绿茶与4种乔木型别样茶抗氧化活性比较研究

目的：比较绿茶与4 种乔木型别样茶的抗氧化活性。方法：通过清除二苯代苦味酰基（DPPH）法、铁离子还原测定（FRAP）法、亚铁离子螯合（FIC）法、β胡萝卜素-亚油酸4 种体外抗氧化活性测定方法,综合考察绿茶和老鹰茶、大叶苦丁茶、石崖茶、青钱柳茶4 种乔木型别样茶水提物的抗氧化活性,同时用Folin-Ciocalteus 法测定4 种别样茶的总多酚含量。结果：石崖茶具有卓越的抗氧化能力,其螯合亚铁离子能力和还原铁离子能力均优于绿茶;老鹰茶、大叶苦丁茶具有良好的抗氧化活性,大叶苦丁茶还原铁离子能力优于绿茶,老鹰茶和大叶苦丁茶清除自由基（DPPH）能力比绿茶稍低,但高于人工合成抗氧化剂二丁基羟基甲苯（BHT）;青钱柳茶抗氧化活性最低。结论：石崖茶、老鹰茶、大叶苦丁茶均具有较高的开发利用价值,值得深入研究和大力推广。     

基于UPLC技术测定栀子主要有效成分及特征指纹图谱研究

目的：为进一步提升栀子药材的质量评价方法,该文建立了同时测定栀子药材中4个主要有效成分（京尼平苷酸、栀子苷、西红花苷-Ⅰ、西红花苷-Ⅱ）含量检测方法。方法：采用超高效液相色谱法,Waters Acquity UPLC BEH-C₁₈色谱柱（2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm）,以乙腈（A）-0.1%甲酸水溶液（B）为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.3mL·min^-1;检测波长分别为240nm、440nm。在优化的色谱条件下,4个有效成分浓度在0.0065-96μg·mL^-1范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（R²）不低于0.9995,检测限为0.0386-0.1875μg·mL^-1。结果：对不同产地12批栀子药材的含量测定表明,不同产地栀子药材中4个成分的含量存在较大差异,其中栀子苷、西红花苷-Ⅰ含量分别为2.44%-6.96%、1.26%-3.04%。同时利用ChemPattern软件构建了12批栀子药材的特征指纹图谱,并采用多元统计方法（相似度SA、主成分分析PCA和聚类分析HCA）对不同样品测定结果进行了分析和探讨。结论：所建立的方法为栀子药材及饮片的质量评价和控制提供了参考。     

珊瑚菜Gl4CL 基因克隆与生物信息学分析

目的：对动物药材DNA提取方法进行优化,利用优化方法提取市售动物药材DNA并进行DNA条形码鉴定。方法：基于SDS法DNA提取原理,比较裂解液中不同EDTA浓度（0.025、0.25、0.5 mol·L-1）、是否含NaCl和Triton X-100等因素对不同用药部位动物药材DNA提取质量的影响,筛选得到最佳裂解液配方;使用优化的裂解液配方提取121份市售动物药材DNA并进行基原物种鉴定。结果：裂解液配方为1 % SDS、0.03 mol·L-1 Tris-HCl、0.25 mol·L-1 EDTA、0.2 mol·L-1NaCl对不同用药部位动物药材DNA提取效果最佳,并可实现对蝉蜕等提取困难样本DNA的提取;利用优化裂解液提取的121份市售动物药材DNA满足中药材分子鉴定后续实验要求,所有市售动物药材均可准确鉴定到基原物种。结论：本研究优化的裂解液配方可用于除壳类、分泌物类、加工品外不同用药部位动物药材的DNA提取,为动物药材分子鉴定提供了技术支持。     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of minocycline on the behavior damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) in C57BL/6 mice. METHODS The PD models were formed with intraperitoneal injections of MPTP in C57BL/6 mice.Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groupscontrol group,MPTP group,MPTP+Mino group and Mino group(10 for each group). The levels of midbrain DA,DOPAC and HVA were measured by HPLC after behavior tests(swimming test,pole test and locomotor activity test ) were performed. RESULTS Swimming scores,climbing score and locomotor activity of MPTP+Mino group were significantly higher than the MPTP group(P<0.01). And the content of midbrain DA,DOPAC and HVA of MPTP+Mino group was significantly higher than the MPTP group(P<0.01). CONCLUSION Minocycline inhibits MPTP-induced damage of motor function in mice,the mechanism may be work via inhibiting MPTP-induced mice dopamine neuron damage.     

In comparison with vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluene,the antioxidant capacity of aqueous extracts from buds and flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the antioxidant capacity of aqueous extracts of buds and flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (BLJ and FLJ) using in vitro assays.

降香药材质量标准历史沿革与现状分析

20世纪60年代以后,本草书籍及各地方标准中降香药材的来源已变为降香檀的心材部位,在质量评价时通常以色紫红、质硬、不带外皮和边材、油润、香气浓者为佳。然而,由于降香供不应求,市场上充斥着伪劣产品,亟须调整相关质量标准以规范降香药材市场。对降香质量标准、炮制规范和商品规格进行综述,以期为降香质量标准的提升和规范研究提供参考。     

草甘膦对党参生长 根腐病及根际土壤微生物的影响

目的 探究除草剂草甘膦对党参生长、根腐病发生和药用成分的影响及可能的土壤微生态机制。方法 调查同一地块中草甘膦处理组和对照组党参的存苗数、鲜质量和发病情况,采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定党参炔苷含量、分光光度法测定多糖含量,采用扩增子技术测定根际土壤微生物群落变化。结果 施用草甘膦能够显著降低党参的存苗数（P<0.05）,对党参地上部生长有一定抑制作用;根腐病发病率及病情指数高于对照组,分别增加了34.51%和34.81%（P<0.05）;党参炔苷和多糖的含量降低。另外,草甘膦处理对党参根际土壤微生物的多样性及真菌群落结构影响较小,但细菌群落中伯克霍尔德氏菌目（Burkholderiales）和鞘脂单胞菌目（Sphingomonadales）显著增加（P<0.05）。结论 施用草甘膦对党参生长有一定抑制作用,导致根腐病加重,这可能与部分根际细菌的相对丰度变化有关。     

基于CNKI的柴胡中文文献计量学研究

运用文献计量学研究手段及CiteSpace软件对中国知网（CNKI）1979年1月至2020年7月收载柴胡相关的中文文献进行分析,共获得中文文献30 762篇,这期间文献发表量稳定增长。关键词分析显示,柴胡的研究热点主要集中在方剂配伍应用及临床功效方面,近年来,在胃肠道和精神类疾病方面研究较多,柴胡皂苷a、柴胡皂苷d是柴胡研究中最受关注的活性成分。柴胡的经典配伍方剂是柴胡研究的持续热点,抑郁失眠已逐步成为柴胡现代临床研究的重点。通过对41年间中文文献的机构、作者、期刊、关键词和突现词等方面进行分析,讨论国内柴胡的研究现状及前沿动态,并为柴胡的进一步研究提供思路。     

丹参F3'5'H基因克隆及其序列分析

目的:为了验证丹参类黄酮-3′,5′-羟基化酶(Flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase,F3′5′H)基因与丹参花色表型的相关性,本研究克隆并分析了紫花丹参99-3株系和一些白花丹参中的F3′5′H基因。方法:本研究通过提取紫花丹参和白花丹参中的总RNA,再将其反转录得到cDNA,以此cDNA为模板,利用PCR方法扩增获得F3′5′H基因全长序列。再利用生物信息学分析方法,分析了该基因编码蛋白质的理化性状、结构域、系统进化等特点,并预测了该蛋白质的亚细胞定位、跨膜区等;利用实时定量PCR方法检测了该基因的表达特异性;利用毛状根遗传转化方法获得了该基因的过表达阳性毛状根株系。结果:F3′5′H基因全长1551 bp,编码516个氨基酸,相对分子质量为57.4 kDa。该基因在丹参花中高丰度表达。在42份(紫花25份;白花17份)丹参样品中发现一个单核苷酸多态性(Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms,SNP)位点在紫花和白花丹参中呈现与花色相关的稳定变化。系统发育分析表明丹参F3′5′H与美女樱的F3′5′H具有较高序列同源性。获得了过表达F3′5′H的毛状根株系。结论:本研究在丹参中克隆到F3′5′H基因,对其序列进行了分析,为进一步研究丹参F3′5′H基因的功能奠定基础。     

黄芩不同部位中15种黄酮类成分的含量测定及化学计量学研究

Objective: The aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were used as Huangqin Tea for thousands of years and mainly contain flavonoids which contribute to its bioactivities. However, there is no appropriate quality evaluation method of Huangqin Tea, and three flavanones of isocarthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide,carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide with high contents in the aerial parts have never been defined quantitatively. Here, an HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of 15 flavonoids and systematically compared their contents and distribution in the roots,stems, leaves, and flowers of S. baicalensis was established.Methods: Under the HPLC-DAD chromatographic conditions, 77 batches of samples of S. baicalensis were analyzed. Meanwhile, the chromatographic fingerprint of different parts of S. baicalensis was established.Subsequently, principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), and clustering heat map were performed based on the contents of 15 flavonoids in different parts of S. baicalensis.Results: The results showed significant differences in the contents and distributions of 15 flavonoids among the different parts of S. baicalensis. The chemical composition of stems showed some similarities to leaves, and their contents were all lower than leaves. The contents of isocarthamidin-7-O-β–glucuronide [(106.66 66 ± 22.68) mg/g], carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide [(19.82 ± 11.17) mg/g],and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide [(3.10 ± 1.73) mg/g] were the highest in leaves. The content of apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and chrysin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide were the highest in flowers. The contents of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, alpinetin, and oroxylin A were higher in roots than in other parts.Conclusion: The method was fully validated and could be effectively used to characterize the contents and distributions of main flavonoids in the different parts of S. baicalensis. It may lay a foundation to establish the quality evaluation system for Huangqin Tea.