硫糖铝对大鼠胃粘膜保护机制的实验研究

用硫糖铝预防和治疗无水乙醇诱发的大鼠急性胃粘膜损伤。测定胃粘膜血流等多项指标，以较全面地研究其对胃粘膜细胞保护作用的机制。乙醇致大鼠胃粘膜损伤后，用硫糖铝预防和治疗与对照组比较均显著降低损伤指数，增加ＧＭＢＦ，升高胃粘膜电位于增加胃粘膜氨基己糖，磷脂含量，本实验提示：硫糖铝能促进糖蛋白、磷脂蛋白，增加ＧＭＢＦ，增强粘膜表面疏水性，具有保护粘膜，促进上皮修复的细胞保护作用。     

香砂六君子汤对大鼠急性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

观察香砂六君子汤对大鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护作用。方法预先给大鼠按１．０ｍｌ／１００ｇ体重灌服１ｇ／ｍｌ和２ｇ／ｍｌ两种浓度的香砂六君子汤煎液，对照组服等量生理盐水；３ｈ后以０．６Ｎ的ＨＣｌ１．６ｍｌ／只灌服进行造模，造模后观察大鼠胃粘膜的损伤指数及胃粘膜刷蛋白、氨基乙糖和磷酯的含量。结果香砂六君子汤能显著降低ＨＣｌ引起的胃粘膜损伤，增加氨基己糖和磷酯的合成，促进上皮修复，从而起到保护胃粘膜的作用。结论     

慢性饮酒大鼠胃粘膜的适应性细胞保护作用

目的：观察胃内灌注钝酒精对慢性饮酒大鼠胃粘膜的损害，并探讨慢性酒精刺激对大鼠胃粘膜细胞更新的影响及其在适应性细胞保护作用中的意义。方法：以6％（V／V）的酒精作为大鼠饮水的惟一来源，分别在大鼠饮酒的不同时程内胃内灌注100％酒精，观察大鼠胃粘膜的损伤情况。同时用免疫组化和计算机图像处理技术观察饮酒不同时程的大鼠胃粘膜的细胞增殖和凋亡，了解其细胞更新的情况。结果：100％酒精灌胃后大鼠胃粘膜的损伤和对照组相比，饮酒后1天的大鼠胃粘膜改变差异无显著性，饮酒后3－14天大鼠的胃粘膜损伤有显著性降低，饮酒后28天的大鼠差异又无显著性。饮酒3－14天的大鼠有粘膜的细胞增殖和凋亡同步增加，提示在此时期内胃粘膜的细胞更新增强。结论：适当低浓度酒精反复刺激可以促进胃粘膜的细胞更新并引起大鼠胃粘膜的适应性细胞保护作用。     

丹参酮ⅡA对大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨丹参酮ⅡA对大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用。方法:用水浸束缚应激法(WRS)复制大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤模型,提前7d灌胃给予丹参酮ⅡA,应激6h后处死大鼠,观察胃粘膜损伤指数和胃粘膜损伤程度的变化,检测血清及胃粘膜组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果:大鼠水浸束缚应激后胃粘膜SOD活性明显下降,MDA含量明显升高,可能与应激后氧自由基生成增多有关,从而产生胃粘膜损伤,出现应激性溃疡;丹参酮A能明显降低应激大鼠胃粘膜损伤指数和胃粘膜MDA水平,升高血清和胃粘膜SOD活性。结论:丹参酮ⅡA对水浸束缚应激引起的大鼠胃粘膜损伤有明显的保护作用,可能与其抑制脂质过氧化作用有关。     

断流术对肝硬变门脉高压大鼠胃粘膜影响的研究

通过实验，观察了肝硬变门脉高压大鼠在断流术后胃粘膜结构和功能改变。结果显示门脉高压时窦及底体部胃粘膜血流量（ＧＭＢＦ），糖蛋白（ＧＰ）及ＰＧＥ２，６－酮－ＧＰＦ１α等均明显下降，胃粘膜上皮细胞脱落，粘膜下层水肿，厚度增加，毛细血管腔缩小。断流术后上述指标则进一步降低。胃粘膜上皮呈显著缺血，缺氧表现。以上结果表明，肝硬变门脉高压时胃粘膜防御能力被削弱，导致胃粘膜病变的发生，断流后则进一步损害了胃粘膜     

前列腺素对阿斯匹林诱发大鼠急性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

本文从不同形态学水平观察前列腺素（Ｐｒｏｓｓｔａｇｌａｎｄｉｎ Ｅ２，ＰＧＥ２）对阿斯匹林诱发大鼠急性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用，结果表明：预先给予ＰＧ，能完全抑制胃粘膜大体病变，明显减轻粘膜深层的组织损伤，部分保护粘膜上皮细胞脱落。的描电镜下，可见胃腺体粘液分泌旺盛，腺颈细胞向胃小凹表面移行。显示ＰＧ对胃粘膜产生形态学上的保护作用，其机理与促进粘液分泌、加速上皮修复有关。     

别嘌呤醇对大鼠冷束缚应激性溃疡的保护作用

用大鼠冷束缚应激性溃疡模型,观察用生理盐水或别嘌呤醇预处理后,动物胃粘膜损伤的情况。结果发现,别嘌呤醇处理组胃粘膜损伤指数、溃疡深度指数及粘膜损伤度均显著低于生理盐水组。提示,来源于黄嘌呤氧化酶的氧自由基,对急性应激性溃疡的发生具有重要作用。     

实验性乙醇胃粘膜损害中胃肠激素表达变化及意义

为了探讨胃肠激素在急性胃粘膜损伤中的变化和作用，该文观察了大鼠乙醇对胃粘膜损伤模型中胃粘膜局部胃肠激素含量的变化肽其与胃粘膜损伤程度的关系。结果表明：随着乙醇作用时间延长，胃粘膜内生长抑素和血管活性肠肽含量显著下降，Ｐ物质的含量明显增加，从而使攻击因子作用加强，防御因子作用减弱，在乙醇作用３０ｍｉｎ后粘膜局部的表皮生长因子显著增高，这可能与机体的适应性保护有关。提示：胃肠激素的变化大与乙醇性胃粘膜     

内源性一氧化氮对大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

探讨内源性一氧化氮（NO）在大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤中的作用及其与流基物质和脂质过氧化之间的关系。方法：建立冷束缚大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤模型，观察：①内源性NO对胃粘膜损伤的影响；②应激后大鼠胃粘膜内巯基物质和脂质过氧化终产物丙二醛（MDA）含量的改变；③阻断NO对应激大鼠胃粘膜内上述两种物质含量的影响。结果：①外周给予NO阻断剂L－硝基精氨酸（L－NNA，12．5mg／kg）明显加重胃粘膜损伤；②应激导致胃粘膜内巯基物质含量显著降低，MDA含量明显增高；③但以L－NNA抑制内源性NO的生成，对应激大鼠胃粘膜上述两类物质的含量无明显影响。结论：内源性NO具有保护大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤的作用，其保护作用似不通过内源性巯基物质的介导，也与胃粘膜脂质过氧化无关。     

螺旋藻预防大鼠应激性胃溃疡的实验研究

本实验观察了螺旋藻(500mg/kg)对大鼠“冷冻一束缚”应激性胃溃疡的预防作用.预先用螺旋藻灌胃的大鼠,其胃粘膜溃疡指数明显低于单纯应激大鼠;光、电镜检查,单纯应激的大鼠胃粘膜上皮脱落,腺体组织有明显变性、坏死等病变,而预先给螺旋藻的应激大鼠胃粘膜,形态结构未见明显异常.测定大鼠胃粘膜的MDA含量,单纯应激组显著高于正常对照组,预先给螺旋藻.大鼠胃粘膜的MDA含量无明显降低.研究提示:螺旋藻具有一定的保护胃粘膜屏障的作用.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…