糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿氧化应激状况及影响因素分析

Objective To investigate the oxidative stress state in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),and analyze whether any observed abnormalities were related to metabolic disturbances.Methods Four groups of subjects were studied,comprising with 22 patients with DKA(group 1),18 diabetic children with medium metabolic control,whose glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc) below 9%(group 2),22 children with poorly controlled diabetes,whose Hbal c above 9%(group 3),and 36 healthy control children(group 4).Malondialdehyde(MDA),nitrate oxidase(NO),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and metabolic parameters such as fasting blood glucose,HbAlc,blood gas analysis,serum ion,renal function of the subjects were measured.Results Mean serum MDA value was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2(P ＜0.01) and group 4(P ＜0.01),but was not different from that in group 3 (P ＞0.05).Serum levels of NO were significantly higher in group 1,2 and 3 compared with group 4(P＜0.01).Serum levels of GSH-Px were significantly lower in group 1,2 and 3 than in group 4(P＜0.01).There were no significant differences of serum SOD value among the four groups(P＞0.05).Both serum MDA and NO values in the diabetic patients(groups 1 +2 +3) were positively related to HbAlc(r=0.375,P ＜0.01;r=0.250,P ＜0.05),and serum SOD values in the DKA patients were negatively related to HbAlc(r= -0.507,P＜0.05),there were not any significant relationship between the other oxidative markers and metabolic parameters.Conclusion There is an increase of oxidative stress and decrease of antioxygenic ability in DKA children,and these changes tend to correlate more with markers of diabetic imbalance than with parameters of acute metabolic disturbances of DKA.     

糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿氧化应激状况及影响因素分析

Objective To investigate the oxidative stress state in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),and analyze whether any observed abnormalities were related to metabolic disturbances.Methods Four groups of subjects were studied,comprising with 22 patients with DKA(group 1),18 diabetic children with medium metabolic control,whose glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc) below 9%(group 2),22 children with poorly controlled diabetes,whose Hbal c above 9%(group 3),and 36 healthy control children(group 4).Malondialdehyde(MDA),nitrate oxidase(NO),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and metabolic parameters such as fasting blood glucose,HbAlc,blood gas analysis,serum ion,renal function of the subjects were measured.Results Mean serum MDA value was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2(P ＜0.01) and group 4(P ＜0.01),but was not different from that in group 3 (P ＞0.05).Serum levels of NO were significantly higher in group 1,2 and 3 compared with group 4(P＜0.01).Serum levels of GSH-Px were significantly lower in group 1,2 and 3 than in group 4(P＜0.01).There were no significant differences of serum SOD value among the four groups(P＞0.05).Both serum MDA and NO values in the diabetic patients(groups 1 +2 +3) were positively related to HbAlc(r=0.375,P ＜0.01;r=0.250,P ＜0.05),and serum SOD values in the DKA patients were negatively related to HbAlc(r= -0.507,P＜0.05),there were not any significant relationship between the other oxidative markers and metabolic parameters.Conclusion There is an increase of oxidative stress and decrease of antioxygenic ability in DKA children,and these changes tend to correlate more with markers of diabetic imbalance than with parameters of acute metabolic disturbances of DKA.     

糖尿病足患者给予预防性护理干预的效果探讨

目的探讨糖尿病足患者给予预防性护理干预的效果.方法将2010年1月~2011年2月收治的58例糖尿病患者随机分为两组.对照组给予常规临床护理,试验组患者给予预防性护理,比较半年后患者的知识了解情况和患者遵医行为.结果试验组患者经过预防性护理后,其足部溃疡发生少,患者对疾病知识了解更好,其自护行为得分更高,与对照组比较有显著差异,P<0.05.结论对糖尿病足患者给予预防性护理干预能够取得较好的效果,提高患者自我能力,减少糖尿病足的发生发展     

标准化操作流程对提高早产儿桡动脉穿刺采血成功率的效果观察

[目的]探讨早产儿桡动脉穿刺采血标准化操作流程对提高采血成功率的效果.[方法]早产儿72例(常规组)桡动脉采血按照常规的方法,77例(改良组)桡动脉采血按照通过品管圈质量管理活动改善后的标准化操作流程.[结果]应用早产儿桡动脉穿刺采血标准化操作流程后桡动脉一次穿刺成功率明显高于活动前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]应用桡动脉穿刺采血标准化操作流程能提高早产儿桡动脉穿刺采血成功率,值得临床推广应用.     

英语词汇情境教学模式研究

小学英语词汇课堂教学中开展情境教学,可以提升学生思考能力,为学生的各项发展提供了各种可能性,促进学生多方面的发展。教师要将生活与教学相结合,让教学重点、难点贯穿于教学情境的教学中。     

蛛网膜下腔应用舒芬太尼对宫外孕腹腔镜手术患者呼吸功能的影响

目的:观察蛛网膜下腔应用舒芬太尼对腹腔镜手术患者呼吸功能的影响,以了解舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔注射在腹腔镜手术患者中应用的安全性。方法:选择择期行腹腔镜手术治疗的宫外孕患者45例,分为B组、S组、G组3组,每组15例。3组患者均在L2～3处穿刺行布比卡因15mg腰麻,B组为对照组,S组患者腰麻液中加舒芬太尼5μg,G组患者腰麻15min后行气管插管全麻。若术中血压高于麻醉诱导前的20%或心率快于100次/min、患者自诉不适及体动时静脉追加丙泊酚。记录基础,腰麻后10min,气腹后0、10、20、30min,放气时,术毕各时点的潮气量(VT)、呼吸频率(RR)、分钟通气量(VE)、顺应性(C)。记录基础,气腹前、后10、20、30min,放气后10min时点的呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)和动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)。结果:3组患者腰麻后VT略有下降,气腹后上升;B、S组患者RR在气腹后加快;G组患者在气腹后顺应性下降30%～40%;3组患者PaCO2、PETCO2在气腹后上升,至气腹后30min达高峰,放气后下降;3组患者PETCO2放气后10min仍高于基础值(P<0.05);S组PETCO2在放气后10min比B组低(P<0.05)。结论:舒芬太尼5μg蛛网膜下腔注射对腹腔镜手术患者的呼吸功能影响不大。     

黄芪建中汤对脾胃虚寒证胃溃疡大鼠的影响

目的探讨黄芪建中汤对脾胃虚寒证胃溃疡大鼠的影响。方法将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、埃索美拉唑组(4.17 mg/kg)及黄芪建中汤低、高剂量组(9.27、18.54 g/kg)。采用番泻叶(10 m L/kg)联合游泳力竭法建立脾胃虚寒证候模型,无水乙醇(10 m L/kg)联合阿司匹林肠溶片(200 mg/kg)建立胃溃疡模型。观察并记录大鼠的整体状态、体质量、进食量、饮水量和肛温,肉眼及HE染色观察胃黏膜组织形态学损伤,测量胃液总酸度和胃蛋白酶活性,ELISA法检测大鼠血清IL-4、IL-10、NO和TNF-α水平,qRT-PCR和免疫组化法分别检测TLR-2、MyD88 mRNA及蛋白表达。结果与模型组比较,黄芪建中汤组大鼠体质量、进食量、饮水量和肛温均上升(P<0.05,P<0.01),溃疡指数下降(P<0.01),胃酸总酸度和胃蛋白酶活性均降低(P<0.01),血清TNF-α水平下降(P<0.05、P<0.01),IL-4、IL-10和NO水平上升(P<0.05、P<0.01),胃组织中TLR-2、MyD88 mRNA及蛋白表达下调(P<0.01)。结论黄芪建中汤对脾胃虚寒型胃溃疡大鼠有显著的疗效,其作用机制可能通过调节TLR-2/MyD88信号通路,影响炎性因子表达,下调黏膜攻击因子水平,从而加速胃黏膜溃疡修复。     

五轴联动国产数控系统在航空加工中的应用与验证

检测结果表明S试件加工精度合格,证明采用国产高档数控系统替代原SIEMENS-840D系统后的大型双龙门五轴联动铣床的功能和性能均已满足复杂结构件加工要求。该例数控系统国产化替代的成功实施,标志着国产五轴联动数控系统在航空复杂、精密结构件加工中的首试应用成功,实现了国产五轴联动高档数控系统在航空领域生产应用中"零"的突破。     

CD62p、vWF和脂联素水平与糖尿病肾病的关系

目的观察血小板膜糖蛋白(CD62p)、血浆von Willebrand因子(vWF)和脂联素(APN)在糖尿病肾病(DN)各期的水平,探讨其在DN发生、发展中的作用。方法采用Coulter EPICL-XL型流式细胞仪测定CD62p,应用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清APN和血浆vWF,应用放射免疫法测定尿清蛋白。结果未并发肾病(Ⅰ)组、并发肾病微量蛋白尿(Ⅱ)组、并发肾病临床蛋白尿(Ⅲ)组vWF水平高于健康对照(NC)组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);虽然Ⅰ组CD62P与NC组差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但当发展为微量蛋白尿和临床蛋白尿时与Ⅰ组及NC组差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);Ⅲ组APN水平高于Ⅱ组和Ⅰ组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),但低于NC组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);血清APN与CD62p、vWF、尿清蛋白排泄率(UAER)均呈正相关;多元逐步回归分析显示,CD62P、vWF、UAER是影响糖尿病患者APN的独立危险因素。结论血管内皮细胞损伤,血小板活化随着DN的进展呈进行性加重趋势,血清APN升高可能参与了DN患者的内皮功能损害机制。