当归补血汤对荷瘤小鼠的影响及对环磷酰胺化疗的增效减毒作用

目的：研究当归补血汤对肿瘤的抑制作用及其与免疫功能的关系，并探讨其对环磷酰胺（cytoxan，CTX）化疗的增效减毒作用。方法：以荷EL-4瘤株C57BL／6纯系小鼠作为病理模型，皮下肿瘤接种（1×10^6个肿瘤细胞），7d时随机分为4组，肿瘤模型组，当归补血汤（DangguiBuxueTang，DBT）组Ee4g／（kg·d）]，CTX组E7．5mg／（kg·d）]，DBT＋CTX组，另设正常对照组。每天游标卡尺测定肿瘤长短径，并观察荷瘤小鼠生存时间，以检测DBT的抑瘤作用；免疫学方法（迟发型超敏反应、空斑形成细胞、细胞毒T细胞及自然杀伤细胞的杀伤活性，TNF—α活性及外周血、骨髓有核细胞计数等）检测DBT的抑瘤作用与机体免疫功能的关系及其对CTX化疗的增效减毒作用。结果：接受相应处理15d后，与肿瘤模型组比较，DBT、CTX和DBT＋CTX均可显著减缓小鼠肿瘤生长速度（P〈0．05），明显延长荷瘤小鼠生存时间（P〈0．05）。与肿瘤模型组比较，DBT组和DBT＋CTX组各项免疫学指标增强（P〈0．05），CTX组各项免疫学指标明显降低（P〈0．05）。与CTX组比较，DBT＋CTX组各项免疫学指标均有大幅度改善（P〈0．05）。结论：DBT可减缓肿瘤生长速度，延长荷瘤小鼠生存时间，其抑瘤作用可能与其激活机体免疫功能作用有关，并对CTX化疗有增效减毒作用。     

当归补血汤对化疗药物5-Fu增效减毒的实验研究

目的探讨当归补血汤对化疗药物5-氧尿嘧啶(5-Fu)抗小鼠H22肝癌的增效减毒作用。方法无菌条件下抽取9 d生长良好的腹水为瘤源,按1∶3比例用生理盐水稀释,每鼠0.2 mL于右侧腋窝下皮下接种,24 h后随机分成荷瘤对照组、单纯化疗组、阳性对照组及当归补血汤高、低剂量组。给药10 d,进行抑瘤率计算,外周血常规、骨髓有核细胞计数、脾脏和胸腺重量、小肠丙二醛(MDA)、脾脏一氧化氮(NO)等的检测。结果当归补血汤可提高5-Fu对小鼠肝癌H22的抑瘤率(P<0.01),对抗化疗药物所致脾脏、胸腺萎缩,白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)和骨髓有核细胞减少,降低化疗后H22小鼠脾脏NO和小肠MDA的含量(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论当归补血汤对化疗药物5-Fu抗小鼠H22肝癌具有增效减毒的作用。     

平异灵合剂抑制小鼠S180肉瘤生长及环磷酰胺化疗后减毒作用研究

目的研究平异灵合剂对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑制作用及环磷酰胺（CTX）化疗后的减毒作用。方法制备S180荷瘤小鼠动物模型。分阴性对照组、阳性对照组、给服平异灵合剂低、中、高剂量组,通过测定瘤重、抑瘤率,观察平异灵合剂对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用;分阴性对照组、CTX模型组、平异灵合剂低、中、高剂量组,通过测定荷瘤小鼠用药前后体重的变化,外周血象中白细胞（WBC）、红细胞（RBC）的变化,骨髓有核细胞数的变化,观察平异灵合剂对荷瘤小鼠化疗后的减毒作用。结果高剂量平异灵合剂能明显减少S180荷瘤小鼠的瘤重（P〈0．05）,低、中剂量组也能减少瘤重,但疗效不明显。予以环磷酰胺化疗后的荷瘤小鼠体重、外周血象中WBC、RBC、骨髓有核细胞数均明显下降,加用平异灵合剂口服后,高剂量组体重下降明显减少（P〈0．01）,外周血象中WBC、RBC下降明显减少（P〈0．05）,中、高剂量组骨髓有核细胞数下降明显减少（P〈0．01）。结论平异灵合剂能明显抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长及减轻环磷酰胺化疗后的毒副作用。     

珠子参对S180荷瘤小鼠化疗的减毒作用

目的：观察珠子参对S180荷瘤小鼠氟尿嘧啶（5-fluorouracil，5-FU）化疗的减毒作用。方法：30只昆明种小鼠右腋皮下注射肉瘤S180腹水瘤细胞建立荷瘤模型，随机分设模型组、5-FU组和5-FU＋珠子参组。观察荷瘤小鼠治疗前后的一般情况；计数外周血中白细胞（whitebloodcell，WBC）、计算网织红细胞比值；记录小鼠生存时间。结果：5-FU＋珠子参组S180荷瘤小鼠外周血WBC及网织红细胞下降程度低于5FU组（P〈0．01）。5-FU＋珠子参组$180荷瘤小鼠平均存活时间为32．5d，5-FU组平均存活时间为23．5d，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：珠子参可减轻5-FU化疗后的骨髓抑制，并可延长荷瘤化疗小鼠生存时间。     

当归补血汤对乳腺癌术后化疗患者增效减毒作用的临床观察

目的观察当归补血汤对乳腺癌术后化疗患者化疗毒性、免疫功能和生活质量的的影响。方法将乳腺癌术后患者随机分为对照组和治疗组，治疗组在化疗同时予以当归补血汤口服，对照组单纯化疗。两组均在化疗前后进行Ks评分、血象和T淋巴细胞亚群的比较。结果与对照组相比，治疗组在KS评分、骨髓抑制等方面均优于对照组（P〈0．05）；治疗组的CD8明显下降（P〈0．01），CD4／CD8比值明显上升（P〈0．01）。结论当归补血汤可通过改善乳腺癌术后化疗患者的生活质量，提高免疫功能和减轻化疗的毒副反应起到增效减毒作用。     

当归补血口服液对S180荷瘤小鼠X射线治疗的增效作用

目的探讨当归补血口服液对S180荷瘤小鼠x射线治疗的增效作用。方法以昆明种小鼠S180肉瘤模型，当归补血口服液灌胃，经X射线照射治疗，观察各组小鼠存活时间、肿瘤大小及白细胞计数变化。结果加昧当归补血汤各剂量组与单纯放疗组相比，存活时间延长，高剂量联合放疗组抑瘤率达47．22％，白细胞计数优于单纯放疗组（P〈0．05）。结论当归补血口服液对X线照射治疗肿瘤具有明显的增效作用。     

趋化因子受体CCR3、CCR5和CXCR3与自然流产的相关性

目的探讨外周血、脾脏、胸腺趋化因子受体CCR3、CCR5、CXCR3与自然流产的关系。方法用双标记流式细胞分析技术检测自然流产模型组小鼠（CBA／J&#215;DBA／2，n=14）、正常妊娠模型组小鼠（CBA／J&#215;BALB／c，n=13）和正常非孕组小鼠（CBA／J，n=11）外周血、脾脏以及胸腺中CD4^＋T细胞CCR3、CCR5和CXCR3这三类趋化因子受体的表达。结果自然流产模型组外周血CD4^＋T细胞CCR3的表达率低于正常妊娠模型组（P〈0．01），CCR5和CXCR3高于正常妊娠模型组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）；但三个指标与正常非孕组相比，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。自然流产模型组脾脏CD4^＋T细胞CCR3的表达率低于正常妊娠模型组（P〈0．01），高于正常非孕组（P〈0．05）；而CCR5和CXCR3高于正常妊娠模型组（P〈0．05），但与正常非孕组相比，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。自然流产模型组胸腺CD4^＋T细胞CCR3的表达率低于正常妊娠模型组（P〈0．05），高于正常非孕组（P〈0．01）；而CXCR3的表达率高于正常妊娠模型组（P〈0．05），但与正常非孕组相比，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；CCR5与其他两组相比，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论CD4^＋T细胞上CCR3、CCR5和CXCR3的表达异常可能在自然流产的发病中起作用。     

佛甲草对S180荷瘤小鼠氧化应激和肿瘤免疫的影响

目的：探讨佛甲草（SLT）提取物对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤生长、外周血白细胞分类、血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH‐Px）的活性及丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）水平的影响。方法采用小鼠右前肢腋部皮下接种S180细胞建立移植瘤模型,观察SLT提取物4、8g／kg体质量连续给药14d。观察小鼠体质量变化,计算肿瘤、胸腺及脾脏指数,检测小鼠外周血中白细胞分类,测定小鼠血清SOD、GSH‐Px的活性及MDA、NO的水平。结果经SLT治疗后,S180荷瘤小鼠体质量明显高于环磷酰胺（CTX）组,肿瘤指数明显低于模型组和CTX组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,且能有效的调节荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数及脾脏指数;外周血中性粒细胞数／白细胞总数（GR％）和单核细胞／白细胞总数（MO％）明显低于模型组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,而淋巴细胞／白细胞总数（LY％）明显高于模型组（P＜0．05）,血清SOD、GSH‐Px活性明显高于模型组（P＜0．05）,血清MDA水平明显低于模型组和CTX组（P＜0．05）,血清中NO水平明显高于模型组和CTX组（P＜0．05）。结论     

肿节风总黄酮对环磷酰胺抗小鼠肉瘤S180的增效减毒作用

目的：观察肿节风总黄酮对环磷酰胺（CTX）抗小鼠肉瘤S180的增效及减毒作用。方法：建立小鼠肉瘤S180动物模型,按体重随机分组,分别完成增效及减毒实验,增效实验观察肿节风总黄酮对CTX抑瘤率和体重的影响;减毒实验观察肿节风总黄酮对使用CTX时的瘤重、外周血象、胸腺和脾脏指数的影响。结果：肿节风总黄酮对小剂量CTX有显著增效作用;对使用大剂量CTX时的外周血象、胸腺和脾脏指数有显著的影响（P〈0．05）。结论：肿节风总黄酮对小剂量的化疗药CTX有增效作用和对大剂量CTX有减毒作用。     

参芪益髓颗粒对抗环磷酰胺导致模型小鼠骨髓抑制作用研究

目的：观察参芪益髓颗粒对环磷酰胺（CTX）造模小鼠血象及骨髓象的影响。方法：通过腹腔注射环磷酰胺造模,观察本品对小鼠WBC、RBC、PLT、Hgb及骨髓增生情况的影响。结果：经参芪益髓颗粒大剂量治疗后,对WBC、PLT有明显的提升作用,与模型组比较,具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;参芪益髓颗粒中剂量对RBC有提升作用,与模型组比较,具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。参芪益髓颗粒大剂量具有对抗CTX导致小鼠骨髓抑制效果,与模型组比较,具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;参芪益髓颗粒大剂量能够明显升高胸腺、脾脏指数,与模型组比较,具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;参芪益髓颗粒中剂量对胸腺指数有提升作用,与模型组比较,具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：参芪益髓颗粒对CTX导致的骨髓抑制及其外周血细胞减少有一定的对抗作用,并能够提高免疫器官指数。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…