新疆维吾尔族、汉族结直肠癌患者中KRAS及BRAF基因突变差异及其与预后的关系研究

目的探讨新疆维吾尔族(维族)、汉族结直肠癌伴肝转移患者中KRAS基因及BRAF基因突变差异及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法选择新疆医科大学第一附属医院2005年1月-2010年12月收治的100例新疆维、汉族结直肠癌伴肝转移患者,应用PCR及Pyrosequencing测序法检测分析KRAS基因及BRAF基因突变情况,分析其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果维、汉族结直肠癌伴肝转移患者的KRAS与BRAF基因突变率分别为28%(28/100)与5%(5/100)。50例汉族患者中KRAS基因突变18例,BRAF基因突变2例;50例维吾尔族患者中KRAS基因突变10例,BRAF基因突变3例。原发肿瘤组织学分级、区域淋巴结转移、脉管瘤栓、肝外侵犯或转移、KRAS和BRAF为结直肠癌的预后影响因素(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,脉管瘤栓(P=0.035)、KRAS基因(P=0.001)为结直肠癌的独立的预后因素。结论在新疆维、汉族结直肠癌伴肝转移患者中,脉管瘤栓及KRAS基因具有主要的预后价值。积极检测KRAS基因,可望延长患者生存期。     

哈萨克族与汉族大学生正视眼生物学测量的对比分析

目的：：观察哈萨克族与汉族大学生正视眼的角膜中央厚度、前房深度、角膜前后表面曲率的差异性,并分析角膜厚度与角膜前、后曲率的相关性。方法：对新疆医科大学一年级500多名学生进行近视眼筛查,选取正视眼的汉族学生55名和哈萨克族学生51名,应用Sirius角膜地形图对其进行测量。结果：哈萨克族与汉族大学生角膜中央厚度(哈：0.52±0.03mm,汉：0.54±0.03mm )、前房深度(哈：2.97±0.31mm,汉：3.14±0.25mm)有显著性差异(P<0.05)。角膜前、后表面曲率(K1,K2)无显著性差异(P>0.05)。汉族的角膜厚度与角膜前曲率相关分析r<0,与角膜后曲率相关分析r<0.1。哈萨克族的角膜厚度与角膜前曲率相关分析r<0,与角膜后曲率相关分析r<0.1。结论：哈萨克族与汉族大学生正视眼的生物学测量指标中,角膜厚度、前房深度是有差异的。两个民族的角膜厚度与角膜前、后曲率(K1,K2)无相关性。     

成人麻痹性斜视病因分析及手术治疗

目的：观察和探讨成人麻痹性斜视的类型和手术矫正效果。
　　方法：回顾性分析了我院2010－06／2013－06成人麻痹性斜视临床病例46例,将所有病例分为水平斜视组和垂直斜视组,其中水平斜视为主者26例,包括外直肌麻痹16例,内直肌麻痹10例;垂直斜视为主者20例,包括上斜肌麻痹7例,上直肌麻痹8例,下直肌麻痹2例,双上转肌麻痹3例。发病原因：先天性者9例,车祸等外伤所致19例,鼻部或颅脑手术史8例,原因不明者10例。手术方式包括直肌后徙术、直肌缩短术、直肌部分移位术或直肌联结术、下斜肌部分切除术、下斜肌后徙转位术等。采用SPSS10．0统计软件对两组的疗效进行卡方检验,同时对水平斜视组的两种术式改善麻痹眼运动情况进行t检验。
　　结果：末次随访时水平斜视组治愈、好转和无效者分别为20例（77％）,5例（19％）,1例（4％）;垂直斜视组分别为15例（75％）,3例（15％）和2例（10％）,两组间统计无显著性差异（P＞0．05）;麻痹眼的眼球运动得到改善。水平斜视中所用的两种术式,均能改善麻痹眼的眼球运动,分别为3．76±0．91,3．72±0．84mm,统计学上无显著性差异（P＝0．93）。
　　结论：成人麻痹性斜视病情复杂,根据不同麻痹肌及麻痹程度不同,采用不同的手术方式,术后可获得眼位的美容正位,改善代偿头位和主要注视野的复视。     

维吾尔族大学生屈光状态与屈光要素的研究

目的:探索维吾尔族大学生不同屈光状态与屈光要素之间的关系.方法:选取新疆医科大学在校维吾尔族大学生共计475例950眼,进行眼科视力、裂隙灯及眼底镜等专科检查,排除有影响屈光状态眼部疾病的9眼,余941眼,使用IOL-Master进行眼轴长度、前房深度、角膜曲率测定,并进行统计学分析.结果:维吾尔族大学生941眼随着眼屈光状态的分布为-13.5 ～ +8.00D,眼轴长度由长变短,前房深度由深变浅,角膜平均曲率由陡变平.根据屈光状态不同共分为7组,各组间比较中眼轴长度有统计学差异(P＜0.05),前房深度与角膜平均曲率存在相近屈光状态间无统计学差异的情况(P＞0.05).等效球镜与眼轴长度、前房深度、角膜平均曲率的相关系数r分别为-0.834,-0.547,-0.208(P＜0.01).等效球镜(D)与眼轴长度(AL)、前房深度(ACD)与角膜平均曲率(K)的多元回归方程为D=83.229-2.150AL+2.171ACD-0.939K.结论:维吾尔族大学生屈光要素间的变化配合决定了眼的屈光状态,为研究维吾尔族屈光状态的发生发展提供依据.     

超声乳化联合曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射治疗白内障合并糖尿病黄斑水肿

目的：观察超声乳化联合曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射(IVTA)对白内障合并糖尿病黄斑水肿患者的临床疗效。

方法：将白内障合并糖尿病黄斑水肿患者44例52眼随机分为两组：对照组行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入手术; IVTA组在对照组手术的基础上,联合IVTA治疗。所有患眼均接受裂隙灯显微镜、光相干断层(OCT)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)及间接检眼镜检查。比较各组治疗前后平均最小分辨角对数(LogMAR BCVA)及黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)变化。并对手术治疗6mo后平均LogMAR BCVA和各因素进行相关性分析。采用多因素线性回归分析法分析术后6mo视力恢复的影响因素。

结果：各组治疗1、3、6mo后LogMAR BCVA均明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(F= 3.351、4.588,P= 0.022、0.005),但两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。手术后1、3mo后,IVTA组CMT显著低于对照组(t=3.402、2.083,P=0.001、0.042),手术后6mo时无明显差别。手术后6mo平均LogMAR BCVA与ELM(中心凹外界膜)状态负相关(r=-0.611,P=0.006)。多因素线性回归分析结果显示,手术后6mo视力恢复与中心凹外界膜ELM状态(B=0.333,P=0.030)和糖尿病病程(B=-0.307,P=0.005)具有相关性。

结论：超声乳化手术联合IVTA治疗白内障合并糖尿病黄斑水肿,可在短期内减轻黄斑水肿,改善视力。IVTA对改善黄斑水肿的作用更为明显。     

屈光参差性弱视患儿综合治疗效果的相关因素研究

目的：探究影响屈光参差性患儿综合治疗效果的相关因素,为临床干预提供理论依据。

方法：选取我院2013-10/2014-10间收治的100例屈光参差性弱视患儿,经过6～18mo的治疗后根据治疗效果分为A、B、C三组,A组54例,治疗效果判定为治愈; B组34例,治疗效果判定为进步; C组12例,治疗效果判定为无效。对其年龄、依从性、屈光参差程度、屈光参差类型、弱视程度、注视性质进行分析。

结果：三组患者之间屈光参差类型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而三组患者之间年龄、治疗依从性、屈光参差程度、弱视程度、注视性质相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过回归方程分析各因素对综合治疗效果影响程度依次为弱视程度、屈光参差程度、注视性质、年龄、依从性。

结论：屈光参差性患儿综合治疗效果与年龄、治疗的依从性、屈光参差程度、弱视程度、注视性质密切相关,而与患儿的屈光参差类型无明显的相关性。     

Repositive RT-PCR test in discharged COVID-19 patients during medical isolation observation

Objectives: The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been researched. However, the prevalence of repositivity by real-time PCR for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unclear.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 599 discharged patients with COVID-19 in a single medical centre. The clinical features of patients during their hospitalization and 14-day post-discharge quarantine were collected.Results: A total of 122 patients (20.4%) out of 599 patients retested positive after discharge. Specifically, 94 (15.7%) retested positive within 24 h of discharge, and another 28 patients (4.7%) were repositive on day 7 after discharge, although none showed any clinical symptomatic recurrence. Both repositives and non‑repositives have similar patterns of IgG and IgM. Notably, the length of hospitalization of non-repositive patients was longer than that of 24-h repositive patients and 7-day repositive patients. In addition, the length of hospitalization of 24-h repositive patients was shorter than that of 7-day repositive patients, indicating that the length of hospitalization was also a determinant of viral shedding.Conclusion: Our study provides further information for improving the management of recovered and discharged patients, and further studies should be performed to elucidate the infectiveness of individuals with prolonged or RNA repositivity.     

Zinc finger of the cerebellum 5 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression through enhanced CDK1/CDC25c signaling

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC), mostly caused by external or environmental factors, is the third most common and lethal cancer worldwide. Although a large number of investigations have been carried out to reveal the evolution of CRC, the underlying mechanisms of CRC remain unclear.Material and methodsExpression of zinc finger of the cerebellum 5 (ZIC5) in CRC tissues and cell models was measured by qRT-PCR and IHC. Cell transfection was carried out for ZIC5 overexpression or knockdown. The MTT assay was applied to examine the capacity of glioma cell proliferation. Wound healing assay and tumor invasion assay were used to test the capacity of glioma cell migration and invasion respectively. Cell cycle analysis and western blot were used to verify the apoptosis rates of CRC cells upon ZIC5 overexpression or downregulation. A further tumor Xenograft study was used to examine the effects of ZIC5 on tumor malignancy in vivo.ResultsCell models using HCT116 and SW620 cells were established to study the ZIC5 function upon ZIC5 overexpression of knockdown. Consistently, we discovered that ZIC5 also significantly increased in Chinese CRC patients. In addition, ZIC5 promoted CRC cell proliferation through increasing the proportion of cells maintained in the S phase. ZIC5 overexpression facilitated the capacity of CRC cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of ZIC5 mitigated such malignant effects.ConclusionsCollectively, investigations of the ZIC5 in CRC provided a new insight into CRC diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and next-step translational therapeutic developments from bench to clinic.     

Optimized strategy of rotational atherectomy of underexpanded coronary stents in patients with acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND: Stent under-expansion is a main cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which can lead to serious clinical outcomes. The rotational atherectomy of underexpanded coronary stents (academically called stent ablation, SA) by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) may provide more visual reference in the intervention. We aim to analyze the procedural and long-term outcomes of the optimized strategy of SA in patients with ACS and to provide real-world data on this technique.     

支气管镜介入治疗肺结核合并支气管结核老年患者的病灶吸收率和安全性

目的探讨支气管镜介入治疗肺结核合并支气管结核老年患者的病灶吸收率及安全性。方法选取2018年1月-2020年1月该院肺结核合并支气管结核的老年患者60例,按照不同治疗方式分为抗结核化疗药物联合支气管镜介入治疗组(ZQ组,n=32)和抗结核化疗药物治疗组(HL组,n=28),观察两组患者抗酸杆菌转阴率、肺部病变吸收好转情况、临床症状改善、药物不良反应发生情况和临床疗效。结果 ZQ组治疗后镜下抗酸杆菌转阴率(93.75%)高于HL组(71.43%),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.36,P=0.021);ZQ组体内共有24个空洞,HL组有22个空洞,治疗后ZQ组的空洞闭合率为45.83%、空洞缩小率为33.33%,均高于HL组,HL组空洞增大率为13.64%,高于ZQ组(4.17%),ZQ组总有效率(79.17%)高于HL组(45.45%),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.59,P=0.018);ZQ组治疗后病灶显著吸收率和吸收率均高于HL组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.37,P=0.040);ZQ组肉芽增殖治疗有效率为100.00%,HL组为75.00%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.54,P=0.039);HL组和ZQ组的不良反应发生率分别为18.75%和17.86%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论采用支气管镜介入治疗肺结核合并支气管结核老年患者,能够明显提高患者抗酸杆菌转阴率和病灶吸收率,并有效改善病灶周围阻塞情况和支气管病变情况,达到较理想的临床疗效。