SF-36量表在肺结核病人中使用的信度和效度

目的　评价SF -3 6生命质量量表在肺结核病人中使用的信度和效度 ,探讨SF -3 6量表应用于肺结核病人一般生命质量研究的可行性。方法　采用整群抽样法 ,用SF -3 6量表对住院肺结核病人进行问卷调查。结果　在结构效度评价中 ,因子分析结果与假设有相当的一致性。内部一致性 (Cronbancha系数 )除GH (健康总体自评 )外 ,其余α >0 7,具有较高的信度。结论　SF -3 6量表适合肺结核病人生命质量测评     

SF-36用于肺结核的信度、效度及敏感性评价

目的　评价中文版SF - 36量表用于肺结核 (PTB)病人的生命质量测量的信度、效度、敏感性。方法　用自行研制的中文版SF - 36量表对肺结核病人及对照进行测量。采用Cronchbach’sα评价量表的信度 ,因子分析评价量表的效度 ,用配对t检验比较患者组和对照组的评分来评价量表的敏感性。结果　对于病人组和对照组 ,SF - 36量表效度 (因子分析聚合为 2个公因子 )、信度 (Cronchbach’sα >0 7)较好。肺结核病人各项得分均低于对照组 ,说明量表的敏感性较高。结论　中文版SF - 36量表是测量肺结核病人的生命质量的有效量表 ,但量表中个别词句的翻译仍须改动 ,并且有必要进行更大样本的调查 ,建立中国人的生命质量正常值标准 ,以利于生命质量的评价     

儿童社交焦虑量表的中国城市常模

【目的】建立儿童社交焦虑量表(Social Anxiety Scale for Children,SASC)的中国城市常模并检验其信度和效度。【方法】在全国14个城市采样2 019例(男1 012,女1 007),平均年龄(11.29±2.34)岁,由学生填写SASC;焦虑组儿童填写SASC、SCARED,其父母填Achenbach儿童行为量表(Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)。【结果】量表的重测信度为0.538~0.839、半分信度0.81、Crobach a系数0.58~0.79、项目与总分的一致性在0.27~0.76之间。量表的效度较好,与Achenbach CBCL、SCARED的相应分量表相关,社交焦虑组儿童得分高于常模组,对社交焦虑性障碍诊断的灵敏度为0.69,特异度为0.75。【结论】儿童社交焦虑量表可用于我国儿童社交焦虑症状的评估。     

新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标体系测评分析

目的 对新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标体系分析和验证。方法 采用相关和多元线性回归分析检验综合评价指标与内部指标问联系、信度分析和主成分因素分析，对综合评价指标体系进行评价。结果 新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标同内部指标具有正相关，内部指标具有独立性，总体指标克朗巴赫α系数为0．8889．指标体系内容效度极好。主成分分析表明指标体系具有较好的结构效度。结论 新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标体系的建立具有合理性、科学性和较好的信度与效度。     

在用医疗设备的安全质量管理

本文阐述了如何对在用医疗设备加强监督管理,从而保障设备的安全性、可靠性及充分发挥其利用率。     

Reliability of anthropometric measurements in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study

Aim: To describe how reliability assessment data in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) were collected and analysed, and to present the results thereof.
Methods: There were two sources of anthropometric data (length, head and arm circumferences, triceps and subscapular skinfolds, and height) for these analyses. Data for constructing the WHO Child Growth Standards, collected in duplicate by observer pairs, were used to calculate inter-observer technical error of measurement (TEM) and the coefficient of reliability. The second source was the anthropometry standardization sessions conducted throughout the data collection period with the aim of identifying and correcting measurement problems. An anthropometry expert visited each site annually to participate in standardization sessions and provide remedial training as required. Inter- and intra-observer TEM, and average bias relative to the expert, were calculated for the standardization data.
Results: TEM estimates for teams compared well with the anthropometry expert. Overall, average bias was within acceptable limits of deviation from the expert, with head circumference having both lowest bias and lowest TEM. Teams tended to underestimate length, height and arm circumference, and to overestimate skinfold measurements. This was likely due to difficulties associated with keeping children fully stretched out and still for length/height measurements and in manipulating soft tissues for the other measurements. Intra- and inter-observer TEMs were comparable, and newborns, infants and older children were measured with equal reliability. The coefficient of reliability was above 95% for all measurements except skinfolds whose R coefficient was 75–93%.
Conclusion: Reliability of the MGRS teams compared well with the study's anthropometry expert and published reliability statistics.     

《雌性实验猕猴情绪评价量表》建立及信度检验与效度估计

[目的]建立《雌性实验猕猴情绪评价量表》(《量表》),为情志病证猕猴模型情志评价提供客观衡量工具。[方法]对猕猴各种表情行为进行观察分析,建立《雌性实验猕猴情绪评价筛选表》(《筛选表》);采用非条件logistic逐步回归建立初步情志表情数学模型;建立《雌性实验猕猴量表观察表》(《观察表》);采用重测法和分半法对量表稳定性和一致性进行检验;采用等值法对效度标准稳定性进行检验;采用效标关联法对效度进行估计。[结果]愤怒、抑郁、快乐三种情绪重测信度较高,愤怒和抑郁情绪分半信度较高;除焦虑外,其余各情绪效标均较稳定;《量表》各情绪积分均能有效反映相关情绪变化,其中愤怒、抑郁、友善、性行为效度较高。[结论]《量表》虽然在测量某些情绪方面有效性不理想(焦虑),内部一致性差(友善与快乐),但对于愤怒和抑郁这两种主要情绪以及其他情绪测量的信度和效度都达到了量表标准,可较客观地评价雌性实验猕猴情绪表情行为。     

健康素养管理量表(HeLMS)在大肠癌初筛阳性居民中的适用性评估

 目的   对健康素养管理量表(Health Literacy Management Scale,HeLMS)的信度和效度进行评价,探讨其在大肠癌初筛阳性居民中的适用性。方法   采用HeLMS量表对上海市嘉定区2015—2016年1 959名大肠癌初筛阳性的居民进行问卷调查,用因子分析法、Cronbach α系数、相关系数等考察量表的信度和效度。结果    量表的总Cronbach α系数为0.961,量表各维度的Cronbach α系数为0.834~0.929;量表每个条目与其所属维度间的相关系数为0.511~0.936,且均有统计学意义;肠镜检查组的健康素养量表得分为128.99±12.83,显著高于未进行肠镜检查组的126.98±15.66 (P=0.002)。对年龄、性别、初筛阳性特点等进行分层分析,发现年龄>70岁、女性、风险评估及大便隐血均阳性者在肠镜组和非肠镜检查组患者量表得分差异上有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分半信度的Cronbach α系数0.976;因子分析法得到的结果与量表结构大致相符,各维度得分与量表总得分的相关系数为0.517~0.916,均有统计学意义;量表得分的三分位组别(高分、中分和低分)在量表各维度的差异均有统计学意义,提示量表区分效度较好。结论    HeLMS量表在大肠癌初筛阳性居民中具有较好的信度和效度,可用于评价其健康素养水平。     

Development of a new instrument for determining the level of chewing function in children

This study aimed to develop a chewing performance scale that classifies chewing from normal to severely impaired and to investigate its validity and reliability. The study included the developmental phase and reported the content, structural, criterion validity, interobserver and intra‐observer reliability of the chewing performance scale, which was called the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale (KCPS). A dysphagia literature review, other questionnaires and clinical experiences were used in the developmental phase. Seven experts assessed the steps for content validity over two Delphi rounds. To test structural, criterion validity, interobserver and intra‐observer reliability, two swallowing therapists evaluated chewing videos of 144 children (Group I: 61 healthy children without chewing disorders, mean age of 42·38 ± 9·36 months; Group II: 83 children with cerebral palsy who have chewing disorders, mean age of 39·09 ± 22·95 months) using KCPS. The Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) was used for criterion validity. The KCPS steps arranged between 0–4 were found to be necessary. The content validity index was 0·885. The KCPS levels were found to be different between groups I and II (χ² = 123·286, P < 0·001). A moderately strong positive correlation was found between the KCPS and the subscales of the BPFAS (r = 0·444–0·773, P < 0·001). An excellent positive correlation was detected between two swallowing therapists and between two examinations of one swallowing therapist (r = 0·962, P < 0·001; r = 0·990, P < 0·001, respectively). The KCPS is a valid, reliable, quick and clinically easy‐to‐use functional instrument for determining the level of chewing function in children.     

Reliability and agreement of adipose tissue fat fraction measurements with water–fat MRI in patients with manifest cardiovascular disease

The supraclavicular fat depot is known for brown adipose tissue presence. To unravel adipose tissue physiology and metabolism, high quality and reproducible imaging is required. In this study we quantified the reliability and agreement of MRI fat fraction measurements in supraclavicular and subcutaneous adipose tissue of 25 adult patients with clinically manifest cardiovascular disease. MRI fat fraction measurements were made under ambient temperature conditions using a vendor supplied mDixon chemical‐shift water–fat multi‐echo pulse sequence at 1.5 T field strength. Supraclavicular fat fraction reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient_agreement, ICC_agreement) was 0.97 for test–retest, 0.95 for intra‐observer and 0.56 for inter‐observer measurements, which increased to 0.88 when ICC_consistency was estimated. Supraclavicular fat fraction agreement displayed mean differences of 0.5% (limit of agreement (LoA) ?1.7 to 2.6) for test–retest, ?0.5% (LoA ?2.9 to 2.0) for intra‐observer and 5.6% (LoA 0.4 to 10.8) for inter‐observer measurements. Median fat fraction in supraclavicular adipose tissue was 82.5% (interquartile range (IQR) 78.6–84.0) and 89.7% (IQR 87.2–91.5) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, water–fat MRI has good reliability and agreement to measure adipose tissue fat fraction in patients with manifest cardiovascular disease. These findings enable research on determinants of fat fraction and enable longitudinal monitoring of fat fraction within adipose tissue depots. Interestingly, even in adult patients with manifest cardiovascular disease, supraclavicular adipose tissue has a lower fat fraction compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue, suggestive of distinct morphologic characteristics, such as brown adipose tissue. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.