Isolation,growth and characteristics of human ovarian surface epithelium

The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is a key tissue in the pathogenesis of ovarian surface epithelial-stromal tumours and ovarian endometriosis, commonly encountered gynaecological diseases. Despite the high incidence of these diseases, experimental in vitro studies of OSE are few and so we used the scraping method with an enzymatic procedure to isolate human OSE and studied its characteristics in vitro. Nineteen normal ovaries were used. After incubation of the ovary for 40 min in collagenase type 1 solution (300 U/ml), the surface cells were removed by gentle scraping with a surgical blade. Cells obtained as a cluster after unit gravity sedimentation with 5% bovine serum albumin in medium 199 were cultured in medium 199 containing 15% fetal bovine serum. The viable cell number in a single ovary was 0.1–2.7×10⁶. The outgrowth of cells started from a homogeneous population of single cells, and the cell population doubling time was between 7 and 10 days. Confluent monolayers were formed after 13–20 days and subcultured from one to three times. The monolayers mostly had a cobblestone appearance, and fusiform or polygonal cells were also observed. By cytochemistry, immunocytochemistry and scanning and transmission electron microscopy, the cells were shown to have characteristics of mesothelial OSE cells in short-term culture. This experimental approach was efficient in providing cultured human OSE, which can be utilized to investigate pathobiology and carcinogenesis.     

哮喘中性粒细胞趋化因子性质的初步研究

测定哮喘发作和缓解期患者的中性粒细胞趋化因子活性,对中性粒细胞趋化因子(NCF)的理化性质进行初步研究。发现哮喘发作期NCA显著升高,RNCF对热较稳定,对蛋白酶敏感。脂溶性NCF活性仅占总NCF活性的4.2%。Sephadex G-200层析表明有两种NCF,一种分子量大于500000,另一种分子量约10000,前者是哮喘发作时的主要NCF。     

中药标准组分的高效液相色谱/质谱联用(HPLC/MS)表征

高效液相色谱/质谱联用表征是化学袁征的重要内容,本文通过高效液相色谱/质谱联用方法系统表征中药标准组分,采用了电喷雾电离源(ESI)、大气压化学电离源(APCI)的正负离子扫描模式,获取标准组分在统一分析条件下,不同表征模式中化合物的光谱、质谱信息。通过对不同标准组分中大量表征数据的比对和分析可发现和归纳色谱、质谱规律,用于不同药材的成分差异性研究,以及由系统制备得到的同种药材不同层次标准组分中成分与含量的变化,为制备成分的确定和高效制备条件及参数的优化提供基础。建立包含分析方法的标准组分色谱质谱数据库,结合色谱、质谱规律,实现已知化合物的搜索匹配与自动质谱解析；预测和发现结构类似的未知化合物,提高研究效率,加强中药物质基础研究的系统性和深入性。     

N-亚甲基磷酸盐壳聚糖衍生物的设计、合成和表征

目的：合成和表征N-亚甲基磷酸盐壳聚糖衍生物作为潜在的肝靶向基因载体：方法：以天然聚合物壳聚糖为原料，与甲醛和磷酸反应，制得双取代的N-亚甲基磷酸壳聚糖，然后在其剩余的2-NH2和乳糖酸反应，制得N-亚甲基磷酸-N-乳糖酰化壳聚糖；与乳糖反应，用KBH4还原，制得N-亚甲基磷酸-N-乳糖胺化壳聚糖。结果与结论：分别用FTIR、1HNMR、13CNMR和元素分析对其进行了表征。用粉末X-衍射、DSC、TG对其物理性质进行了分析。制得的N-亚甲基磷酸壳聚糖、N-亚甲基磷酸-N-乳糖酰化壳聚糖和N-亚甲基磷酸-N-乳糖胺化壳聚糖的取代度分别为1．22，0．23和0．21，所制得的栽体有望作为潜在的肝靶向基因载体：     

Characterization of an alkali-extracted peptidoglycan from KoreanGanoderma lucidum

The biologically active peptidoglycan was purified from the alkali fraction of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum and the composition of the peptidoglycan was investigated by conventional analyses. The alkali-extracted peptidoglycan showed differences in chemical compositions from the water-extracted. The alkali-extracted peptidoglycan contained 6.9% protein and 75.9% carbohydrates composed mainly of beta-glucose, mannose, and alpha-glucose. The molecular weight range of the peptidoglycan was determined as 2,000 kDa-17 kDa. The peptidoglycan is considered to be a hybrid molecule of polysaccharide chains covalently bound as a side chain to the polypeptide core.     

2型登革病毒NS1蛋白单克隆抗体的生物学特性研究

目的制备抗2型登革病毒NSl蛋白的单克隆抗体（mAb），并鉴定其特性。方法以重组NS1蛋白免疫Balb／c小鼠，采用杂交瘤技术制备抗M蛋白的mAb，采用间接ELISA方法和Westernblot进行mAb特异性鉴定；同时采用间接ELISA方法鉴定mAb相对亲和力。结果获得9株可分泌特异性mAb的杂交瘤细胞Ⅲ1A6andU13D2；相对亲和力均在10^6以上。Westernblot显示9株mAb能特异识别重组NS1蛋白。结论成功地制备出抗登革病毒2型病毒NS1蛋白的9株mAb，为建立快速特异检测登革病毒的实验方法提供了有力的工具。     

两种RGD肽修饰的新型阿霉素脂质体的体外表征

目的作为配体,肽对于多种受体显示出良好的靶向性,例如在肿瘤表面过度表达的整合素家族受体。本文主要研究和表征分别用精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸(RGD)三肽和甘氨酸-精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸-丝氨酸(GRGDS)五肽修饰的载药脂质体。方法分别采用RGD和GRGDS对包载阿霉素的立体稳定脂质体(SSL-doxorubicin)进行修饰,以制备RGD-SSL-doxorubicin和GRGDS-SSL-doxorubicin。在体外表征试验中,测定了各种脂质体的包封率、粒径、Zeta电位和释放率,采用SRB试验研究了各脂质体对卵巢癌细胞的细胞毒作用,并应用流式细胞仪和共聚焦显微镜考察了肿瘤细胞对各脂质体包封的阿霉素的摄取情况。结果所有脂质体的包封率均在95%以上,采用RGD或GRGDS进行的修饰并未影响长循环脂质体的包封率。各种脂质体的平均粒径在105.7±3.5nm和130.5±3.0nm之间,Zeta电位在–3.3±0.3和–6.1±0.3mV之间,在模仿体内环境的释放介质(含胎牛血清)中,12小时内约有2/5的阿霉素从脂质体中释放。与游离阿霉素相比,修饰后的脂质体对肿瘤细胞的抑制率略有下降;在研究对阿霉素摄取的流式细胞试验和共聚焦试验中,也有类似现象出现。将各种脂质体分别加入肿瘤细胞后,阿霉素主要分布于SKOV-3的细胞核。结论本研究成功制备了两种分别用精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸(RGD)三肽和甘氨酸-精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸-丝氨酸(GRGDS)五肽修饰的阿霉素脂质体。体外表征结果显示,该修饰不会显著改变立体稳定脂质体的性质。     

Purification and characterization of recombinant human liver prolidase expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The recombinant human liver prolidase (rh-prolidase, EC 3.4.13.9) from the lysate supernatant of engineering yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was purified in two steps employing anion-exchange gradient chromatography (DEAE-Sepharose fast flow) and gel filtration chromatography (Sephacryl S-200 high resolution). The purified recombinant protein furnished a single band with a molecular weight of 56 kD. Intensity scanning of the SDS-PAGE gel revealed that the prolidase accounted for more than 90% of total protein. The optimum pH of the catalytic reaction was 8.0. The enzyme was stimulated by Mn²⁺, but strongly inhibited by Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺. The rh-prolidase expressed in S. cerevisiae had both dipeptidase and organophosphorus acid anhydrolase activity. It catalyzed the hydrolysis of soman and the dipeptide Gly–Pro. In a detoxification test in vitro, purified rh-prolidase was remarkably efficient at eliminating the toxicity of a lethal dose of soman, with the result that mice survived injection of such a dose.     

Purification and characterization of keratinase from a new Bacillus subtilis strain

The aim of this study was to purify and characterize a keratinase produced by a new isolated Bacillus subtilis KD-N2 strain. The keratinase produced by the isolate was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G-75 and DEAE （diethylaminoethyl）-Sepharose chromatographic techniques. The purified enzyme was shown to have a molecular mass of 30.5 kDa, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） analysis. The optimum pH at 50 ℃ was 8.5 and the optimum temperature at pH 8.5 was 55 ℃. The keratinase was partially inactivated by some metal ions, organic solvents and serine protease inhibitor phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride （PMSF）. Sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid （EDTA） had positive effect on the keratinase activity. Reducing agents including dithiothreitol （DTT）, mercaptoethanol, L-cysteine, sodium sulphite, as well as chemicals of SDS, ammonium sulfamate and dimethylsulfoxide （DMSO） stimulated the enzyme activity upon a feather meal substrate. Besides feather keratin, the enzyme is active upon the soluble proteins ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin （BSA）, casein and insoluble ones as sheep wool and human hair. Calf hair, silk and collagen could not be hydrolyzed by the keratinase.     

碳/碳复合材料新基体—聚芳基乙炔研究Ⅰ.芳基乙炔的合成与表征

用溴化—脱溴化氢一步法制备二乙炔基苯，研究碱、催化剂、反应温度及反应时间等因素对产率的影响。结果表明，以聚乙二醇－４００为相转移催化剂，二乙炔基苯的产率达６８．６％。用气相色谱、红外光谱、核磁共振和质谱对产物进行了分析表征。