绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者骨密度改变及影响因素的初探

目的　探讨绝经后女性 2型DM患者骨密度改变及其影响因素。方法　应用DEXA测定了 82例绝经后女性2型DM患者和 46例对照组L2～ 4 及股骨近端BMD ,根据BMD将 2型DM患者分为无骨质疏松症OP组 (DM A组 )和并发OP组 (DM B组 ) ,测定两组患者的FPG、FINS、FCP、HbA1c、UAER及尿 β2 MG。结果　女性 2型DM患者L2～ 4 、Neck、Ward’s区的BMD较健康对照组显著下降 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ;DM B组绝经年限、病程、HbA1c、UAER及尿 β2 MG与DM A组差异显著(P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 )。相关分析显示 :BMD与患者年龄 (r =-0 5 68)、病程 (r =-0 498)、HbA1 c (r =-0 5 2 7)、绝经年限(r=-0 846)、UAER(r=-0 786)、尿 β2 MG(r =-0 64 4)显著负相关 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　绝经后女性 2型DM患者中血糖控制不良及有肾脏损害时更易并发OP。     

2型糖尿病患者抑郁情绪对血糖控制的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者抑郁情绪对血糖控制的影响.方法 应用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估抑郁情况,276例T2DM患者分为SDS≥53分(A组)、SDS＜53分(B组).比较两组糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FPG)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)等,分析T2DM患者血糖控制的影响因素.结果 T2DM患者SDS标准分与HbA1c呈正相关(r=0.26,P＜0.05).多元回归分析显示T2DM患者SDS标准分与HbA1c仍相关(β=0.30,t=5.1,P＜0.05).A组HbA1c水平高于B组(t=3.685,P＜0.05);当校正性别、年龄、受教育程度等因素后,A组HbA1c仍高于B组(F=47.8,P＜0.05).结论 抑郁情绪不利于T2DM患者血糖控制.     

初发2型糖尿病患者的骨密度分析

目的:探讨初发2型糖尿病患者骨密度的变化并分析其发生的相关因素。方法:利用双能X线骨密度仪,检测165例40~80岁初发2型糖尿病患者骨密度的情况(进行腰椎2~4及左侧股骨近端骨密度测定),同时观察这165例初发2型糖尿病患者骨密度变化及与空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白(glucosylatedhemoglobin,Hb A1c)、空腹血清胰岛素(Fasting serum insulin,Fins)、空腹C肽(FC-P)等指标关系,以分析初发2型糖尿病合并骨密度低下、骨质疏松的检出率及影响因素。另以162名年龄性别相匹配的健康体检人群为对照。结果:无论男性、女性T2DM组与正常同性别同年龄组相比,骨密度的变化及骨质疏松的检出率均无明显差异。初发2型糖尿病合并骨密度低下的患者平均空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、平均Hb A1c、Fins、C肽,与骨密度正常的同性别同年龄组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:初发2型糖尿病患者腰椎及股骨近端的骨密度及骨质疏松的患病率均与正常人相似,初发2型糖尿病合并骨密度低下与血糖水平、胰岛素水平相关。     

2型糖尿病患者骨密度水平及其相关性的分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者骨密度水平及其相关性分析。方法选取2011年1¹2月在天津市第一中心医院住院的2型糖尿病患者,分别对168例T2DM患者(T2DM组)和140例健康体检者(健康组)进行腰椎(L212月在天津市第一中心医院住院的2型糖尿病患者,分别对168例T2DM患者(T2DM组)和140例健康体检者(健康组)进行腰椎(L2⁴)、股骨颈、大转子和Ward区骨密度测定,对两组骨密度水平、骨量减少和骨质疏松发病率进行比较,并对骨密度的相关性进行分析。结果男性T2DM患者除L2外,其余部位骨密度均低于健康组(P<0.05),女性T2DM患者除L4外,其余部位骨密度均低于健康组(P<0.05)。T2DM组中骨质疏松的发病率为49.43%,健康组为17.07%(P<0.05)。T2DM患者骨密度与年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白、绝经年限呈显著负相关,与BMI、空腹胰岛素水平呈显著正相关。结论 T2DM患者骨密度较健康组低,骨质疏松发病率较健康组高,且年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白、绝经年限、BMI、胰岛功能均是其相关因素。     

地中海贫血糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白检测的意义

目的:探讨地中海贫血糖尿病(DM)患者糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)检测的意义。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2012年11月收治的82例DM患者的临床资料,其中伴α型地中海贫血32例、伴β型地中海贫血20例、未伴地中海贫血基因30例。将同期进行体检的50例正常健康人作为正常对照组。分别测定Hb A1c、空腹血糖。结果:α型地中海贫血DM组、β型地中海贫血DM组和未伴地中海贫血基因DM组患者的空腹血糖水平和Hb A1c水平均较正常对照组高(均P<0.05)。α型与β型地中海贫血DM组Hb A1c水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。α型、β型地中海贫血DM组与未伴地中海贫血基因DM组患者的Hb A1c水平分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:β型地中海贫血DM患者的Hb A1c检测未能正确反映患者体内糖化血红蛋白水平,不能作为血糖监测有效评价指标。     

男性2型糖尿病患者骨密度变化及与甲状旁腺激素、25-羟基维生素D3、糖代谢指标的相关性分析

目的 探讨男性2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者骨代谢标志物及甲状旁腺素(PTH)、25-羟基维生素D3[25-(OH)D3]、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平与骨密度的相关性.方法 男性T2DM患者500例,根据其第2～4腰椎、股骨颈和全髋骨的骨密度分为骨量正常组174例、骨量减少组221例和骨质疏松组105例.测定3组患者的身高、体重、空腹血糖、血钙、血磷、血清PTH、25-(OH)D3、特异性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、N-端中段骨钙素(N-MID-OT)、总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(T-P1NP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列(β-P1CP)及HbA1c水平,分析各指标与骨密度的关系.结果 3组患者年龄、空腹血糖、血钙、血磷、25-(OH) D3水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);3组患者病程、体重指数、HbA1c、BAP、N-MID-OT、T-P1NP、β-P1CP、PTH的水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与骨量正常组比较,骨量减少及骨质疏松组患者体重指数、N-MID-OT和T-P1NP的水平降低,而HbA1c、BAP、β-P1CP、PTH的水平则呈升高趋势(P＜0.05);校正病程与体重指数后,HbA1c与腰椎2～4、股骨颈、全髋骨部位骨密度均存在明显的负相关关系(P＜0.05);校正前、校正后PTH水平与腰椎2～4、股骨颈以及全髋骨的骨密度均存在明显的负相关性(P＜0.05).校正前,25-(OH) D3水平与各部位骨密度无明显的相关性(P＞0.05),但校正后,其与股骨颈和髋骨骨密度呈正相关关系(P＜0.05).BAP、N-MID-OT、T-P1NP、β-P1 CP水平与各部位骨密度均存在明显的相关性(P＜0.05);男性T2DM患者的25-(OH) D3与PTH、HbA1c均呈负相关关系(P＜0.05).500例患者中,维生素D充足者占12.2％ (61/500),不足者占22.2％ (111/500),而缺乏者占比高达65.6％ (328/500).结论 骨代谢标志物、PTH、HbA1c、25-(OH)D3等指标均与男性T2DM患者骨密度变化存在一定相关性,应综合各种因素对男性T2DM患者的骨质疏松和骨量减少进行防治.     

晚期糖基化终末产物与2型糖尿病患者骨代谢及骨密度的相关性研究

目的探讨血清晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)水平与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者骨代谢及骨密度的相关性。方法从2009—2011年在我院就诊的T2DM患者中选取伴骨质疏松患者32例(A组)、骨量减少患者36例(B组)、骨质正常患者31例(C组),另选取30例健康体检者(D组)。比较4组受检者的体质指数(BMI)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FBG)、血碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)、尿Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽(CTX);检测A组、B组患者腰椎(L2～4)、股骨颈、三角、大转子的骨密度,分析AGEs与A组、B组骨代谢指标及骨密度的相关性。结果 4组受检者年龄、性别构成及ALP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而4组BMI、FBG、HbA1c、BGP、尿CTX、PTH、Ca、P、AGEs比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);其中D、C、B、A组血清AGEs水平依次升高,组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,A、B组AGEs水平与ALP无直线相关性,但均与BGP及L2～4、股骨颈、三角、大转子骨密度呈负相关(P<0.05),与HbA1c、尿CTX、PTH、Ca、P呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 T2DM伴骨质疏松或骨量减少患者血清AGEs水平显著升高;且AGEs与T2DM伴骨质疏松、骨量减少之间具有一定的相关性;AGEs可能通过影响骨代谢的生化指标,进而引起T2DM患者的骨质疏松、骨量减少。     

定量CT分析绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者椎体骨密度与骨标志物的关系

目的:探讨定量CT(QCT)测量绝经后女性2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者椎体骨密度(BMD)与骨标志物的相关性。方法:回顾性分析207例绝经后女性T2DM患者的临床及生化指标,所有患者均测量骨标志物,采用QCT测量T12与L1椎体BMD,取平均值。另选取200例胸部CT扫描加骨密度测量绝经后女性体检者作为对照组。比较对照组与T2DM组各指标(年龄、绝经年限、空腹血糖、HbA1c及BMD)的差异及两组研究对象按不同骨量分组BMD的差异,比较T2DM组不同骨量组间年龄、绝经年限、病程、BMI、BMD及骨标志物指标的差异,分析T2DM组年龄、绝经年限及各骨标志物指标与BMD的相关性。结果:骨质疏松组中,T2DM组患者BMD小于对照组(P<0.05)。T2DM组中,骨量正常组和骨量减低组绝经年限、β-胶原特殊序列均小于骨质疏松组(P<0.05)。年龄、绝经年限、PTH、TPINP、β-胶原特殊序列、N端骨钙素与BMD均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:基于QCT测量椎体的BMD可以很好评估绝经后女性T2DM患者骨量情况,同时与骨标志物有一定相关性。     

2型糖尿病患者腰椎骨密度变化及影响因素分析

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者腰椎骨密度(BMD)的变化及其影响因素.方法 T2DM组137例和对照组130例,测量腰椎L1-4的BMD,同时测定T2DM组的年龄、体质量及T2DM组空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、病程、糖化血红蛋白( HbA1c)、血钙、血磷、三酰甘油、总胆固醇等指标,多元回归分析2型糖尿病患者腰椎骨密度的相关因素.结果 糖尿病组腰椎BMD均较对照组显著降低(P＜0.01);T2DM患者随BMI值升高,BMD值也升高(β=0.106,P＜0.05);随病程增加及HbA1c值升高,BMD值缩小(β=-0.032、- 0.033,均P＜0.05);2型糖尿病组骨质疏松发生率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 (1)2型糖尿病组骨质疏松发生率显著高于对照组;(2) T2DM患者随BMI值升高,BMD值升高;随病程增加及HbA1c值升高,BMD缩小.     

男性2型糖尿病患者骨密度改变及影响因素的初探

目的探讨男性2型DM患者骨密度改变及其影响因素.方法应用DEXA测定了79例男性2型DM患者和43例对照组L2～4及股骨近端BMD,根据BMD将2型DM患者分为无OP组(DM-A组)和并发OP组(DM-B组),测定两组患者的FPG、FINS、FCP、HbA1c、UAER及尿β2-MG.结果男性2型DM患者L3、L4、Neck、Ward′s区的BMD较健康对照组显著下降(P<0.01,P<0.05);DM-B组病程、BMI、HbA1c、UAER及尿β2-MG与DM-A组差异显著(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论男性2型DM患者BMI低、血糖控制不良及肾脏损害时更易发生OP.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…