有人端粒序列寡核苷酸与人端粒酶提取物结合反应管显示特异的凝胶迁移阻滞性电泳条带。结论 人端粒酶具有和端粒DNA片段结合的特性。     

Keratinocyte Differentiation and Proliferation are Regulated by Adhesion to the Three-Dimensional Meshwork Structure of Type IV Collagen

We examined the behavior of human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) on reconstituted type IV collagen gel. HFKs survived for several days and the upper layer cells expressed a differentiation marker, involucrin. Apoptosis was induced after involucrin expression while cell proliferation was suppressed. On molecular type IV collagen, integrins shifted from α2β1 to α3β1 during HFK culture. On type IV collagen gel, HFKs initially expressed integrin α2β1, and later expressed integrin α3β1 in the presence of α2β1 did not disappear. Using synthetic peptides, we examined integrin α2-mediated adhesion to type IV collagen gel. Addition of synthetic peptide dose-dependently inhibited cell adhesion both on type IV collagen gel and on molecular type IV collagen. On type IV collagen gel, weaker phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, and Akt was observed compared with the molecular forms. Based on these observations, we think type IV collagen gel is a novel culture substrate that mimics the physiological environment for HFKs.     

芭克硅胶软膏联合压力疗法防治面部深Ⅱ度烧伤后瘢痕疗效观察

【摘要】目的 观察芭克硅胶软膏联合压力疗法防治面部深Ⅱ度烧伤后瘢痕的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年10月至2017年12月毕节市第一人民医院收治的38例面部深Ⅱ度烧伤患者作为研究对象,并按照随机数表法将其随机分为研究组(20例)与对照组(18例),研究组患者于创面愈合后予以芭克硅胶软膏联合定制压力面罩治疗,对照组患者于创面愈合后2～3周单纯应用定制压力面罩治疗,对比观察两组患者治疗第1～3、1～6及4～6个月瘢痕评分改善情况。结果 研究组患者治疗第1～3、1～6个月的瘢痕改善分值为(4.65±0.49)分、（7.05±0.39)分,明显高于对照组患者治疗第1～3、1～6个月的瘢痕改善分值(2.61±0.92)分、(5.11±1.08)分(t=8.678、7.511,P均<0.001);研究组患者治疗第4~6个月的瘢痕改善分值为(2.40±0.68)分,与对照组治疗第4～6个月的瘢痕改善分值(2.50±0.92)分无明显差异(t=0.377,P=0.709)。结论 与单纯压力疗法相比,芭克硅胶软膏联合压力疗法防治面部深Ⅱ度烧伤后瘢痕的效果更好,且以3个月内瘢痕改善效果最为明显,值得临床推广应用。     

滴通鼻炎喷涂凝胶剂体外释放度及大鼠鼻黏膜毒性研究

目的 研究滴通鼻炎喷涂凝胶剂的体外药物释放规律及鼻粘膜毒性。方法 采用无膜溶出法进行体外释放度实验,测定药物的累积溶蚀率和释放率,对黄芩苷、盐酸麻黄碱释药行为拟合数学模型进行分析;通过打喷嚏实验考察本品对大鼠的宏观刺激性,并结合HE染色法观察本品鼻粘膜毒性。结果 溶出曲线表明累积溶蚀率与累积释放率有较强线性关系,黄芩苷、盐酸麻黄碱体外释放符合一级动力学方程具缓释特征。本品对大鼠鼻腔有一定刺激性但停药可恢复;气管、支气管和肺部,均未出现红肿、充血等现象; HE染色表明,本品对大鼠鼻粘膜有轻微损伤,停药7天后,除阳性组粘膜固有层可见腺管上皮细胞发生轻度空泡变性,粘膜上皮细胞发生变性、坏死,固有层充血、出血外,其余各组均可恢复正常。结论 本品为溶蚀与扩散相结合的缓释制剂,对鼻粘膜毒性较小,停药可恢复,安全性较高。     

Distribution of light chains and ATPase activity of myosin in the atrioventricular conducting tissue of bovine heart

Summary The relations of the light chains of myosins of the atria, ventricles, and atrioventricular conducting tissue (specialized myocardial tissue) and the distribution of the light chains of myosin in different regions of the atrioventricular conducting tissue in bovine heart were examined. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed that the atrial and ventricular myosins each had two light chains (LC₁ and LC₂). Ventricular LC₁ differed from atrial LC₁, but ventricular LC₂ corresponded to atrial LC₂. The specialized myocardial tissue myosin had three light chains (named here SL₁, SL₂, and SL₃). SL₁ comigrated with ventricular LC₁, SL₂ with atrial LC₁, and SL₃ with ventricular LC₂ and atrial LC₂. The compositions of the three light chains of myosins in various regions of the atrioventricular conducting tissue were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The percentage proportion of SL₁ decreased in the order—atrioventricular node (AVN), right and left bundle branches (RLBB), His bundle (HIS), false tendon (FT) myosin; while the percentage proportion of SL₂ decreased in the order—FT and HIS, RLBB, AVN myosin. The percentages of SL₃ in these four regions were similar. The Ca²⁺-activated ATPase activity of myosin was highest in the AVN and lowest in the FT. The activities in the HIS and RLBB were intermediate between those in the AVN and FT. Thus, the composition of the light chains and the Ca²⁺-activated ATPase activity were different in various regions of the atrioventricular conducting tissue.     

Evolocumab Effects on Lipoproteins,Measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Aims: Profiling of lipoproteins can predict risk of cardiovascular disease; gel permeation high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) improves prediction accuracy by providing detailed data for specific lipoprotein subclasses. This study applied HPLC to examine the effects of evolocumab, which effectively treats hyperlipidemia and mixed dyslipidemia, on lipoprotein subclasses, specifically the number and size of lipoprotein particles.Methods: This post-hoc analysis used patient blood samples from YUKAWA-2, a phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy of evolocumab in Japanese adult patients with hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia and at high risk for cardiovascular disease. We used HPLC to assess observed values and percent change from baseline in cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) concentrations, number of particles in lipoprotein subclasses to week 12, and mean observed values and mean percent change from baseline in variables to weeks 10 and 12. HPLC was also compared with conventional methods in assessing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C) values.Results: Data for all 404 patients were analyzed. Evolocumab significantly decreased cholesterol and TG concentrations, and total particle count, in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL subclasses. Particle size increased slightly in LDL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and VLDL, but data varied widely. At very low L-DLC, HPLC measurements were higher than those from conventional methods.Conclusion: This research used HPLC to assess the effects of evolocumab in 20 lipid subclasses. By lowering lipid content and improving the lipid profile, evolocumab may reduce atherogenicity. This reduction is better quantified by HPLC than by conventional methods in the very low LDL-C range.