营养干预对骨髓移植病人抗氧化力及脂质过氧化的影响

目的探讨外源性补充抗氧化性维生素对骨髓移植病人抗氧化力及脂质过氧化的影响。方法将19名骨髓移植病人随机分为实验和对照组,实验组在预处理前给予维生素C(300 mg/d)和维生素E(600 mg/d),对照组不予补充,其余处理两者相同。测定移植前后两组病人的血浆总抗氧化力、丙二醛、全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及红细胞超氧化物歧化酶水平。结果(1)移植前后实验组血浆总抗氧化力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶值一直处于正常或正常值附近,对照组则低于正常值,两组相比有显著差异;(2)移植后实验组丙二醛值很快降至正常,对照组则一直处于较高水平,两组有显著差异。结论移植前外源性补充抗氧化性维生素可提高骨髓移植病人机体的抗氧化力,减少了脂质过氧化物的产生,有效缓解移植前大剂量放、化疗对病人机体造成的高氧化胁迫压力。     

广东汉族人群乙肝疫苗免疫应答水平与HLA—DRB1＊02，07，09的相关性

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between immune response to hepatitis B vaccine and HLA-DRB1*02, 07, 09 genes in the population of Han nationality in Guangdong Province. METHODS: A total of 1 400 healthy college students of Han nationality from Guangdong Province were recruited in this study, who received standard courses of vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine at month 0, 1 and 6. Eight weeks after the final vaccination, the serum levels of anti-HBs antibody was examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Detection of HLA-DRB1*02, 07, 09 alleles were performed with PCR using sequence-specific primers in 118 individuals who failed to produce or produced insufficient antibodies (nonresponders or weak responders), 100 normal responders and 45 strong responders. RESULTS: The frequency of HLA-DRB1*07 in nonresponders or weak responders was significantly higher than that in normal or strong responders (15.25% vs 3.44%, P<0.05), while the frequency of HLA-DRB1*02 was much lower (5.08% vs 17.9%, P<0.05). The frequency of HLA-DRB1*09 showed no obvious difference between the 2 groups (19.49% vs 17.9%, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Failure or deficiency in the response to HBV vaccine is associated with the HLA-DRB1*07 gene, while HLA-DRB1*02 gene is related to the normal vaccination process or overreaction. Definite relation of HLA-DRB1*09 to the response to HBV vaccine is not found.     

改良以聚羟基乙酸为支架同种异体组织工程化塑形软骨的构建

OBJECTIVE: To improve the method for constructing allogeneic molded cartilage by means of tissue engineering techniques. METHODS: The chondrocytes from the rib and articular cartilage of infant rabbits were harvested by type II collagenase digestion, followed by in vitro cell culture for 3 to 4 passages. The chondrocytes were then prepared into cell suspension and seeded onto C -and O -shaped pre-molded polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds form chondrocyte-PGA composites, which were subsequently cultured in vitro for 7 to 10 d before implanted subcutaneously into adult rabbits. Improvement was made upon conventional shaping and implantation procedures. Morphological observation and cartilage regeneration assessment were conducted at different time points following the implantation, in comparison with the observation by conventional shaping and implantation methods. RESULTS: During in vitro cell culture, the rate of viable chondrocytes in the final cell suspension was (92+/-2)% after well-controlled prolongation of digestion trypsin, similar to the viable cell rate (93+/-2) % by traditional procedures (P>0.05). Gross observation found milk-white, newly generated cartilage which had good flexibility 4 weeks after implantation, and after 8 weeks and later, the cartilage took on the color of porcelain-white. Histological examination showed a few inflammatory cells around the newly generated immature cartilage 4 weeks after implantation, and the inflammation abated when the newly generated cartilage acquired similar histological properties to that of the original cartilage 8 weeks postoperatively and later. After 16 weeks, no blood vessel or capillaries were visible within the new cartilage. CONCLUSION: The chondrocyte viability is not affected when the cells are treated with well-controlled prolonged digestion with trypsin during in vitro cell culture. Improved PGA scaffolds shaping and the implantation procedure facilitate the regeneration of the cartilage after the implantation of the composites.     

Quinone oxidoreductase gene polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma]

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain whether the point mutation of cDNA609 C to T of quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) gene is associated with the genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was employed to assess the polymorphism of NQO1 genes both in 120 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 120 healthy subjects matched for age, gender and origin. RESULTS: The allelic frequency of mutant T allele of NQO1 gene was significantly higher in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma than in the healthy subjects (P<0.05), and the individuals with T allelic genotype of NQO1 gene were at greater risk to develop nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CONCLUSION: The cDNA 609 T allele of NQO1 gene is very likely to be associated with the genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.     

超微孔膨体聚四氟乙烯人工心脏瓣膜体外流体力学的评价

目的采用新型高分子材料制备人工心脏瓣膜,并对其体外流体力学特征作出评价。方法将片状超微孔膨体聚四氟乙烯材料缝制于弹性支架上做成人工心脏瓣膜,以Baxter人工双叶机械瓣作对照,对新型瓣膜进行了静态泄漏和定常流测试。结果两种瓣膜静态泄漏率无显著差异(P>0.05),定常流下高分子瓣膜跨瓣压差更低,两组间存在显著差异(P<0.001)。结论新型高分子人工心脏瓣膜体外流体动力学性能优于Baxter机械瓣。     

5-FU多聚缓释体植入技术治疗脑胶质瘤

目的观察5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)多聚缓释体植入胶质瘤内化疗的临床效果,探索化疗药物的新剂型和新途径。方法在60例胶质瘤病人在开颅术中或以立体定向方式植入5-FU多聚缓释体,5-FU含量100～150mg。随访5～24周,通过影像学检查,计算肿瘤平均径。比较手术前及各随访时间段肿瘤平均径的变化,并观察瘤周水肿情况。结果38例病人术后病情稳定。无化疗不良反应。肿瘤平均径在术后5、12和24周以上均有显著缩小。其中第12周随访病例肿瘤平均径缩小最显著。肿瘤周边水肿带在开颅手术的病人比较宽,而在立体定向手术病人无明显加重表现。结论低剂量5-FU瘤内缓释体植入术治疗脑胶质瘤安全有效,无明显不良反应。     

正常人汉语句子事件相关电位N400的研究

目的研究汉语句子结尾词匹配与不匹配事件相关电位N400的变化,探讨正常人汉语句子N400的特征。方法对15名21~36岁右利手健康受试者,进行汉语正常句子结尾匹配词(匹配)与句子结尾歧义词(不匹配)N400的研究。结果受试者对句子结尾词匹配与不匹配的N400成分在潜伏期及波幅有显著性差异(P<0.05),句子不匹配结尾词的N400潜伏期较长,N400波幅高。N400广泛分布于脑部各区,左侧波幅偏高。结论汉语句子结尾字匹配与不匹配的N400与字词认知中的语义密切相关,可作为一个有临床价值的认知电位而用于临床多种伴有语言障碍疾病的评估。     

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for difficulty in withdrawal of double J ureteral stents due to ureteral lithiasis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to coping with lithiasis-induced difficulty in withdrawing double J ureteral stents. METHODS: This study includes 6 patients with difficulty in withdrawing the stents due to lithiasis, who were in the anterior prone position or posterior oblique supine position to receive ESWL treatment. The stones were localized by double-band intersection X-ray system. The treatment voltage of shock wave was 11.2 kV initially, which was gradually increased to 18.1 kV, and the shock wave attack amounted to 1,000 to 3,000 times in total. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After ESWL treatment, the encrusted double J stents were successfully withdrawn in all the 6 cases, without causing any morbidity related to the use of ESWL. Among the various techniques available for removing encrusted double J stents, ESWL appears to be the most effective and the least invasive modality.     

青壮年新鲜股骨颈骨折的诊断和治疗

目的：探讨新鲜青壮年股骨颈骨折的诊断和治疗方法。方法：本组78例，平均34.4岁(20～48岁)。其中头下型24例，经颈型34例，基底型20例，均用3根折断加压螺纹钉固定。同时分别联合应用股方肌、缝匠肌肌骨瓣或带旋髂深血管的髂骨瓣。术后制动12周。平均随访3年4个月。结果：6例复位不良，其中5例出现骨折不愈合，共14例发生股骨头坏死。结论：新鲜股骨颈骨折的治疗原则应力求早期解剖复位，牢固固定。带肌蒂或血管蒂的髂骨瓣植入可以改善局部的血运，良好的骨折复位、早活动晚负重．有利于降低青壮年股骨颈骨折不愈合和股骨头缺血性坏死的发生率。骨折的严重程度直接影响预后．     

间期荧光原位杂交检测核心结合因子相关急性白血病的初步研究

目的应用间期荧光原位杂交技术(I-FISH)检测初诊急性白血病患者中核心结合因子(CBF)受累的染色体异常情况并对治疗后患者的微小残留病(MRD)进行监测,同时对I-FISH与常规染色体G显带的灵敏度进行比较。方法在骨髓形态学初筛的基础上,应用常规染色体G显带技术对15例急性髓系白血病(AML)进行核型分析,应用I-FISH对患者可能受累的CBF相关靶基因进行检测,其中7例患者治疗后进行了MRD监测。结果(1)正常对照组中,CYTOCELL公司提供的3种探针(AML1/ETO易位探针、MYH11基因断裂点双色探针和ETV6/AML1易位探针)的正常分界值分别为4.13%、1.95%和2.12%。(2)常规染色体G显带分析,15例患者中有6例伴有潜在累及CBF基因的染色体异常,其中8例AML-M2中5例伴t(8;21),2例AML-M4EO中1例伴inv(16),5例儿童B系急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)未检出相应的异常。I-FISH检测15例患者发现有12例累及CBF基因,其中8例AML-M2患者均为AML1/ETO融合基因(+),2例AML-M4EO病人CBFβ/MYH11融合基因均为(+),5例儿童B-ALL中2例ETV6/AML融合基因(+)。(3)3例AML-M2患者中2例MRD阳性;2例M4E0患者治疗后MRD监测结果均阴性;2例B-ALL患者1例阴性,1例阳性。结论I-FISH较常规染色体G显带技术能够更灵敏地检测出累及CBF的急性白血病,在初诊时联合应用这两种