磺酰氨基硫脲及磺酰氨基氰胍类化合物的合成及降血糖活性

目的：研究具有磺酰氨基硫脲和磺酰氨基氰胍结构化合物的合成和降血糖活性。方法：在格列苯脲的结构基础上，合成3位取代的1-[4-（4-甲基苯甲酰氨基）乙基]苯磺酰氨基硫脲类化合物（Ⅰ1-6）和3位取代的1-[4-（4-甲基苯甲酰氨基）乙基]笨磺酰氨基氰胍类化合物（Ⅱ1-5），并对所合成的化合物进行四氧嘧啶诱导的高血糖小鼠降血糖活性实验。结果：合成的化合物结构经IR、^1H NMR、MS和元素分析等确定；降血糖活性实验结果表明，在所有目标化合物中，多数化舍物具有不同程度的降血糖活性，其中化合物Ⅰ6和Ⅱ1的降糖活性较好。结论：结构中的磺酰脲改为磺酰氨基硫脲和磺酰氨基氰胍，部分化合物的降糖活性保留，而且3位用长的脂肪链取代时显示更好的生物活性，     

新结构嘧啶类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性筛选

摘要：目的合成具有抗肿瘤活性的新型CDKs抑制剂,并评价其抗肿瘤活性。方法根据生物活性叠加原理,将1-（甲磺酰
基）哌啶-4-氨和嘧啶杂环片段合理组合,设计合成了5个结构新颖的N4-取代苯胺基-N2-(1-甲磺酰基哌啶-4-氨基)-5-硝基
嘧啶类化合物3a~3e。结果目标化合物的结构经质谱和核磁共振氢谱等表征确认。采用MTT法测试了目标化合物抑制
肿瘤细胞增殖活性。测试结果表明,部分化合物对MCF-7 (人乳腺癌细胞)肿瘤细胞有弱的细胞毒性,而对HepG2 (人肝
癌细胞)没有抑制活性,表现出一定的选择性。结论化合物3b 对MCF-7 (人乳腺癌细胞)肿瘤细胞有较强的抑制活性
(IC50=13.6 μmol·L-1)。初步的构效关系研究表明化合物的立体结构可能对其抗肿瘤活性影响较大。     

取代水杨醛缩苯磺酰腙化合物的合成和清除羟自由基能力研究

目的:合成取代水杨醛缩苯磺酰腙化合物,并对其清除羟自由基(.OH)能力进行研究。方法:以苯磺酰肼和取代水杨醛为原料合成3种取代水杨醛缩苯磺酰腙;用邻二氮菲-Fe2+氧化法检测其对.OH的清除作用。结果:目标化合物能有效清除.OH,但活性弱于维生素C并有明显差异。结论:取代水杨醛缩苯磺酰腙类化合物具有一定的清除.OH的能力,水杨醛苯环上引入卤基有助于增强活性。     

新型异黄酮类化合物的设计合成及抗肿瘤活性

目的 在苯并吡喃酮和其3位取代苯基、酯基和羟甲基之间插入双键或三键结构,或将异黄酮类化合物的3’-或4’-氨基与去甲斑蝥素形成酰胺结构,以发现抗肿瘤活性更强的异黄酮类化合物。 方法 以丹皮酚和甲酸乙酯为原料,经多步反应制得关键中间体3-碘-7-甲氧基苯并吡喃酮(5),再经Heck coupling反应和Sonogashira coupling反应分别制得3位有双键和三键取代基的目标化合物;经Suzuki coupling反应制得3’-或4’-氨基化合物,并与去甲斑蝥素反应制得酰胺目标化合物;通过1HNMR、MS和IR方法确定目标化合物的结构。选择人结肠癌细胞株HCT116和人肝癌细胞株SMMC 7721为实验瘤株,以姜黄素和大豆异黄酮为阳性对照测定体外抗肿瘤活性。 结果 设计合成的17个目标化合物均有一定的体外抗肿瘤活性,其中化合物7b和7e的活性较好,与对照品姜黄素的IC50值相当, 明显优于对照品大豆异黄酮的IC50值。 结论 在苯并吡喃酮和其3位取代苯基、酯基和羟甲基之间插入双键或三键不会降低目标化合物的抗肿瘤活性,可能会提高其抗肿瘤活性;但将异黄酮类化合物的3’-或4’-氨基与去甲斑蝥素形成酰胺似乎对提高其抗肿瘤活性没有多大帮助。     

Raf激酶抑制剂的设计、合成及抗肿瘤活性

目的:设计并合成新型Raf激酶抑制剂并测试其在体外的抗肿瘤活性.方法:根据Raf激酶抑制剂的构效关系和药效团研究成果,设计了一系列双芳基脲类化合物(N-1～N-12);采用MTT法对目标化合物进行4个瘤株(SMMC-7721、A549、BGC-823和HL-60)的体外抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的活性测定;通过FRET法测试对Raf激酶的抑制活性.结果与结论:合成了12个Raf激酶抑制剂.其结构均经IR、1>H NMR和MS确证.目标化合物对所测的4种肿瘤细胞均有一定程度的增殖抑制作用;11个目标化合物对Raf激酶有一定程度的抑制作用,其中2个化合物的活性与索拉非尼相当.     

埃罗替尼衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

目的:设计和合成出新的喹唑啉类化合物并研究其抗肿瘤活性.方法:3,4一二甲氧基苯甲酸乙酯经过醚化,再依次经过硝化、还原、环舍得到4一氯.[6,7-二(2.甲氧基乙氧基)]-3H-喹唑啉-4-酮,最后氯代、与间氨基苯乙炔缩合、水解制得抗肿瘤药埃罗替尼,或者与氨基衍生物炔缩合、水解生成目标化合物.按MTY方法测定了目标化合物抗肿瘤活性.结果和结论:合成了8个埃罗替尼衍生物(8a-8h),其结构经核磁、质谱和红外光谱等数据确证.初步的抗肿瘤活性研究表明:在对人肺癌细胞A549的体外生长抑制作用上,所合成化合物对人肺癌细胞A549均具有一定程度的抑制作用,其中,化合物8a、8c和8h活性与吉非替尼和埃罗替尼相当.     

新型金雀异黄素衍生物5-羟基-4'-硝基-7-取代酰氧基异黄酮的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的:对金雀异黄素进行结构改造,设计合成7-取代酰氧基-5-羟基-4'-硝基金雀异黄素衍生物,并进行抗肿瘤活性测试.方法:以氯苄为起始原料,经取代、硝化、Friedel-Crafts反应和环合,再与各种酰氯反应得到8个目标化合物.结果:合成的目标化合物经元素分析和1HNMR确证其结构;其中化合物5B(5-羟基-4'-硝-7-丙酰氧基异黄酮)体内外对人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-435均具有较强的抑制活性,IC50为0.017 mmol/L.结论: 金雀异黄素的4'引入硝基,同时7位丙酰化产物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性.     

吡啶磺酰脲类化合物的合成及其利尿和降压活性

目的：寻找新的利尿和降压药。方法：以托拉沙得(Torasemide)为先导物，保留分子中仲氨基和吡啶磺酰脲基两个药效团，利用拼合原理，用取代苯乙胺基或取代苯氧烷氨基替换间甲苯基或异丙氨基。结果：共合成了两类14个新的吡啶磺酰脲类化合物，结构经元素分析和光谱数据确证，经初步药理实验表明，化合物Ⅱ2和Ⅱ3有一定的利尿活性，Ⅱ1和I4有一定的降压活性。     

2-羟基查耳酮类衍生物的合成与抗肿瘤活性筛选

目的：设计2-羟基查耳酮类衍生物的合成路线,并对其进行体外抗肿瘤活性实验。方法：以2,4-二羟基苯乙酮为原料,经过4步反应得到13个5-哌啶基甲基-4-乙氧基-2-羟基-查耳酮类化合物。用MTT法检测13个目标化合物对对数生长期的人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901、人结肠癌细胞株SW-480,人白血病细胞株L1210、人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7等4种癌细胞株增殖的抑制作用,以研究目标化合物体外抗肿瘤活性。结果 合成了13个化合物,结构均经过H-NMR确证。体外抗肿瘤活性筛选表明,这一类化合物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性。结论 该合成路线反应温和、操作简便、对环境友好,目标化合物有较强抗肿瘤活性,可进行深入研究。     

吲哚草酰类鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

目的：获得高活性且具有抗多药耐药活性的抗肿瘤新化合物。方法：5-甲氧基吲哚与氯代物或酰氯反应得到一位氮取代的5-甲氧基吲哚。将其与草酰氯反应,再以4β-氨基-4’-去甲表鬼臼毒素为原料,经缩合反应得到目标化合物。体外活性采用Hela细胞筛选模型进行评价。结果：通过草酰桥成功将吲哚和去甲表鬼臼毒素拼接,并对吲哚一位进行改造,合成了8个新化合物。结论：合成的8个化合物中部分具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,其中化合物7a、7b的活性优于阳性对照依托伯苷。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…