Terlipressin versus norepinephrine as infusion in patients with septic shock: a multicentre,randomised, double-blinded trial

Purpose

Recent clinical data suggest that terlipressin, a vasopressin analogue, may be more beneficial in septic shock patients than catecholamines. However, terlipressin’s effect on mortality is unknown. We set out to ascertain the efficacy and safety of continuous terlipressin infusion compared with norepinephrine (NE) in patients with septic shock.

Methods

In this multicentre, randomised, double-blinded trial, patients with septic shock recruited from 21 intensive care units in 11 provinces of China were randomised (1:1) to receive either terlipressin (20–160 µg/h with maximum infusion rate of 4 mg/day) or NE (4–30 µg/min) before open-label vasopressors. The primary endpoint was mortality 28 days after the start of infusion. Primary efficacy endpoint analysis and safety analysis were performed on the data from a modified intention-to-treat population.

Results

Between 1 January 2013 and 28 February 2016, 617 patients were randomised (312 to the terlipressin group, 305 to the NE group). The modified intention-to-treat population comprised 526 (85.3%) patients (260 in the terlipressin group and 266 in the NE group). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality rate between the terlipressin group (40%) and the NE group (38%) (odds ratio 0.93 [95% CI 0.55–1.56]; p?=?0.80). Change in SOFA score on day 7 was similar between the two groups: ??7 (IQR ??11 to 3) in the terlipressin group and ??6 (IQR ??10 to 5) in the NE group. There was no difference between the groups in the number of days alive and free of vasopressors. Overall, serious adverse events were more common in the terlipressin group than in the NE group (30% vs 12%; p?<?0.001).

Conclusions

In this multicentre, randomised, double-blinded trial, we observed no difference in mortality between terlipressin and NE infusion in patients with septic shock. Patients in the terlipressin group had a higher number of serious adverse events.

Trial registration

This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: ID NCT01697410.

     

显微耳科手术在无肌松药下瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚全麻疗效

目的：探讨显微耳科手术在无肌松药下瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚全麻疗效。方法：收集我院2011年12月～2014年1月期间进行显微镜下乳突根治术患者共计84例,随机分为无肌松组42例,肌松组42例。两组均给予常规诱导后并气管插管。无肌松组静脉持续输注丙泊酚+瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。肌松组插管后静脉注射维库溴铵0.1mg/kg,持续静脉输注丙泊酚+瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。评价两组患者切皮时（T1）,电钻磨骨时（T2）,拔管后10min （T3）各点肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平;同时记录切皮、电钻磨骨、拔管后10min 患者收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）及心率（HR）。结果：无肌松组和肌松组切皮时、电钻磨骨时,各点收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心率及肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平差异无统计学意义。拔管后各项观察指标差异有统计学意义。无肌松组和肌松组不良反应和并发症分别为（2.7%、5.4%;16.2%、21.6%）,差异有统计学意义。结论：认为舒芬太尼、丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼联合应用可以抑制血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮对血压的波动,用于显微耳科手术效果满意,安全可行。     

LC-MS/MS法测定血浆中米非司酮及低剂量人体药代动力学研究

目的:建立LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中米非司酮浓度,并对口服10 mg米非司酮片后的药代动力学进行研究。方法:血浆样品以他达那非为内标,经乙腈沉淀蛋白后进行LC-MS/MS分析。采用高效液相色谱分离系统,色谱柱为Sun Fire C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相为10 mmo L·L-1醋酸铵溶液-乙腈-甲酸(20∶80∶0.2);采用质谱检测系统,ESI离子源,正离子模式,多反应监测(MRM)方式监测m/z 430→m/z 372(米非司酮)和m/z 390→m/z 268(内标他达那非)。结果:米非司酮质量浓度在1.0~1 000.0 ng·m L-1范围内与色谱响应相关性良好,定量下限为1.0 ng·m L-1。批内及批间精密度RSD均小于9%,准确度在91.0%~107.6%。20名受试者单次服用10 mg米非司酮片后AUC0-96 h为(4 198.2±1 792.8)ng·m L-1·h,AUC0-∞为(4 384.2±1 880.1)ng·m L-1·h,Cmax为(476.4±223.1)ng·m L-1,tmax为(1.04±0.80)h,t1/2为(20.61±6.50)h,MRT为(21.46±4.32)h,CL为(2.7±1.1)L·h-1,Vd为(75.9±28.0)L。结论:本测定方法灵敏准确,简便易行,适用于服用低剂量米非司酮后血药浓度的测定及其药代动力学研究。研究结果显示米非司酮片口服后吸收较快,1 h左右达峰值;受试者用药后无不良事件发生,安全性较高。     

Relation of genetic polymorphisms in microRNAs with diastolic and systolic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background and aimsType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has high risk of developing cardiac dysfunction, increasing of either cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure. MicroRNAs (miRNA) affect cardiac function of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between five miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and diastolic and systolic function of T2DM.Methods and resultsThree hundred untreated T2DM subjects were included. Each subject underwent SNP genotyping, conventional echocardiography, tissue doppler imaging, and speckle tracking imaging. The effects of miRNA SNPs on diastolic and systolic function were evaluated. The diastolic function of T2DM subjects with miR-133a-1-rs8089787 wild genotype or let-7f-rs10877887 variant genotype was lower than those with miR-133a-1-rs8089787 variant genotype or let-7f-rs10877887 wild genotype, manifesting as higher left atrial volume index, lower mean E′, and higher E/E’ (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects of miR-133a-2-rs13040413, let-7a-1-rs13293512 and miR-27a-rs895819 on the diastolic function of T2DM subjects (P > 0.05). These five miRNA SNPs had no effect on the systolic function of T2DM subjects (P > 0.05).ConclusionsMiRNA-133a-1-rs8089787 and let-7f-rs10877887 were associated with impaired cardiac diastolic function in T2DM. The findings may be a promising therapeutic targets for preventing diastolic dysfunction in T2DM.     

Roles and competencies in the nutritional domain for the management of the metabolic diseases and in the hospital setting: A position paper of the Italian College of Academic Nutritionists,MED-49 (ICAN-49)

Epidemiological evidence has confirmed the potential causal relationship between specific dietary factors and non-communicable diseases. However, currently nutrition was shown to be insufficiently integrated into medical education, regardless of the country. Without an adequate nutrition education, it is reasonable to assume that future physicians, as well as other health care professionals, will be not able to provide the highest quality care to patients in preventing and treating non-communicable diseases. Furthermore, the insufficient availability of physicians with specializations in nutrition has posed the basis for the development of non-medical careers in the field of nutrition. The present document was drafting by the Italian College of Academic Nutritionists, MED-49 (ICAN-49), with the aim to provide an overview on the nutritional competency standards covered by several health care professionals (Physicians Clinical Nutrition Specialists, Clinical Dietitians, Professional Clinical Nutrition Specialists, etc) for the prevention of diseases and/or support of pharmacological therapies. The aim of the ICAN 49 is to suggest a major shift in practice opportunities and roles for many nutritionists, especially for the management of the metabolic diseases, and promote a paradigm change: a clinical and educational leadership role for Physician Clinical Nutrition Specialists in the hospital setting.     

PDCA循环法在抗肿瘤药物及其辅助用药规范化管理中的应用及效果评价

目的探讨PDCA循环法在抗肿瘤药物及其辅助用药规范化管理中的应用效果,促进药物的合理应用。方法2018年在我院抗肿瘤药物及其辅助用药管理中实施PDCA循环法,持续9个月。通过开展季度专项点评工作,每季度与上季度进行比较,统计分析PDCA循环法实施前3个月和实施3个月、6个月及9个月后抗肿瘤药物及其辅助用药使用合理率的改善情况,以此来评价管理效果。结果我院抗肿瘤药物及其辅助用药的使用合理率由PDCA循环法实施前的16.67%逐渐升高至实施9个月后的90.00%;其中,抗肿瘤药物的用药合理率每季度与上季度比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);抗肿瘤辅助用药的用药合理率在实施9个月后与实施6个月后比较有显著统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论通过应用PDCA循环法进行质量管理,我院抗肿瘤药物及其辅助用药的用药合理率得到明显提高。     

治咳川贝枇杷滴丸治疗慢性支气管炎（单纯型）急性发作（痰热郁肺证）的多中心随机双盲对照研究

目的 观察治咳川贝枇杷滴丸治疗慢性支气管炎（单纯型）急性发作（痰热郁肺证）有效性和安全性。方法 160例西医诊断为慢性支气管炎（单纯型）急性发作、中医辨证痰热郁肺证患者随机分为试验组120例和对照组40例。试验组口服治咳川贝枇杷滴丸,6丸/次,3次/d;对照组口服枇杷止咳胶囊,2粒/次,3次/d;两组疗程均为10 d。以临床疗效为主要观察指标。结果 治疗后试验组咳嗽、咯痰症状减轻的起效中位时间为102.0 h（FAS数据集,下同）、对照组为123.5 h,试验组咳嗽、咯痰症状痊愈中位时间为199.0 h、对照组为未痊愈,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组治疗后中医证候评分均较治疗前均明显减少,组内治疗前后比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.01）,但治疗后中医证候评分与基线差值的组间比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）;治疗满10 d,试验组总愈显率为64.17%,对照组为45.00%,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组发生不良事件10例（6.67%）,对照组发生不良事件3例（7.50%）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;试验期间无严重不良事件发生。结论 治咳川贝枇杷滴丸治疗慢性支气管炎（单纯型）急性发作（痰热郁肺证）的临床疗效确切,安全性较好,具有较好的临床应用前景。