日本血吸虫与HBV合并感染对幽门螺杆菌感染的影响

目的 :探讨HBV与日本血吸虫合并感染对幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)感染的影响。 方法 :利用Hp全菌抗原检测HBV、日本血吸虫单独或合并感染者血清抗HpIgG抗体。 结果 :HBV与血吸虫合并感染时 ,血清HpIgG抗体检出率 ( 85.7% )明显高于HBV或血吸虫单独感染 (阳性率分别为 4 5.5%和 72 .9% ) ,合并感染时血清抗体水平 ( 0 .87± 0 .1 0 )亦高于单独感染 ( 0 .77± 0 .2 0 ,0 .70± 0 .1 7) ,差异有显著性意义。HBV阳性者与HBV阴性者之间Hp 感染率和抗体水平相近。结论 :HBV和血吸虫合并感染对Hp感染具有协同作用     

单克隆抗体夹心ELISA定量检测日本血吸虫循环抗原

目的反映日本血吸虫病活动性感染程度,探讨建立定量测定循环抗原的方法。方法筛选和制备单克隆抗体,将其进行优化组合,建立双抗体夹心ELISA,计算标准曲线,测试检测能力,检测样本。结果获6个抗日本血吸虫单克隆抗体,经优化组合试验,选择其中3个抗日本血吸虫虫卵TCA可溶性抗原和成虫TCA可溶性抗原进行搭配,用于检测日本血吸虫病患者血清中循环抗原效果较理想。检测慢性血吸虫病118例,阳性61例,阳性率51．7％;急性患者30例,全部阳性;正常人187例,5例阳性,特异性97．3％。单盲法检测一批血清,结果也较满意。法论定量检测日本血吸虫病患者血清中循环抗原,对提示活动性感染的程度和疫苗保护作用的评估具有一定的应用价值。     

The construction ofSchistosoma Japonicum vaccine BCG-Sj26GST and its identification

Summary The expression of foreign gene,Schistosoma Japonicum 26 ku antigen (Sj26GST),in Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG),Mycobacterium CM. smegmatis) andEscherichia coli (E. coli) were studied. The cDNA fragment encoding Sj26GST was amplified by PCR using plasmid pGEX, which could express Sj26GST inE. coli as template. The Sj26GST cDNA was cloned into the downstream of humanM. tuberculosis heat shock protein (hsp) 70 promoter with correct reading frame, and then the DNA fragment containing hsp70 promoter and Sj26GST gene were subcloned together intoE. coli-Mycobacteria shuttle plasmid pBCG-2000 to construct the expression shuttle plasmid pBCG-Sj26. The recombinant BCG andM. smegmatis mc²155, which were electroplated with pBCG-Sj26, could express Sj26GST and the recombinantSchistosoma Japonicum vaccine BCG-Sj26GST was made. The recombinant Sj26GST (rSj26GST) were soluble and could be observed on SDS-PAGE at molecular weight of 26 ku. The content of rSj26GST accounted for 15% and 10% of total bacterial protein in BCG andM. smegmatis respectively. The results of Western blot showed the combination of rSj26GST with antibody of GST. This project was supported by Primary Foundation of China (No. 94-Y-19), Chinese National Nature Science Foundation (No. 339480022) and Chinese Health Foundation (No. 94-1-131).     

重组日本血吸虫SjGST-Sj32蛋白诱导小鼠保护性免疫的研究

应用基因工程技术分别表达出ＳｊＧＳＴＳｊ３２,Ｓｊ３２和ＳｊＧＳＴ,用于保护性免疫的动物实验及其体液免疫机制的初步探讨。结果：与对照组相比,重组ＳｊＧＳＴＳｊ３２组,Ｓｊ３２组,Ｓｊ３２＋ＳｊＧＳＴ组均有明显的减虫效果（Ｐ＜０．０５）。上述三组及ＳｊＧＳＴ组的肝脏虫卵计数均较对照组为少（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示重组Ｓｊ３２ｋＤ蛋白可诱导小鼠产生明显的抗日本血吸虫攻击感染的保护性免疫及抗生殖免疫效果,而ＳｊＧＳＴ仅表现出一定的抗生殖免疫效果。     

重组Calpain蛋白的免疫原性及其诊断上的应用研究

目的研究在大肠杆菌中表达的日本血吸虫Calpain蛋白的免疫原性及其在日本血吸虫诊断上的应用. 方法用重组Calpain蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,ELISA法测定特异性IgG抗体的动态变化及其IgG亚型(IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3)产生特征;同时用重组Calpain蛋白作为诊断抗原,粪检血吸虫病阳性患者血清作为一抗,肝吸虫阳性患者血清作为考核交叉反应血清. 结果重组Calpain抗原免疫小鼠后,产生了一个极高的抗Calpain特异性抗体,免疫4周后IgG类抗体达到高峰,与对照组鼠相比较,免疫鼠血清中IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b特异性抗体也有显著性的上升; Calpain重组抗原血清诊断日本血吸虫和粪检的符合率为100%, 粪检阳性EPG低的个体抗Calpain抗体滴度高, EPG高的患者抗Calpain抗体滴度反而低, 与肝吸虫的交叉反应率为37%. 结论日本血吸虫Calpain是一个具有免疫原性的蛋白,能够激发宿主产生高水平的免疫球蛋白,能够敏感地测定日本血吸虫的感染, 说明Calpain可以发展成为日本血吸虫病的诊断抗原和日本血吸虫疫苗候选分子.     

日本血吸虫Calpain疫苗候选分子抗感染的免疫机制

目的探讨日本血吸虫疫苗候选分子—钙离子激活的中性蛋白激酶(Calpain)的保护性免疫力和免疫保护性机制。方法用重组纯化的Calpain抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备抗Calpain血清,抗Calpain血清与机械转化的日本血吸虫童虫和来自于同种鼠激活的嗜酸性粒细胞共同培养,观察细胞对血吸虫童虫的粘附及对童虫的杀伤效果;RT-PCR分析Calpain抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠一氧化氮激酶(iNos.eNos.nNos)mRNA的表达;ELISA分析免疫小鼠体外培养脾细胞产生的细胞因子IFN-γ和IL-4。结果重组Calpain抗原免疫小鼠后,产生了一个极高的抗Calpain特异性抗体,此抗体介导了同种鼠的嗜酸性粒细胞对日本血吸虫童虫的粘附,37℃、5%CO2培养48h后,33.8%的日本血吸虫童虫被杀死,与控制组14.5%的自然死亡率相比有一个显著性的增高(P<0.01);RT-PCR测定重组Calpain抗原免疫1周小鼠iNosmRNA的表达显著性的增强,培养24h脾细胞上清中IFN-γ浓度高于对照组。结论Calpain特异性抗体介导了对日本血吸虫童虫的细胞毒作用,Calpain抗原能够诱导IFN-γ的产生,提示Calpain诱导Th1的免疫应答反应来抗日本血吸虫的感染。     

日本血吸虫p50亲免素基因的扩增及其免疫学特性

目的扩增日本血吸虫(Sj)p50亲免素(IP)基因全长cDNA和DNA序列,进行原核克隆和研究其免疫学特性。方法从Sj成虫RNA中RT-PCR扩增Sjp50亲免素基因完整的编码阅读框,从Sj成虫基因组中扩增其DNA序列,对其cDNA序列和DNA序列进行比较分析,寻找内含子。将其cDNA序列克隆入pET30a( )体中,原核表达并纯化表达产物,Western-blot比较重组蛋白与Sj体内相应天然蛋白的免疫原性和免疫反应性,间接免疫荧光法对p50亲免素进行组织定位。结果Sjp50IP基因DNA序列与cDNA相比,有6个内含子;重组p50IP与Sj体内的天然蛋白具有相同的免疫学特性,该蛋白位于Sj成虫的被膜上。结论成功扩增得到了Sjp50IP基因的全长编码区的cDNA序列和DNA序列,其DNA序列中有6个内含子;重组Sjp50IP的免疫学特性支持将该基因作为疫苗进行进一步的研究。     

血吸虫病小鼠肝脏功能变化的动态观察

目的动态观察血吸虫小鼠肝纤维化过程中肝脏的病理改变。方法随机将48只健康小鼠分为感染组与正常组,于感染后第6、9、11、13周每组随机挑选6只剖杀作病理观察;同时检测两组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)及肝脏羟脯氨酸(HyP);并进行统计分析。结果感染组小鼠血清ALT含量在感染后第6、9周时明显升高(P<0.01),之后逐步回复到正常水平附近;而PA含量先下降,后又升高,但在各阶段与正常组相比差别都具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同时,ALB在早期变化并不明显。HA、LN及肝脏HyP的含量,在感染后各个时期与正常组比都明显升高,差别具统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论小鼠感染血吸虫后,急性期时肝脏损伤较为严重,检测血清PA含量可以更敏感、及时、特异地反映肝脏的损伤及贮备状况,而HA、LN则可以反映血吸虫肝脏纤维化的进展。     

紫外线照射前后日本血吸虫尾蚴可溶性虫体蛋白组分的比较

目的利用蛋白质组学技术分离、鉴定日本血吸虫正常尾蚴及紫外线致弱尾蚴虫体间差异表达蛋白。方法分别收集与制备血吸虫正常尾蚴和致弱尾蚴虫体总蛋白,经固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离。凝胶银染并利用ImageMaster2DSoftware5.0凝胶图像分析软件进行比较分析,选取差异表达蛋白点经基质辅助激光解析离子飞行时间质谱仪进行鉴定。结果二维凝胶电泳图像分析结果显示:正常尾蚴和致弱尾蚴各分离出至少1277、1173个清晰、独立的蛋白点,蛋白点匹配率为72.7%,大多数蛋白点相对分子量处于22000～95000范围内,理论等电点为5～8。尾蚴经紫外线致弱前后共发现18个差异表达蛋白,其中5个蛋白于致弱尾蚴中表达消失,12个表达下调,1个表达增强,未见新增表达蛋白。其中13个差异表达蛋白经MALDI-TOF-MS鉴定分析,获悉其肽指纹图谱、理论等电点、分子量及表达水平变化等相关信息。结论利用二维电泳、MALDI-TOF-MS等蛋白质组学技术,共鉴定出13个致弱尾蚴差异表达蛋白,为进一步阐明致弱尾蚴诱导宿主产生高免疫保护力的分子机制提供了实验基础。     

Praziquantel treatment of school children from single and mixed infection foci of intestinal and urogenital schistosomiasis along the Senegal River Basin: monitoring treatment success and re-infection patterns

Following major water development schemes in the 1980s, schistosomiasis has become a serious parasitic disease of children living in the Senegal River Basin. Both urogenital (Schistosoma haematobium) and intestinal (Schistosoma mansoni) schistosomiasis can be highly prevalent in school-aged children, with many individuals infected with both parasites. In order to investigate the transmission and re-infection dynamics of both parasite species, single and mixed infection foci at three villages (Nder and Temeye; S. mansoni and S. haematobium foci and Guia; S. haematobium focus) were studied. In each focus infected children were identified and selected for a 12-month study involving two treatments with praziquantel (40 mg/kg) three weeks apart at the beginning of the study and again 6 months into the study. Urine and stool samples were examined for schistosome eggs before and at 6 weeks and 6 months after chemotherapy. Prevalence and intensity of infection were recorded for each child at each time point. Before treatment, in all three villages, the prevalence and intensity of infection was extremely high for both S. mansoni (79–100%) and S. haematobium (81–97%). With the first round of chemotherapy sufficient cure rates (CRs) of both species were achieved in all villages (38–96%) with high egg reduction rates (ERRs) (97–99%). The data show that high and rapid re-infection rates occur, especially for S. mansoni, within a six-month period following treatment. Re-infection must be highly linked to ecological and seasonal factors. The persistence of S. mansoni in Nder could raise concern as levels of infection intensity remain high (geometric mean intensity at baseline 653 epg changed to 705 epg at 12 months) after four rounds of chemotherapy. This phenomenon could be explained by extremely rapid re-infection dynamics or a sub-optimal efficacy of praziquantel against S. mansoni in this village. High intensities in mixed infections may influence disease epidemiology and control warranting further studies. The disease situation in the SRB must be monitored closely and new treatment regimes should be designed and implemented to control schistosomiasis in the school-age population.