2018—2019年赤道几内亚Bioko岛恶性疟原虫抗药性基因多态性分析

目的　调查赤道几内亚Bioko岛恶性疟原虫多药耐药蛋白1（Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1, PfMDR1）、氯喹抗性转运蛋白基因（P. falciparum chloroquine resistant transporter, PfCRT）和Kelch 13基因（P. falciparum Kelch 13, PfK13）多态性,为当地疟疾防控策略制定提供参考。方法　采集2018—2019年赤道几内亚Bioko岛恶性疟原虫感染者外周血样本85份,提取基因组DNA。采用巢式PCR技术扩增PfMDR1、PfCRT和 PfK13基因,对扩增产物进行DNA测序,并对基因序列进行比对。结果　赤道几内亚Bioko岛恶性疟原虫PfK13基因不存在已知与青蒿素抗性相关的突变;PfMDR1基因和PfCRT基因均存在不同比例抗药性突变,其中PfMDR1_N86Y、PfMDR1_Y184F和PfCRT_K76T突变率分别为35.29%（30/85）、72.94%（62/85）和24.71%（21/85）。结论　赤道几内亚Bioko岛恶性疟原虫PfMDR1、PfCRT基因和 PfK13基因均存在不同程度突变。     

Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum gamete surface antigens in Papua New Guinea sera

Sera from individuals living in malaria endemic areas of Papua New Guinea were tested for their effect on infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes grown in culture to Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes. Consistent reduction of infectivity to less than 5% of control was observed with nine out of the 41 sera from the endemic area tested and also with three out of seven sera tested from individuals rarely exposed to malaria infection. Gamete surface antigens recognized by the sera were investigated by immunoprecipitation from 125I surface-labelled gametes extracted in SDS and Triton X-100. The main antigens recognized were of the same mol. wt (230, 48 and 45 kD) as those known to be targets of transmission-blocking monoclonal antibodies. A significant negative correlation was observed between the total ct/min immunoprecipitated from surface-labelled gametes by the sera and the average number of oocysts per gut observed in membrane feeding experiments with these sera. Spearmann's rank correlation coefficient indicated that suppression of infectivity correlated strongly with the presence of antibodies against the 230 kD protein; there was no significant correlation between suppression and antibodies to the 48/45 kD proteins. The antibody response to the different gamete surface antigens varied greatly in sera from the endemic areas suggesting that individuals respond differently to each gamete antigen.     

P2X受体对豚鼠胃窦环行肌自发性收缩运动的影响

目的:探讨P2X受体激动剂α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-MeATP)对豚鼠胃窦环行肌运动的影响及其离子通道机制.方法:采用EWG/B豚鼠,制备去黏膜胃窦环行肌条(10×1.5 mm),并将其固定于恒温灌流槽内(37℃),用碳酸氢钠缓冲液连续灌流并通氧(950 mL/L O_2,50 mL/L CO_2).利用SMUP-E生物信号处理系统记录胃窦平滑肌自发性收缩活动,Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法分离豚鼠胃窦环行肌单细胞,传统全细胞膜片钳技术记录急性分离的胃窦平滑肌细胞膜电位和离子电流,包括钙激活钾电流、延迟整流型钾电流及电压依赖性钙电流.结果:嘌呤能P2X受体激动剂α,β-MeATP明显抑制豚鼠胃窦环行肌自发性收缩,并有明显的量效倚赖关系:5,10,20,40,100μmol/Lα,β-MeATP作用下,环行肌收缩幅度分别由对照组的100%下降到90%±2%.81%±4%,68%±4%,59%±7%和29%±4%(P<0.05).用神经阻断剂Tetrodotoxin (TTX)预处理后,α,β-MeATP对胃窦环行肌自发性收缩的抑制作用仍不受影响;在传统全细胞膜片钳电流钳模式下,500μmol/Lα,β-MeATP不影响细胞膜电位,也对两种外向钾电流,即延迟整流型钾电流和钙激活钾电流没有影响;不同浓度的α,β-MeATP对电压依赖性钙电流没有影响.结论:P2X受体激动剂抑制豚鼠胃窦环行肌自发性收缩,其作用机制不依赖内在神经,也不依赖细胞膜离子通道以及膜电位改变.     

哮喘豚鼠肺组织T-bet基因表达的实验研究

目的　探讨哮喘豚鼠肺组织中 T- bet基因 m- RNA的表达水平。方法　采用 RT- PCR技术 ,检测哮喘豚鼠肺组织中 T- bet基因表达水平。结果　哮喘组肺组织中 T- bet基因的表达水平明显低于正常对照组 (p<0 .0 1)。结论　哮喘组肺组织中 T- bet基因的表达水平明显降低。     

Distribution of glycinin in the gastrointestinal tissue of pigs at different growth stages

The gastrointestinal distribution of glycinin in pigs at different growth stages was investigated in this study. Fifteen healthy General No. 1 barrows weaned on the 28th day were randomly assigned to three groups with five replicates: five weanling, five growing and five finishing. All pigs received diets with non-soya bean ingredients in non-experimental periods, while the pigs received diets containing 4% purified glycinin in experimental periods. Binding of anti-glycinin antibody was detected using a labelled streptavidin–peroxidase complex method to determine the gastrointestinal distribution of glycinin. The results indicated that there was a significant difference on the gastrointestinal mucosal distribution of glycinin between pigs of different ages. Glycinin in growers was higher than piglets and lower than finishers (P<0.001). The highest content of glycinin was in the distal jejunum and ileum for piglets, and in distal jejunum for growers and finishers (P<0.05).     

江西省表观健康猪群携带猪链球菌状况分析

目的：了解江西省表观健康猪群携带猪链球菌的情况,为有效防控猪链球菌病提供科学依据。方法选取景德镇市、崇仁县为采样点,采集表观健康猪群鼻咽拭子和扁桃体进行猪链球菌病原分离鉴定。结果共采集表观健康猪群鼻咽拭子和扁桃体样本301份,检出2株猪链球菌2型,其毒力基因mrp、sly、ef均为阴性。结论本次调查中江西省表观健康猪携带猪链球菌的带菌率为0.66％。     

经球囊导管肝段热凝固CT与病理对照研究

目的观察经球囊导管阻断肝动脉高热灌注生理盐水行肝段热凝固CT表现。方法实验猪6头,选用球囊导管阻断肝段动脉血流进行热灌注,导管流出温度设置50~60℃之间。热灌注结束后即刻、14天,行肝动脉DSA检查和肝脏螺旋CT扫描,14天将实验猪全部处死,取出肝脏进行病理检查。结果热灌注后14天,6头实验猪均存活。DSA检查见靶段动脉闭塞,肝组织热灌注区显示充盈缺损。肝脏热灌注区CT影像学表现:热灌注结束后即刻,热灌注区显示大片状低密度改变,无明显强化,边缘显示模糊;热灌注后14天,CT平扫示肝脏热灌注区呈典型楔形低密度改变;CT增强示热灌注区显示"三环征",由内向外分为低密度无增强区、边缘强化带和移行区透明带。病理上取得6个热凝固灶,CT上低密度无增强区、边缘强化带和移行区透明带分别代表病理的凝固性坏死区、炎性充血带和纤维化带。结论增强CT能准确反映经动脉导管肝段介入性热毁损的病理改变,DSA价值有限。     

普济煎液对豚鼠EB病毒的抑制及免疫干预作用

摘要 目的 探讨普济煎液对豚鼠EB病毒的抑制及其免疫干预作用。 方法 经滴鼻、口腔接种EB病毒1周,造模成功后,把豚鼠分为5组：正常对照组、模型组、阿昔洛韦组、低剂量普济煎液组、高剂量普济煎液组,每组各9只,分别予生理盐水、阿昔洛韦、普济煎液灌胃2周。末次给药后,检测豚鼠血液淋巴细胞中EBV-DNA载量、血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IFN-γ、EBV-VCA IgG含量。结果 与正常对照组比较,模型组、阿昔洛韦组、低剂量普济煎液组、高剂量普济煎液组淋巴细胞中EBV-DNA拷贝数、血清中EBV-VCA IgG含量显著升高（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,阿昔洛韦组、低剂量普济煎液组、高剂量普济煎液组淋巴细胞中EBV-DNA拷贝数降低（P<0.05）;高剂量普济煎液组淋巴细胞中EBV-DNA拷贝数较阿昔洛韦组降低（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,阿昔洛韦组、低剂量普济煎液组、高剂量普济煎液组血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IFN-γ含量升高（P<0.05）;高剂量普济煎液组中TNF-α、IFN-γ含量较阿昔洛韦组升高（P<0.05）。结论 普济煎液能有效抑制EBV-DNA复制,其机制可能是通过上调TNF-α、IL-6、IFN-γ表达,降低IL-10的表达,增强豚鼠免疫应答效应,抑制EB病毒增殖。     

软骨－软骨膜复合体重建鼓膜的组织学变化

目的：探讨软骨－软骨膜复合体修补鼓膜穿孔后其软骨厚度及软骨膜内血管密度的变化。方法45只雄性豚鼠随机分为A、B、C三组,每组15只,每只豚鼠分别于左侧耳制作鼓膜穿孔模型后立即采用同侧耳甲腔软骨－软骨膜复合体植入修补鼓膜,植入前先测量并记录植入复合体的厚度,分别观察术后2周（A组）、6周（B组）及12周（C组）植入复合体的厚度、软骨膜内血管密度;另取B组5只豚鼠的右耳（对照组）行鼓膜穿孔造模,不行鼓膜修补术。结果 A、B、C三组豚鼠左耳鼓膜穿孔平均愈合时间为3．8±0．84天,对照组鼓膜穿孔自愈时间为7．2±0．84天;A、B、C三组软骨－软骨膜复合体植入前厚度分别为0．199±0．023、0．198±0．017、0．193±0．021mm ,三组间差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）,而植入后2周（A组）植入体厚度为0．227±0．024mm ,较植入前增厚,植入后6周（B组）植入体厚度为0．191±0．016mm ,较植入前无变化（ P＞0．05）,但较植入后2周（A组）变薄（ P＝0．016）,植入后12周的C组植入体厚度为0．169±0．017mm ,较植入前明显变薄（ P＜0．05）,且较植入后2周（A组）、6周（B组）厚度变薄（P＝0．00）;植入后第2、6周,软骨膜单位面积中血管数量分别为13．28±2．49、7．71±2．49个,第2、6周时重建鼓膜的组织学结构为鳞状上皮层、纤维－软骨膜层、软骨层、粘膜层,第12周时为鳞状上皮层、软骨层及粘膜层。结论耳廓软骨－软骨膜复合体重建鼓膜的愈合时间短于鼓膜自行愈合的时间;植入后复合体的厚度较植入前先增厚再变薄,软骨膜层血管数量表现为先增加后减少;重建鼓膜最终组织学分层与正常鼓膜组织学结构相似。