非新生儿破伤风诊疗规范

破伤风分为新生儿破伤风和非新生儿破伤风。我国已于2012年消除了新生儿破伤风,但非新生儿破伤风仍是一个严重的公共卫生问题。非新生儿破伤风重症患者在无医疗干预的情况下,病死率接近100%,即使经过积极的综合治疗,全球范围病死率仍为30%~50%,是一种极为严重的潜在致命性疾病。为规范我国非新生儿破伤风诊疗行为,提高医疗质量,保障医疗安全,特制定本规范。本规范包括了非新生儿破伤风的病原学、流行病学、发病机制、临床表现及实验室检查、诊断、鉴别诊断、分级、治疗等方面内容。     

外伤后破伤风疫苗和被动免疫制剂使用指南

外伤后破伤风是非新生儿破伤风的主要类型。为指导基层医疗机构做好外伤后破伤风的预防控制工作,尤其是外伤后的预防处置,降低破伤风发病率及病死率,中国疾病预防控制中心国家免疫规划技术工作组参考《2017年世界卫生组织破伤风立场文件》,以及国内外最新研究进展,制定了本指南。本指南主要介绍了外伤后破伤风预防处置的基本流程,破伤风疫苗和被动免疫制剂的使用方法及潜在外伤高危人群的暴露前免疫。     

非新生儿破伤风诊疗规范

中国已于2012年消除了新生儿破伤风,但非新生儿破伤风仍是一个严重的公共卫生问题。非新生儿破伤风重症患者在无医疗干预的情况下,病死率接近100%,即使经过积极的综合治疗,全球范围病死率仍为30%-50%,是一种极为严重的潜在致命性疾病。为规范中国非新生儿破伤风诊疗行为,提高医疗质量,保障医疗安全,特制定本规范。本规范包括非新生儿破伤风的病原学、流行病学、发病机制、临床表现、实验室检查、诊断、鉴别诊断、分级、治疗等内容。     

The evaluation of late sequelae of tetanus infection

Tetanus is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Fifty two patients with tetanus were admitted within a 15 year period to our hospital, and 24 of them died. The remaining cases were called for re-evaluation 3–13 years after the infection. Only 10 cases were admitted again, and 6 of them recovered from neonatal tetanus. Their neurological examinations were unremarkable with 5 of them having mild mental retardation. Their EEG’s were normal except for one case who had epileptic focus. Their visual and brainstem evoked potentials (VEP, BAEP) were measured and they were in normal ranges. Their results were compared with the results of a control group which consisted of 9 healthy children of matched age and sex.