Manganese superoxide dismutase Ala-9Val mitochondrial targeting sequence polymorphism in systemic lupus erythematosus in Poland

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic and progressive autoimmune disease in which reactive oxygen species contribute to pathogenesis. We analysed the distribution of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD2) 47C>T (Ala-9Val) functional polymorphic variants within the mitochondrial targeting sequence in SLE patients (n = 102) and controls (n = 199). We did not find significant differences in the distribution of MnSOD2 47C>T polymorphic variants in SLE patients and controls. However, we found that MnSOD2 Val/Val genotype (recessive model) showed a significant association with Raynaud's phenomenon, odds ratio (OR) = 12.000 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.315-62.193], p = 0.0015. We also found that the MnSOD2 Val/Val genotype contributes to immunologic manifestations, OR = 2.957 (95% CI = 1.207-7.243), p = 0.0222, and anti-dsDNA antibody presence OR = 3.365 (95% CI = 1.364-8.304), p = 0.0107, in patients. Our observations indicate that MnSOD2 Val/Val variant can be linked to some clinical manifestations in patients with SLE.     

冠心病伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征ICAM-1基因多态性研究

目的:观察ICAM-1基因多态性与冠心病(CHD)伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)的相关性,并观察ICAM-1的不同基因型与其血清中ICAM-1含量之间的关系。方法:选择CHD患者(A组)56例、CHD伴OSAS患者(B组)58例、OSAS患者(C组)54例和健康者(对照组)53例。以聚合酶链式反应-限制性酶切长度多态性(RFLP-PCR)对基因组DNA中ICAM-1基因多态性进行分析。结果:①4组间的ICAM-1469C/T3种基因型的分布比例差异有统计学意义,A、B、C组的TT TC型基因型分布频率分别是86.44%、89.67%、90.74%均高于对照组的47.16%(P<0.01)。而对照组的CC基因型分布频率高于其他3组(P<0.01)。②T等位基因在A、B、C3组的分布频率分别是74.11%、71.55%、72.22%,明显高于对照组的35.85%(P<0.01),而A、B、C3组间分布频率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③所有组中TT TC基因型的ICAM-1含量均高于CC基因型的含量(P<0.01),B组的黏附分子含量明显高于其他3组。结论:①ICAM-1469C/T的基因多态性与CHD有关联,C-T的等位基因突变可能是CHD的一种遗传易感因素;②OSAS患者存在与CHD患者相同的基因型分布,这种相同的基因多态性分布可能是OSAS与CHD的一种易感的遗传因素;③ICAM-1469C/T的基因多态性与血清中的ICAM-1含量有着明显的相关性,OSAS可能是通过改变血清ICAM-1含量来加重CHD的发展进程。     

急性心肌梗死患者血小板反应素1单核苷酸多态性

目的探讨血小板反应素1基因第13外显子单核苷酸多态性致血小板反应素1蛋白第700位氨基酸丝氨酸转换为天冬氨酸与中国汉人急性心肌梗死的相关性。方法应用聚合酶链反应—限制性片断长度多态性技术筛查了汉族172例急性心肌梗死患者和270例对照者血小板反应素1基因第13外显子钙结合活性片段8831A→G,对筛查到含有突变的片段进行序列测定,并与正常序列进行对照分析,探讨两者之间的关系。结果血小板反应素1基因8831A→G不是中国汉人急性心肌梗死发生的独立危险因素(GA比AA:相对危险度为3.19,95%可信区间为0.578～17.61,P=0.160)。结论血小板反应素1基因8831A→G在汉人中发生频率低,与汉人急性心肌梗死发生无相关性,补充了血小板反应素1基因单核苷酸多态性的数据库信息。     

基质金属蛋白酶-9基因单核苷酸多态性与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度的关联研究

目的:基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)在动脉粥样硬化斑块的进展及破裂中发挥重要的作用。本研究探讨MMP-9基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与冠心病患者冠状动脉粥样硬化程度间的相关性。方法:入选经冠状动脉造影证实的汉族冠心病患者1371例,如患者前降支、回旋支及右冠状动脉中仅一支冠状动脉直径狭窄≥50定义为单支病变者(单支病变组,n=332);如患者上述三支冠状动脉中有两支直径狭窄≥50定义为双支病变者(双支病变组,n=445);如上述三支冠状动脉直径狭窄均≥50,则定义为三支病变者(三支病变组,n=594)。选择MMP-9-1562C/T、R279Q等SNPs位点,采用聚合酶链式反应—限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法确定基因型。χ2检验用于单因素分析时检验SNP位点与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度间的关联。Logistic回归模型分析用以校正混杂因素。结果:-1562C/T多态性位点在冠心病患者单支病变组、双支病变组和三支病变组中-1562T等位基因频率分别是11.3,11.6和9.9;R279Q多态性位点在冠心病患者单支病变组、双支病变组和三支病变组中279Q等位基因频率分别是31.3,32.1和30....     

Association of polymorphisms in the ALOX15B gene with coronary artery disease

Background

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease and the underlying cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction and stroke. Two main features are involved in the progression of atherosclerosis, lipid retention and inflammation. 12/15-lipoxygenases are involved in inflammation and have been implicated in atherosclerosis. Genetic association studies of the 15-lipoxygenase 1 (ALOX15) in humans revealed a neutral to atheroprotective role of the enzyme. Recently the epidermis-type 15-lipoxygenase 2 (ALOX15B) has been identified in human atherosclerotic plaques but its role in human atherosclerosis is still unclear.

Methods

We screened the ALOX15B gene for polymorphisms and investigated the association of 18 detected polymorphisms with angiographically documented CAD in a case–control study (n = 496). In addition, we measured in vitro the enzyme activity and Michaelis–Menten kinetics of the detected non-synonymous polymorphic variants p.Arg486His (c.1457G > A), p.Gln656Arg (c.1967A > G) and p.Ile676Val (c.2026A > G).

Results

We found that the linked polymorphisms at position c.1458-38G > C, c.1579 + 71C > T and c.1656G > A are associated with CAD (OR: 0.51 (0.27–0.94), p-value: 0.03). In addition, we show that the activity and the kinetics of the three non-synonymous ALOX15B enzyme variants (p.Arg486His, p.Gln656Arg and p.Ile676Val) are similar to the wild-type enzyme.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that the ALOX15B gene may be associated with coronary artery disease. However, larger studies would be necessary to confirm the association of these polymorphisms with CAD. In contrast, our study did not find frequent non-synonymous polymorphisms in ALOX15B altering enzyme activity in Europeans.     

CYP1A1和GSTM1基因多态与肺癌发病关系的病例-对照研究

目的 探讨肺癌易感性标记物CYP1A1及GSTM1基因多态以及吸烟等其他环境暴露因素与肺癌发生的关系。方法 采用病例-对照研究的方法，收集原发性肺癌病例91例以及非肺部疾患的住院病例(对照)91例，所有的研究对象均采静脉血进行DNA抽提，并用PCR方法检测CYP1A1以及GSTM1基因多态，同时调查研究对象吸烟等其他环境暴露因素。应用Logistic回归分析方法进行单因素和多因素的分析。结果 无论是单因素分析还是多因素分析均未显示出CYP1A1和GSTM1基因多态与肺癌发病的关联。多因素分析结果表明：化程度的OR为0．63(95％CI：0．45～0．86)，吸烟量的OR为1．56(95％CI：1．14～2．14)，无抽油烟机的OR为3．77(95％CI：1．48～9．56)，食用动物油的OR为1．67(95％CI：1.25～2．24)，常吃胡萝卜的OR为0．47(95％CI：0．22～0．98)，饮酒的OR为6．58(95％CI：1.53～28．30)，家族肺癌史的OR为3．75(95％CI：1．64～8．58)。结论 CYP1A1和GSTM1基因多态与肺癌发病无明显的关联，吸烟、饮酒、食用动物油、家族肺癌吏以及无抽油烟机是肺癌的危险因素，而高化程度和常吃胡萝卜与降低肺癌风险有关。     

用RFLPs对一个血友病A家系进行基因诊断

血友病A是由于FⅧ基因缺陷、X连锁的遗传性疾病。我们应用与Ⅷ紧密连锁的DNA片段作为探针,用TaqI限制性片段长度多态性对一血友病A家系进行了基因诊断。     

COX-2 Polymorphism, Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Risk of Colon Cancer in African Americans (United States)

Introduction The inducible Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzyme plays an important role in inflammation and carcinogenesis. Recent reports suggest that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the COX-2 gene may alter enzyme function and in turn modify an individual’s risk of colon cancer. We explored the association between the COX-2 Val511Ala SNP and risk of colon cancer among 240 African American cases and 326 African American controls in a population-based, case-control study in North Carolina. Methods We used unconditional logistic regression models to determine the odds ratios (ORs) for genotype and risk of colon cancer. Results We observed a non-statistically significant inverse association between any Ala COX-2 genotype and risk of colon cancer (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.33, 1.16) among African Americans. The inverse association was present among non-regular NSAID users, use ≤ 3 times/week, (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.32, 1.37) and regular NSAID users, use ≥3 times/week for ≥3 months, (OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.11, 1.54). Conclusions Our results suggest that the COX-2 Val511Ala SNP does not antagonize the effect of NSAIDs on colon cancer risk and provides support that NSAID use and the COX-2 Val511Ala SNP may contribute to a reduced risk of colon cancer among African Americans.     

Influence of genetic polymorphisms on the risk of developing leukemia and on disease progression

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have provided evidence that common genetic variations with low penetrance could account for a proportion of leukemia and could also influence disease outcome, although the results obtained are still controversial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 54 recent reports focused on the contribution of genetic polymorphisms to the risk of developing leukemia and to disease progression. The polymorphisms of genes encoding drug-metabolising enzymes (CYP family, NQO1, GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1), enzymes involved in folate metabolism (MTHFR, TYMS, SHMT1, MTRR), and DNA repair enzymes (XPD, XPG, RAD51, XRCC1, XRCC3, CHEK2, ATM) were considered in the review. RESULTS: There was a good agreement on the influence of NQO1*2 polymorphism and those of the enzymes involved in DNA repair with the increased risk of therapy-related leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome. Most studies found a strong association between the polymorphisms MTHFR, C677T or A1298C, and NQO1*2 or *3 and the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In addition, most of the studies reported an association between GSTT1 deletions and an increased risk of de novo acute myeloid leukemia. In ALL, polymorphisms in the genes of folate metabolism are associated with poor prognosis, and the 3R3R TYMS polymorphism in particular is associated with methotrexate resistance. CONCLUSION: The reports reviewed support the hypothesis that several low-penetrance genes with multiplicative effects together with dietary effects, ambient exposition, and individual immune system responses, may account for the risk of leukaemia.