免疫反应在实验性游离型腰椎间盘突出自然吸收中的意义

目的：通过检测CD3和IgG在实验性游离型腰椎间盘突出自然吸收中的表达，探讨腰椎间盘突出后能否自然吸收及其可能的吸收机制。方法：将25只成年狗平均分成5组，从L2/3切取髓核组织，置于L5处的硬脊膜外，于术后2，4，6，8，12周，取动物标本以及正常部位的髓核组织，用CD3抗体和抗IgG进行免疫组化检测。结果：约30%的标本局部为脂肪组织，54%的标本局部硬脊膜与骨粘连，16%的标本既无粘连也无脂肪，免疫组化测定显示，随着时间的推移，CD3^ 细胞的浸润程度呈递减趋势，而IgG沉积的分布程度呈递增趋势，正常髓核无CD3^ 细胞浸润，IgG沉积分布极少。结论：在椎管内，狗游离的髓核组织8-12周后可部分或全部自然吸收，其吸收机制是机体自身免疫反应的结果。     

自发性高血压大鼠内皮素A型受体基因的表达

应用反转录－聚合酶链式反应（ｒｅｖｅｒｓｅｔｒａｎｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎ－ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅｃｈａｉｎｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ，ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）方法，测定大鼠ＥＴ－Ａ型受体（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎＡｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒＥＴＡ－Ｒ）ｍＲＮＡ在体内的分布，证明ＥＴＡ－ＲｍＲＮＡ不仅存在于血管平滑肌细胞，亦存在于内皮细胞中；而且广泛分布于脑、心、肾、肺等组织内。首次发现，在ＳＨＲ大鼠的脑、心、肾组织中，ＥＴＡ－ＲｍＲＮＡ水平明显升高，提示ＥＴＡ－Ｒ基因表达增加，亦可能是高血压发病的一个重要因素。     

自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘的介入治疗

目的 探讨自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘的诊治方法。方法 9例单纯颈内动脉供血,其中6例采取球囊瘘内闭塞术,3例采用瘘口一同闭塞的颈内动脉闭塞术。11例采用微导管超选择性插管,行瘘的供血动脉及瘘口栓塞。栓塞后7例仍有供血者3例经压颈1个月瘘口消失,2例疗效不满意,患者未再来治疗,2例采取经岩下窦途径和经眼静脉途径。1例单纯由颈内动脉脑膜支供血的行γ刀治疗。结果 13例栓塞后造影瘘口完全闭塞,7例栓塞后造影瘘口有显影,术后采取压迫患侧颈总动脉1个月,半年后3例造影瘘口消失,2例疗效不满意,失去随访,2例经眼静脉、岩下窦栓塞海绵窦取得成功。γ刀治疗1例,症状消失。19例随访6个月未见瘘口再通。结论 介入栓塞是治疗自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘行之有效的方法。     

Corticofugal modulation of the information processing in the auditory thalamus of the cat

Summary Single unit activity of 355 cells was recorded in the auditory thalamus of anesthetized cats before, during, and after the inactivation by cooling of the ipsilateral primary auditory cortex (AI). Most of the units (n = 288) showed similar functional characteristics of firing before and after the cryogenic blockade of AI. The spontaneous firing rate remained unchanged by cooling in 20% of the units and decreased in the majority of them (60%). In some regions, i.e. dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB), lateral part of the posterior group of the thalamus, and auditory sector of the reticular nucleus of the thalamus, the maximum firing rate evoked by white noise bursts was generally affected by cooling in the same direction and to the same extent as the spontaneous activity. Units in the ventral division of MGB showed a characteristic increase of signal-to-noise ratio during cortical cooling. The corticofugal modulation led to the appearance or disappearance of the best frequency of tuning in 51 units and changed it by more than 0.5 octave in 34 units. The bandwidths of different response patterns to pure tones stimulation were used to define a set of functional properties. During cryogenic blockade of AI, two cortically modulated sub-populations of units were usually distinguished that exhibited changes for a given functional property. The complexity and diversity of the effects of cortical inactivation suggest that the corticothalamic projection may be the support for selective operations such as an adaptive filtering of the incoming acoustic signal at the thalamic level adjusted as a function of cortical activity.     

328. Mechanismen der langzeitakzeptanz allogener rattenlebertransplantate: makrophagenaustausch und suppressorzellaktivierung

Summary After orthotopic rat liver transplantation in the fully allogeneic BN (RT-1n) to LEW (RT-11) combination, the phenomenon of spontaneous tolerance of donor antigen occurs. We demonstrate two different immune mechanisms that may account for this process. Using adoptive transfer assays we show the presence of donor-specific T-suppressor lymphocytes in the spleens of long-term surviving liver graft, recipients. These cells prolong - adoptively transferred into irradiated syngeneic hosts — the survival of donor-specific (BN) but not third-party (DA) renal allografts (I00 days vs 1I days in control groups). Secondly, we demonstrate the replacement of Kupffer cells in the graft by recipient macrophages using polymorphic monoclonal antibodies in an immunoperoxidase technique. This may contribute to graft adaptation and thus to long-term graft acceptance.     

大豆总皂甙对培养心肌细胞自发性搏动与动作电位的影响

培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠的心室肌细胞,向培养基中分别加入浓度为1.56μg/ml至50μg/ml的大豆皂甙,可使心肌细胞群落的自发性搏动呈剂量依赖性抑制。洗脱大豆皂甙或向培养基中再加入10μg/ml肾上腺素均能使自发性搏动恢复。向培养基中加入大豆皂甙5μg/ml使心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、超射、最大舒张电位、阈电位、最大除极速度等各电参数立即减小。Ca~(2+)80μg/ml能使动作电位的抑制逆转。上述结果表明大豆皂甙对培养的鼠心肌细胞具有钙通道阻滞用。     

Spontaneous circadian fluctuations of prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase serum activities in patients with prostatic cancer

Summary Spontaneous circadian variations of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), determined simultaneously by radioimmunoassay (RIA), were investigated by multiple sampling, over a 24-hour period, in 32 patients with prostatic cancer. In 29/32 patients (91%), the coefficient of variation of 24-hour values, for either marker, was greater than that of the RIA method at the same range of values; stage D patients showed the greatest spontaneous variability. Fluctuations around the mean of 24-hour values ranged from-65% to +85% for PAP, from-72% to +190% for PSA, occurring random and independently for each marker. Variability was about 20% greater for PSA than for PAP. The existence of spontaneous fluctuations should be considered in multiple marker evaluation of prostatic cancer patients.Preliminary results of this study have been presented at the International Symposium on Hormonal Therapy of Prostatic Diseases —Basic and Clinical Aspects, April 6–8, 1987, Milan, Italy     

钡离子(Ba~■)诱发心室肌细胞自发电活动的实验

用心肌细胞跨膜电位记录,证实高浓度Ba~■(4mol/L)可诱发豚鼠心室肌自发电活性,这种自发电活性主要来自延迟后除极电位(DAD)及触发活动,且可被维拉帕米(异搏定)阻断,提示DAD的产生与钙离子内流有关。     

等剪切场中剪切率与剪切时间对全血血小板自发聚集性的影响

本文在研究等剪切场中剪切率与剪切时间对全血血小板自发聚集性的影响时发现,随着剪切时间的延长,血小板自发聚集率与剪切率的关系逐渐由正相关转化为负相关;而随着剪切率的增加,血小板自发聚集率与剪切时间的关系也由正相关转为负相关;剪切率在46 S~(-1)或剪切时间在20分钟时,血小板的自发聚集率与剪切时间或剪切率无关。